韓國家族企業에 관한 硏究 = (A) Study on the family business of Korea

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This is a study of the family business from the standpoint of enterprises. The study of family business has not been made sufficiently before. So, the definition of the family business is rather important in this study. The definitions generally recognized are as follows:
A company is considered a family business when it has been closely identified with at least two generations of a family and when this link has had a mutual influence on company policy and on the interests and the objectives of the family. Such a relationship is indicated when one of more of the following conditions exists:
1) Family relationship is a factor, among others, in determining management succession.
2) Wives or sons of present or former chief executives are on the board of directors.
3) The important institutional values of the firm are identified with a family, either in formal traditions of the organization.
4) The actions of a family member reflect on or are thought to reflect on the reputation of the enterprise, regardless of this formal connection to management.
5) The relatives involved feel obligated to hold the company stock for more than financial reasons, especially when losses are involved.
6) The postion of the family member in the firm influences his standing in the family.
7) A family member must come to terms with his relationship to the enterprise in determining his own career.
8) Nepotism, which is defined as favoritism granted on the basis of family relationship.
The family businesses which belong to the above category of the definition are so many in Korea. It has a large share of 85.4% in the field of manufacturing. So, the importance of the family business is so great that this study is aimed at exploring the methods for the development and growth of the family business.
The approach to the exploration of the methods is performed as follows:
First, to examine the bearing of family business of the growth of a firm, degree of family relationship is given as dependent variable, Y and growth factor of a firm, as X. For the growth factors of firm, net soles, capital, gross selling profit and number of employees are given X_(1), X_(2), X_(3), and X_(4) as independent variables respectively, and
Y=a+bx_(1)+cx_(2)+dx_(3)+ex_(4)+E is made.
By the above formula equations are obtained as follows:
∑Y=n.a+b∑x_(1)+c∑x_(2)+d∑x_(3)+e∑x_(4)
∑x_(1)Y=a∑x_(1)+b∑x^(2)_(1)+c∑x_(1)x_(2)+d∑x_(1)x_(3)+e∑x_(1)x_(4)
∑x_(2)Y=a∑x_(2)+b∑x_(1)x_(2)+c∑x^(2)_(2)+d∑x_(2)x_(3)+e∑x_(2)x_(4)
∑x_(3)Y=a∑x_(3)+b∑x_(1)x_(3)+c∑x_(2)x_(3)+d∑x(^2)x_(3)+e∑x_(3)x_(4)
∑x_(4)Y=a∑x_(4)+b∑x_(2)x_(4)+c∑x_(2)x_(4)+d∑x_(3)x^(2)_(4)+e∑x^(2)_(4)
When the above equation is again computerized according to Gauss □hidle's formula, the following simple regression can be obtained.
1) Simple regression.
Y=-.0044746+(.0920702)*X
2) Multiple regression and correlation.
Y=27.9030903+(.0000321)*X_(1)+(.0009929)*X_(2)+(.0000646)*X_(3)+(.0000938)*X_(4)
(1) Determine coefficient .26
(2) Multiple correlation coefficient .51
From the above equation, It is revealed that the correlation coefficient between family relationship and growth of a firm is 0.52.
This evidently shows that there is a correlation between the two factors.
Second, to find out the proper time of transformation of a family business, the stages of growth of a firm is analyzed according to Alfred D. Chandle's "five stages of growth" on the basis of multiple correlation analysis. The formula and the result obtained are as follows:
*Group (step 1)
Multiple regression and correlation.
Y=19.1766611+(-.0122437)*X_(1)+(.0071608)*X_(2)+(.0427960)*X_(3)+(.0223121)*X_(4)
(1) Determine coefficient .09
(2) Multiple correlation coefficient .30
*Group (step 2)
Multiple regression and correlation.
Y=27.3052689+(.0000175)*X_(1)+(.0008483)*X_(2)+(.0014486)*X_(3)+(-.0023880)*X_(4)
(1) Determine coefficient .18
(2) Multiple correlation coefficient .42
*Group (step 3)
Multiple regression and correlation.
Y=37.2122122+(-.0000058)*X_(1)+(.0003513)*X_(2)+(-.0003599)*X_(3)+(-.0013668)*X_(4)
(1) Determine coefficient -.14
(2) Multiple correlation coefficient -.37
*Group (step 4)
Multiple regression and correlation.
Y=41.3394460+(-.0000157)*X_(1)+(.0003864)*X_(2)+(.0002511)*X_(3)+(-.0024598)*X_(4)
(1) Determine coefficient .24
(2) Multiple correlation coefficient -.49
*Group (step 5)
Multiple regression and correlation.
Y=36.6845827+(.000038)*X_(1)+(.0005801)*X_(2)+(.0000167)*X_(3)+(-.0000978)*X_(4)
(1) Determine coefficient .19
(2) Multiple correlation coefficient -.43
From the above analysis, it is concluded that in case of small business the greater the family relationship is, the greater the growth degree is and in case of big business the opposite is true.
Third, the proper scale of a business at the time of transformation of a family business is as follows:
Net soles: 20,135,123,000 Won.
Capital: 2,406,00,000 Won.
Gross sailing profit: 2,343,075,000 Won.
Number of employees: 428 persons.
In the context it is recognized from this study that a family business is not necessarily unsuccessful of insolvent, but the above methods taken into full consideration, family business can be improvement measures.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = 5
• Ⅰ. 緖論 = 11
• 1. 問題의 提起 = 11
• 2. 硏究 目的 = 14
• 3. 用語의 定義 = 16
• 1) 家旅의 意義 = 16
• 2) 家族企業의 定義 = 18
• 4. 硏究의 內容 및 限界 = 20
• 5. 硏究의 方法 및 節次 = 21
• 1) 硏究의 設計 (research design) = 21
• 2) 質問書의 構成 = 22
• 3) 標本 및 調査方法 = 22
• 4) 資料 處理 = 23
• Ⅱ. 外國의 家族企業 = 24
• 1. 日本의 家旅企業 = 24
• 1) 家族企業의 特性 = 24
• 2) 個人資本主義로부터 法人資本主義化 = 26
• 3) 個人大株主의 衰退 = 27
• 4) 家族會社로부터 脫皮 = 29
• 5) 擬制的 家族支配 = 30
• 6) 法人資本主義化하는 家族會社 = 31
• 2. 美國의 家族企業 = 34
• 1) 家族企業의 特性 = 34
• 2) 家族企業의 變遷 = 36
• 3) 家族企業의 經營方針 = 39
• Ⅲ. 韓國家族金業의 歷史約 背景 = 46
• 1. 韓國家族企業의 歷史的 特性 = 47
• 1) 開花期의 家旅企業 = 48
• 2) 植民地 支配下의 家族企業 = 48
• 3) 解放後의 家族企業 = 52
• 2. 家族業企의 時代的 區分 = 52
• 1) 形成期 (1950年代 以前) = 53
• 2) 成長期 (1960年代) = 54
• 3) 成熟期 (1970年代) = 54
• 4) 韓國家旅企業의 經營管理 發展段階 = 55
• Ⅳ. 韓國家族企業의 現況과 構成形熊 및 盛行理由 = 58
• 1. 家族企業의 現況 = 58
• 1) 中小企業 = 59
• 2) 大企業 = 60
• 2. 家族企業의 形態 = 61
• 1) 經營層의 人的構成形態 = 61
• 2) 意思決定形態 = 72
• 3) 經營管理形態 = 73
• 3. 韓國家旅企業의 盛行理由 = 74
• 1) 歷吏的 制度的 理由 = 74
• 2) 文化的 宗敎的 理由 = 76
• 3) 心理論 理由 = 79
• Ⅴ. 韓國家族企業의 長點과 問題點 = 83
• 1. 家族企業의 長点 = 83
• 1) 財務管理的 側面 = 83
• 2) 管理監督的 側面 = 84
• 3) 社會的 側面 = 88
• 4) 成長發展的 側面 = 89
• 2. 韓國 家旅企業의 問題点 = 91
• 1) 管理監督 = 92
• 2) 意思疎通 = 95
• 3) 社勢擴張 = 96
• 4) 環境適應 = 103
• 5) 經營權의 繼承 = 110
• Ⅵ. 韓國家族金業 脫皮時期의 實證的 分析 = 119
• 1. 假說의 設定 = 119
• 2. 分析方法 및 標本의 特性 = 119
• 1) 分析方法 = 119
• 2) 標本의 特性 = 122
• 3. 重回歸分析에 의한 韓國家族企業의 脫皮時期와 適正規模 = 139
• 1) 모델 빌딩 (model building) = 139
• 2) 相關分析 및 回歸分析 = 140
• Ⅶ. 要約 및 結論 = 149
• 附錄 Ⅰ. 質問書 = 161
• 附錄 Ⅱ. 컴퓨터 프로그램 = 164
• 參考文獻 = 187
• Summary = 191