RISS 검색 - 국내학술지논문 상세보기

국문 초록 (Abstract)

냉전 시 서독인들로부터 까마득히 잊혀져간 발트해는 왜 아직도 동독인들에게는 청산되지 않은 동독 정부의 만행거리, 주민들의 슬픈 추억거리로 종종 화두로 떠오르나? 동독 정부의 격리...

냉전 시 서독인들로부터 까마득히 잊혀져간 발트해는 왜 아직도 동독인들에게는 청산되지 않은 동독 정부의 만행거리, 주민들의 슬픈 추억거리로 종종 화두로 떠오르나? 동독 정부의 격리체제는 발트해와 그 접경지역의 주민들에게 어떠한 영향을 미쳤는가? 동독인들은 냉전시대의 분리된 발트해를 어떻게 회상하고 있는가?
이러한 질문에 답하기 위해 본 연구는 주로 네 가지 주제에 천착했다. 첫째, 1952년부터 1989년까지 동독 정부가 내부적으로는 사회주의 이념강화, 그리고 외부적으로는 독립적인 신생국가로 인정받기 위해 “발트해”란 단어를 어떻게 포장하여 사용했는지 살펴보았다. 둘째, 1952년 동독 발트해에서 일어난 ‘장미활동Aktion Rose’을 통해 동독정부가 수 세기 동안 독일인들과 북유럽인들의 고급 휴향지인 발트해 주변을 어떻게 강제적으로 공영화 했는지 추적했다.
셋째, 1958년부터 1972년까지 로스토크에서 해마다 개최된 ‘발트해 주간 Ostseewoche’은 동독이 외교적으로 입지를 굳히는데 큰 역할을 했는데, ‘발트해 주간’ 행사를 위해 투입된 로스토크Rostock와 퀴흘룽스보른Kühlungsborn의 상황을 바탕으로 동독의 외교적 취지와 상반된 내부적인 갈등을 분석했다. 마지막으로 1961년 설치된 베를린 장벽을 전환점으로 육지경계선과 겹겹이 봉쇄된 발트해 접경지역을 지켰던 ‘국경수비대 해안’의 역할과 영역을 분석했다. 아울러 봉쇄되고 겹겹이 외부로부터 차단된 발트해 접경지역의 주민들은 과연 어떠한 삶을 살았는지, 그들에게는 발트해가 어떠한 기억으로 남아있는지를 인터뷰, 기록영화 그리고 언론자료들을 통해 살펴보았다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article deals with the paradox function of the Baltic Sea in East Germany (DDR in the German acronym) between 1949 and 1989.
The Baltic Sea, divided by the Iron Curtain with military forces stationed on either side has been a sea of conflicts and dividing lines. At the same time, it has been required to play the ‘Sea of Peace’ and ‘Sea of the public’ roles.
In 1953, when the regime promoted tourism on the Baltic Sea for recovering its social - and economic situation, many of the hotels were seized by the government, taken from their private owners under the codename ‘Aktion Rose’. For being the ‘Sea of the public’, all the confiscated hotels were converted into either FDGB (Free German Trade Union Federation) or DDR regime"s vacation premises.
The ‘Ostseewoche Baltic Week’ between 1958 and 1975, demonstrates how the DDR regime invested considerable resources for gaining external political allowance while the population was suffering from economic and resource shortages.
More than 4.6 million people moved from East Germany to West Germany (BRD in the West German acronym) after WWII in 1945 to German reunification in 1990. The DDR regime tried to halt the mass flight of its people with the barriers in Berlin, the 1400 km inner-German border and 640km sea border with barbed wire, land-mines and standing orders to shoot. Villages near the inner-German border, and sea border system, were heavily-guarded and separated from the outside world. From year to year, the border became more impassable. With tremendous effort, the DDR tried to prevent ‘Republikflucht (fleeing the republic)’.
Although much attention has focused on dramatic and ingenious methods of escaping the Berlin Wall and inner-German borders, only a smallish number of attempted escapes were reported through the Baltic Sea.
The Baltic Border coastline was guarded by the ‘Grenzkommando ‘Küste’’ headquartered in Rostock, as well as through civil surveillance, with the help of Stasi, local authorities and border volunteers. For nearly 40 years residents and visitors had to endure a special control system that intended to prevent escape attempts. Strict laws regulated everyday life and tourism activities at the Baltic Border.
The last part of this article deals with the Baltic Sea as an invisible sea border and with people"s emotional feelings about their daily lives in the Baltic Sea border villages.
It remains necessary to remind ourselves of the contradictory role of the Baltic Sea on the one hand as a part of the DDR external propaganda, while on the other hand, as a place which specifically commemorates the division of Germany and its victims.

목차 (Table of Contents)

I. Introduction
Ⅱ. Separation and Barriers of East and West Germany
Ⅲ. The overview of the Baltic Sea border Areas
Ⅳ. Conclusion
Bibliography

I. Introduction
Ⅱ. Separation and Barriers of East and West Germany
Ⅲ. The overview of the Baltic Sea border Areas
Ⅳ. Conclusion
Bibliography
국문초록
Abstract

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 정문수, "해항도시 네트워크가 구성하는 ‘발트해 지역’" 한국독일언어문학회 (42) : 233-251, 2008

2 Müller, Bodo, "Über die Ostsee in die Freiheit, Dramatische Fluchtgeschichten" Delius Klasing 1996

3 "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/6._Grenzbrigade_K%C3%BCste"

4 "http://www.kleiner-grenzverkehr.de/chronologie_der_grenze.htm"

5 "http://www.goetherutheneum.de/schueler/semifach/flucht/situation/grenzaufbau.html"

6 "http://www.bpb.de/izpb/9766/gesellschaft-und-alltag-in-der-ddr?p=all"

7 Muschik, Alexander, "Zeitgeschichte regional – Mitteilungen aus Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Band 11" 2007

8 Seegers, Lu, "Zeitgeschichte regional – Mitteilungen aus Mecklenburg- Vorpommern, Band 11" 2007

9 Bedürfig, Friedemann, "Wissen auf einen Blick, Geschichte der DDR" Naumann&Göbel Verlagsgesellschaft GmbH 1990

10 "Transitverkehr durch die DDR"