전북지역 중년여성의 체형인식수준에 따른 비만도, 건강불안수준, 건강증진행위, 삶의 질에 대한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Research Objective: The main purpose of this research is to investigate the obesity, health anxiety level, health promoting behavior, quality of life according to a body image perception of a middle-aged women living in Jeonbuk area and to help them to get proper perception of their bodies and lead to healthier lives.
Research Methods: This questionnaire was administered to 334 middle-aged women in Jeonbuk areas such as Jeonju, Iksan and Gunsan. The survey method was to explain about the purpose of the survey to distribute questionnaires were collected and 334 (100%) were used as the analysis data. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics, body measurement, the actual state of weight control, health anxiety level, health promotion behavior, and the quality of life. Statistical data analysis was being completed using SPSS v.24.0.
Research Results: The significant difference was shown on these following factors religion (p<0.05), taking dietary supplements (p<0.05), having diseases (p<0.05), examining respondents’ general characteristics. The reasons why they intake dietary supplement were turned up as ‘to replenish nutrition’ 51%, ‘to prevent diseases’ 35.8%, ‘to relieve menopausal symptoms’ 22.9%. Currently diagnosed diseases have been shown as ‘high pressure’ 25.2%, ‘arthritis’ 24.4%, and ‘diabetes’ 8.4%.The average weight degree of respondents was around 57.68 ± 7.46kg. According to the body image perception level, the group that shows the highest weight degree; very fat, indicated 65.29 ± 6.13kg, the second highest group with fat women ; 58.78 ± 5.62kg, the group of moderate body type; 52.84 ± 5.21kg, and the group of thin body type displayed 47.88 ± 5.41kg (p<0.001). The average height degree of them was around 159.29 ± 5.15cm. According to the body image perception level, the group of thin body type showed the value of 161.94 ± 6.29cm, the group with very fat body type; 159.56 ± 5.28cm, the group with fat body type; 159.20 ± 5.04cm and the group of moderate body type represented the value of 158.82 ± 4.97cm (p<0.05). There were 46.1% of people with moderate weight, 26.9% of the overweight, 21.6% of obesity, and 5.4% of the low weight among the total 334 middle-aged women analyzing their BMI. Showing a significant difference in these categories; the percentage of people who considered themselves as thin body type showed the highest value; 56.3%. In the ‘low weight’ group, those who believed them as normal were mostly in the ‘moderate group’ showing the value of 77.8%, people in the fat body type group displayed the same figure for ‘moderate’ and ‘overweight’, which was 42.1% and finally 65.7% of people in the group that shows the highest weight degree considered them as ‘obese’. Those who answered ‘yes’ for the question asking about the experience of diet, showed 69.4% in the group of moderate body type, 80% in the group of fat body type, 92.9% in the group of very fat body type 56.3% of the people in the group of thin body type answered ‘no’ (p<0.001). There was a significant difference among these following groups; 68.8% of people who have thin body type, 85.0% of people with fat body type 97.1% of very fat people were not satisfied with their weight, while 69.4% of people having the moderate weight were satisfied with their weight (p<0.001). The causes of respondents’ obesity were shown as ‘lack of exercise’ 69.0%, ‘irregular meal’ 28.1%, ‘overeat’ 25.7%. The methods of how to control their weight were displayed as ‘exercise’ 65.3%, ‘eating less’ 30.5%, ‘fasting’ 20.5%. The responded side effects due to weight control showed ‘no side effect’ 44.8%, ‘anemia’ 25.5%, and constipation 21.2%. The answer to the question asking about the existence of obese family member showed that ‘no’ 68.3%, ‘mother’ 17.7%, ‘siblings’ 16.8% and ‘father’ 5.1%. There was a significant difference in these following parts, ‘concerns about diseases’ (p<0.05) and ‘obsession about physical sense’ (p<0.05). Among the articles in the ‘Concerns about diseases,’ a significant difference was shown in these categories; ‘I am worried about health’ (p<0.01) and I feel anxious when I think of serious diseases. (p<0.05) The significant difference has appeared on the article ‘I believe I got a severe disease when pain lasts for more than a week’ (p<0.05) in ‘obsession about physical sense’ section. The average score of respondents’ health promotion behavior was 3.44 ± 0.45 points out of 5.0 points. There was a significant difference found in these details (p<0.05) that moderate body type showed 3.51 ± 0.41 points, thin body type; 3.42 ± 0.97 points, fat body type; 3.45 ± 0.45 points and very fat body type got the lowest score which was 3.30 ± 0.50 points. The significant difference has appeared on the section of ‘drink, smoking and caffeine consumption (p<0.05); especially in these following articles that ‘I try to reduce having a caffeine beverage’ (p<0.05) ‘I do not drink too much’ (p<0.05). On the ‘nutrition and daily life’ section, ‘I eat much sharp-tasting food (e.g. spicy, salty, and sweet)’ (p<0.05) showed a significant difference. The total average score for the quality of life showed 3.37 ± 0.56 points. The life quality according to the body type perception level showed that the moderate body type with the value of 3.45 ± 0.46 points and fat body type with 3.40 ± 0.58 points which were significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to thin body type with the value of 3.27 ± 0.52 points and very fat body type with 3.23 ± 0362 points. In each section, there was a significant difference in the ‘physical detail’ section’ (p<0.05); indicating ‘I am satisfied with my energy level’ (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in psychological detail section; between ‘I am a priceless person’ (p<0.01) and ‘I am intelligent’ (p<0.05). Moreover, there was a significant difference represented in the section of social detail, ‘I am satisfied with the relationship between my children and me.’ There was a strong correlation (p<0.01) between BMI and the body type perception which was r=0.738, and was also shown between health promotion behavior and age (r=0.149, p<0.01), anxiety level (r=0.196, p<0.01), and the quality of life (r=0.568, p<0.01) considering following factors; age, BMI, the body image perception, anxiety level on their health, health promotion behavior and the quality of life. However, body image perception and health promotion behavior were negatively correlated, showing the value of r=0.136 (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Therefore, it is essential to understand their body type with positive mind and behaviors. Also, developing health care teaching program through work or medical centers would be highly required to improve our health promotion behaviors, anxiety level on their health, and the quality of life.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 5
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 6
• 1. 체형인식 6
• 2. 비만도 8
• 3. 건강불안수준 10
• 4. 건강증진행위 12
• 5. 삶의 질 14
• 6. 중년여성의 비만도, 건강불안수준, 건강증진행위, 삶의 질 관련 선행연구 고찰 15
• Ⅲ. 연구내용 및 방법 18
• 1. 연구 설계 18
• 2. 조사대상자 및 기간 18
• 3. 조사내용 및 방법 18
• 3.1 일반적 사항 19
• 3.2 체중조절 19
• 3.3 건강불안수준 19
• 3.4 건강증진행위 19
• 3.5 삶의 질 20
• 4. 자료 분석 방법 22
• Ⅳ. 연구결과 23
• 1. 조사대상자의 체형인식수준에 따른 일반적 특성 23
• 2. 조사대상자의 체형인식수준에 따른 신체계측 30
• 3. 조사대상자의 체형인식수준에 따른 체중조절 실태 32
• 4. 조사대상자의 체형인식수준에 따른 건강불안수준 40
• 5. 조사대상자의 체형인식수준에 따른 건강증진행위 43
• 6. 조사대상자의 체형인식수준에 따른 삶의 질 47
• 7. 조사대상자의 체형인식수준에 따른 연령, BMI, 건강불안수준, 건강증진행위, 삶의 질과의 상관관계 51
• Ⅴ. 고찰 53
• Ⅵ. 요약 및 결론 64
• 참고문헌 68
• 부록(설문지) 85