한국의 테러방지법제의 분석과 개선방안 = An Analysis and Improvement of Anti-Terrorism Act

국문 초록 (Abstract)

테러방지법이 공포되고 시행령이 입법 예고된 이후 테러 대응을 명분으로 국정원의 권한에 대한점, 헌법상 국가긴급권 발동에나 가능한 민간에 대한 군사투입 등이 규정되었다는 점, 대테러센터의 권한과 조직 등이 법률뿐 아니라 시행령에서조차 포괄적이고 불명확하게 정해진 점 등에 대해서논란이 되고 있다. 헌법은 국민의 기본권보장을 위해 평상시가 아닌 비상사태에서도 국가권력의 비상적 발동요건을 엄격히 규정하고, 모든 법령은 이러한 헌법의 테두리와 한계를 벗어날 수 없으며, 현재 진행되고 있는 테러방지법 및 시행령과 관련한 논란에서도 이러한 원칙이 적용된다.
본 논문에서는 테러방지법과 동시행령과 규칙의 주요 내용과 쟁점을 분석함으로써 향후 대테러정책을 수립, 실행해 나가는데 개선해야할 정책적 방안을 제시하고자 한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

On September 11, 2001 a general consensus for counterterrorism activities was reached. However the dilemma of human rights infringement and fundamental citizen rights versus enacting an anti-terrorism act to protect national security and safety of citizens has not been fully resolved. Here we analyze the major points of the act and its legal basis and discuss for counterterrorism systems.
The necessity for a stronger anti-terrorism organization cannot be denied, and the need for a more efficient information sharing system between various parties needs was explored by examining the case in the United States (CIA and United States Attorney’s Office) and Switzerland (Federal Police and Federal Prosecutors).
National Intelligence Service Korea can collect information, but close information sharing with prosecutor’s office at early stages is currently lacking. On the other hand human rights must also remain protected. The unclarity in the concept of “terrorist threat” will be addressed. Privacy and freedom of expression may be oppressed by abusive intelligence collection, and corresponding measures in foreign countries will be explored.
Further, improvements needed to respond to new forms of terrorism will be discussed. Legislation and strengthened international cooperation in response to cyberterrorism is necessary. The current regulations on National Cyber Safety Management is insufficient in the face of attacks such as the 2009 DDos attack and various North Korean cyberterrorists. Current measures and their improvement will be discussed.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 국가정보원, "테러방지에 관한 외국의 법률 및 국제협약"