미⋅중 해양 패권경쟁 : 서태평양 해역의 도련(島鏈) 개념을 중심으로 = US-China Maritime Hegemony Competition: Focusing on the Island Chain Concept in the Western Pacific Region

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper analyzes the ongoing US-China maritime hegemonic competition centered on the concept of the island chain in the Western Pacific. To this end, after outlining the historical process of the development of the concept of the island chain, it examines how the concept is perceived, utilized, and what kind of interactions it induces in the process of the US-China hegemony competition today.
Through analysis, this paper shows that maritime geography, especially the concept of the island chain, functions as a key element in the competition between the US and China. The US has been maintaining an island defense strategy supported by its overwhelming naval and air power as its Western Pacific military strategy since the early twentieth century, and even today, it maintains a regional defense posture centered on the First Island Chain as a barrier to intercept China’s expansion into the Pacific Ocean.
Meanwhile, China is changing its naval geography by constructing and militarizing artificial islands in the South China Sea in order to change the fate of its unfavorable maritime geography in the Western Pacific, and is 66 _국가안보와 전략 | 제24권 3호(통권95호) further seeking to advance into the Indian Ocean and the Second Island Chain areas in the Southwest Pacific. On the other hand, the US is responding by reinforcing or expanding the First and Second Island Chains and establishing new island chains in the Indian Ocean in order to block China’s maritime expansion.
Contrary to the traditional belief that geopolitics is a factor that limits a nation’s fate, this paper shows that maritime geopolitics is not a fixed picture but a process that constantly changes. In this sense, the author suggests that, given its geopolitical characteristics that are currently cut off from Eurasia due to its military standoff with North Korea, South Korea needs to strategically recognize itself as a ‘maritime nation belonging to the First Island Chain.’

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