Evaluation of NH3 emissions in accordance with the pH of biochar

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Nitrogen (N) is the most important element during the process of plant growth, and the quality of crops varies depending on the amount of nitrogen present. Most of the nitrogen is used for plant growth, but approximately 10 - 20% of Nitrogen is carried away by the wind in the form of NH3. This volatilized NH3 reacts with various oxides in the atmosphere to generate secondary particulate matter. To address this, the present study attempts to reduce NH3 occurring in the soil using biochar at a specific pH. Biochar was used as a treatment with 1% (w·w-1) of the soil, and urea was applied at different levels of 160, 320, and 640 kg·N·ha-1. NH3 generated in the soil was collected using a dynamic column and analyzed using the indophenol blue method. NH3 showed the maximum emission within 4 - 7 days after the fertilizer treatment, decreasing sharply afterward. NH3 emission levels were reduced with the biochar treatment in all cases. Among them, the best reduction efficiency was found to be approximately 25% for the 320 kg·ha-1 + pH 6.7 biochar treatment. Consequently, in order to reduce the amount of NH3 generated in the soil, it is most effective to use pH 6.7 biochar and a standard amount (320 kg·N·ha-1) of urea.

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