한국 제조업에서 혁신활동과 재무적 성과 간의 인과경로 = 혁신성과 및 운영성과의 매개효과를 중심으로

국문 초록 (Abstract)

기술혁신을 포함한 기업의 혁신이 기업과 산업의 성장 및 경쟁우위에 기여한다는 연구는 많으나, 주로 연구개발 집약도 또는 특허로 측정되는 기술적 혁신의 성과 검증에 집중되어왔다. 또한 혁신의 단계 또는 프로세스에 관한 기존 모형들은 대부분 기술 혁신을 대상으로 아이디어 창출-기술개발-혁신성과 도출의 과정을 설명하고 있지만, 이러한 모형들은 지식의 창출과정을 설명하는 모형이거나 기술적인 혁신에 국한된 지식의 변환구조에 초점이 맞추어져 있다. 본 연구는 기존의 혁신 모형을 확장하여 혁신활동부터 기업의 운영성과와 재무적 성과까지를 포괄하는 모형을 설정하고, 이들 간의 경로들이 실제로 존재하는지를 규명하는 인과적인 경로분석을 수행하였다.
분석결과 첫째, 혁신활동이 늘어나면 신제품 출시, 공정혁신, 특허출원과 같은 혁신의 성과가 늘어나고, 혁신성과는 기업의 운영성과를 높이며, 운영성과는 매출성장률을 향상시키는 경로가 검증되었다. 둘째, 종속변수가 혁신성과, 기업운영성과, 재무적 성과의 방향으로 혁신의 직접적인 성과로부터 거리가 멀어질수록 혁신활동의 영향력이 점차 감소함을 확인하였다. 셋째, 혁신성과가 매출성장률에 미치는 효과는 소기업이 중기업보다 높으며, 중기업의 경우 혁신성과는 매출성장률에 긍정적인 영향이 있을 뿐만 아니라 영업이익률에 미치는 효과가 존재함을 검증하였다. 그러나 대기업의 경우 혁신성과가 재무적 성과에 미치는 직접 및 간접 효과는 확인되지 않았다. 넷째, 혁신의 전유성은 혁신성과, 특허출원건수, 기업운영성과에 모두 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있음을 실증하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Extant studies have explained that firm’s innovations including technological product and process innovations contribute to its competitive advantage and growth, thereby supporting competitiveness and growth of industry. These studies, however, have focused mainly on the role and effect of technological change that is primarily measured by the patent numbers and R&D intensity. Aside from these traditional streams, there has been growing interest on the impact by various dimensions of innovation including non-technological innovations. Apart from the discussions on the dimensions and scope of innovation, stages or processes of innovation also have been studied. Extant studies on innovation process model, however, has limited its interests in the structure of the transformation of knowledge.
This study have established a comprehensive model embracing operational and financial performance to investigate the causal paths between innovation and firm performance. Using multi-level generalized linear model with path analysis, this study have found results as follows: First, the processes from innovative activities to innovation output and outcomes including operational and financial performance at firm level were verified. Secondly, the influence of innovation decreases gradually as the distance away from the direct outputs of the innovation increase in the direction of financial outcomes. Third, the effect of innovation on the sales growth rate is higher for small businesses than for medium-sized businesses. The effect of innovation on the profit rate, however, is significant only for medium-sized businesses. For large businesses, innovation has no positive significant impact on any financial performance at all. Fourth, Fourth, the appropriability of innovation has positive impacts on innovative performance, patent applications, and operational performance.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 국문요약
• ABSTRACT
• I. 서론
• II. 이론적 배경과 가설
• III. 연구범위 및 방법
• IV. 분석결과
• V. 결론 및 시사점
• 참고문헌

참고문헌 (Reference)

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