포스트휴머니즘의 윤리적 패러다임과 기독교 윤리 = The Shift of Ontological and Axiological Paradigm for a Posthuman Ethics

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Witnessing the crisis of ecological environment and the unpredictable progress of technological development, this paper ventures to convene posthumanism to discuss how the paradigm of ethics should be changed for the upcoming posthuman society. To address this theme, this paper set up four research questions in terms of ontological and axiological perspectives: First, what is the nature of posthuman beings and how can the category of the humanness be expanded?, Second, how can the humanistic notions of subjectivity, self-identity, human rights, and freedom be applied to posthuman beings and what contradictions thess attempts might bring about as the matter of ethical considerations? Third, what kind of arguments might be emerging when we propose new ideas about posthuman ethics? And fourth, what can the supportive theories of posthumanism be used in establishing new paradigm of posthuman ethics? The core findings of this paper’s discussion are as follow: First, three main issues need to be discussed for considering posthuman ethics, which are post-humanistic dignity, the entanglement of posthuman beings, and the posthuman bio-politics. Second, the paradigm for posthuman ethics may consist of four kernel sub-theories of posthumanism, which are eco-feminism, vitalism, non-representative theory, and biopolitcs. This paper’s suggestion may entice the discussion of posthuman ethics in the field of humanities and can give some useful insights for this issue.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본고는 급격한 생태적 위기와 기술적 발전이 동시에 일어남으로 인해 인류의 삶과 존재 방식이 포스트휴먼적 성격으로 변해가고 있음에 주목하고, 포스트휴머니즘의 관점에서 윤리학의 패러다임이 어떻게 변해야 할 것인지를 논의하고 그 방향성을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 본고는 다음 네 가지의 연구문제를 설정하였다: 첫째, 포스트휴먼적 존재란 무엇이고, 그에 따라 ‘인간’의 범주가 어떻게 확장될 수 있는가?, 둘째, 포스트휴먼적 존재를 위해 주체성, 자기정체성, 인권, 자유의 개념은 어떻게 적용될 수 있으며, 이러한 윤리학적 범주의 확장에 대해 어떤 논란점이 있는가?, 셋째, 포스트휴먼적 윤리학을 설계하는 과정에서 드러나는 논쟁점들은 어떤 것이 있는가? 마지막으로 넷째, 포스트휴먼 윤리학의 패러다임을 수립하는데 필요한 이론적 관점들은 어떤 것들이 있는가? 이 네 가지의 질문들에 대한 논의 결과, 본고는 포스트휴먼 윤리의 핵심논점으로는 탈인본주의적 존엄성, 포스트휴먼적 존재들 간의 관계성, 그리고 포스트휴먼 생명정치학의 관점들을 논의될 필요가 있고, 그에 따라 포스트휴먼 윤리학의 패러다임은 생태페미니즘, 생기론, 비대표성이론 그리고 생명정치학의 이론들의 관점을 기반으로 수립될 수 있다는 것이다. 본고의 논의는 향후 포스트휴먼 사회의 윤리적 문제들에 대한 학계의 논의에 의미있는 시사점을 제시해줄 수 있을 것이다.

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