과학기반 국제규범 제정기구들의 의사결정 절차에 관한 비교 연구: IPCC, Codex, OIE를 중심으로 = A comparative study on decision-making processes for science-based norms in international organizations: the cases of IPCC, Codex, and OIE

국문 초록 (Abstract)

지구화가 진전되면서 국제기구와 과학기반 국제규범의 역할이 점차 증대되어왔다. 하지만 국내에서는 그동안 국제기구 내에서 이런 국제규범이 어떻게 생산되고 결정되는지 연구한 사례가 거의 없었다. 이 연구는 환경레짐과 무역레짐에 속한 세 국제기구를 비교하면서 과학에 기반한 국제규범이 결정되는 과정을 구체적으로 조명하고자 한다. 특히, 최근에 주목받고 있는 IPCC(Intergovernmental Panels on Climate Change), Codex(Codex Alimentarius), OIE(Office International des Epizooties)의 설립 배경과 의사결정의 주요 요소(동료심사, 개도국의 과학자문위원회 참여, 불확실성 관리 방안)를 집중적으로 분석한다. 과학 기반 규범을 결정하는 의사결정 방식은 각 기구마다 서로 달랐는데, 이는 이 기구가 위치한 국제레짐의 성격과 정치적 가시성에 따른 것으로 생각되었다. 이 연구는 이 국제규범 제정 과정에서 그 역할이 미약한 한국이 대안적인 의견을 제시하고 한국의 이익에 부합하는 결정을 유도하는 방안을 강구하는데 도움이 될 것이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

As globalization progresses, the role of international organizations and science-based international norms has been gradually increasing. However, there have been few cases of research on how these international norms are produced and determined within international organizations. This study compares the three international organizations belonging to the environmental regime and the trade regime, and specifically illuminates the process of determining international norms based on science. The historical background of the establishment of IPCC(Intergovernmental Panels on Climate Change), Codex(Codex Alimentarius), and OIE(Office International des Epizooties), which have recently attracted attention, and key factors of decision-making, i.e. peer review system, participation of experts from developing countries in scientific advisory committees, and measures to manage uncertainty) are intensively analyzed. Each decision-making procedure for determining science-based norms was different for each organization, which was thought to depend on the nature of the international regime in which it was located, and its political visibility. This study will be helpful to policy makers of Korean government, which has a weak role in the process of enacting international norms, to suggest alternative opinions and to devise ways to induce decisions that are aligned with Korea's interests.

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