중학교 생물과 학습방법 개선을 위한 현장연구 : 탐구활동을 통한 학습방법의 모색 = Improving Learning Methods in the Teaching of Middle School Biology

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

As a result of having excessively negative learning activities up to the present, most of the students have too much recourse to other's aid on their learning aspects. Their habits formed by negative activities may have effects on their nature and further on their capacities for solution to assigned problems by themselves when they grow to be citizens of community. In addition to that, when students want to be a man who is engaged in the science field, they are doubted even about being able to keep scientifically thinking of their subjects. Therefore the improvement of the traditional method has to be indeed intended for training up those who are able to keep thinking and solving the questions' getting rid of the dependent habits. Especially the improvement on the science study is a serious problem that requires immediate solution. We have to place emphases on science as progress studying how knowledges of science have been accumulated, not on science as product transmitted and memorized to us. It may be desirous work to improve the learning up attempting habits on the scionce field, in which fortunately students are concerned about and interested in their activities. 1. Students are immoderately passive on their learning aspects; because they have negatively studied merely to prepare the enterance examination in junior and senior high school. Therefore, if the negative method is continuously practised to students, they are uncertain whether they are able to get ability of solution to their questions as they grow to be citizens of community. If even in science education, the cramming education is positively enforced to students, the opportunities of upbringing of their scientific thought won't be offered to them. 2. If we train students to participate in positive learning activities, not only their interest to science but also their school records increase more than ever, in consequence of their assurance to the subject matters practised by positive activities, and of progress of active learning. 3. The advanced method has to be sought which aids the development of students nature, after completely seizing the essence of their interest and aptitude nearly denied now in school education. If the negative activities are practised to the students who have no thinking power, they will be fixed on the dependent habits. On the other hand, if they get trained on the procisely intended autonomic learning and on the scientific studying activities of solution to the assigned questions, they will form thinking capacity and broadminded nature. 4. The junior and senior high schools curricula have to be reconsidered, and the text compilation also nave to be precisely recomposed. As, every in each unit about the same contents, it has no connections and no direction far experiments, the effective learning to students was achieved, on the students' autonomic testing activities, with recomposing the text, fitted for experiments. 5. The method of experiment preceding theory-the conclusion. deduced from experiments is adapted to the theory-is mare effectual on the activities of the biology department. 6. As the method of deriving the conclusion from experiments before students infer what it will he is more stimulative to students than that of trying experiments after then know what it is, the activities of students get active arid interesting level also rises.