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다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

We developed a protocol to produce synthetic seeds of mango ginger (Curcuma amada Roxb.) for large-scale propagation, storage, and germplasm exchange. The seeds were produced by encapsulating somatic embryos in a calcium–alginate matrix. Embryogenic callus was induced from leaf sheath explants on 0.8% agar solidified with full-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3% (w/v) sucrose, 2.0 mg·L-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.5 mg·L-1 6-benzyladenine (BA). Somatic embryos were induced by transferring the calli to 1/2 MS liquid medium supplemented with 3% (w/v) sucrose and 0.3 mg·L-1 BA. A synthetic seed coat for the somatic embryos that is uniform in size and shape was produced by incubating the embryos in 3% (w/v) sodium alginate in 1/2 MS liquid medium and exposure to 100 mM calcium chloride (CaCl2.2H2O) for 15 min. The highest germination percentage of synthetic seeds (91.66%) was achieved on 1/2 MS solid medium supplemented with 3% (w/v) sucrose and 0.25 mg·L-1 gibberellic acid (GA3) in darkness (24 h) for 35 days. Sucrose-dehydrated synthetic seeds showed better storability than fresh seeds. Synthetic seeds that were dehydrated in 8.55% (w/v) sucrose solution and stored at 4C showed germination percentages of approximately 88.10% after 30 days of storage and 54.16% after 120 days of storage. Plantlets were successfully acclimatized to ex vitro conditions (survival rate, 82.66%) and showed normal development and normal phenotypes. In a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis, a monomorphic banding profile was obtained from the plants derived from synthetic seeds that had been stored for 120 days. This confirmed the genetic fidelity of the plants derived from the stored artificial seeds.

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