Parametric study on a simplified model for the estimation of the heating and the cooling loads of a closed-span greenhouse: a case study in Korea

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The modeling of greenhouse heating and cooling loads at the required operating conditions is important for greenhouse managers or planners. However, the conventional model for the greenhouse thermal load prediction is complex for staff without sufficient academic background. Therefore, a steady-state simplified model based on the estimation of related heat transfer parameters was developed to predict the hourly heating and cooling requirements of the closed greenhouses in Korea and the Northeastern Asian region. In the suggested approach, the thermal load was simplified as a function of greenhouse size, the temperature difference between the setting indoor temperature and the ambient temperature, total horizontal solar radiation, overall heat transfer coefficient, and the fraction factor of solar conversion. Except the designed parameters and the climatic variables, the overall heat transfer coefficient and the fraction factor of the solar conversion were restored using an inverse procedure based on a linear regression approach, which was assessed with synthetic data calculated using the TRNSYS software. The climatic data from meteonorm assisted the simulations for six Northeastern Asian locations. The short-term load profiles and the monthly thermal energy consumptions from eight case studies with different greenhouse sizes and locations were validated with the TRNSYS solutions. The mean bias error and the coefficient of variation of the root-mean-square-error of annual loads were controlled within 5 % and 11 %, respectively.
Satisfactory results suggested that the simplified model could be used for the greenhouse thermal load estimation especially in Korea and the Northeastern Asian region. However, the model should be tested with more regions in future work for extensive applications.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 V. P. Sethi, "Thermal modeling of a green house integrated to an aquifer coupled cavity flow heat exchanger system" 81 (81): 723-741, 2007

2 V. P. Sethi, "Survey and evaluation of heating technologies for worldwide agricultural greenhouse applications" 82 (82): 832-859, 2018

3 A. M. Abdel-Ghany, "Solar energy utilization by a greenhouse: general relations" 36 (36): 189-196, 2011

4 M. A. Abdel-Ghany, "Solar energy conversions in the greenhouses" 1 (1): 219-226, 2011

5 H. G. Mobtaker, "Solar energy conservation in greenhouse: thermal analysis and experimental validation" 96 : 509-519, 2016

6 H. G. Mobtaker, "Simulation of thermal performance of solar greenhouse in north-west of Iran: an experimental validation" 135 : 88-97, 2019

7 G. Pagliarini, "Restoration of the building hourly space heating and cooling loads from the monthly energy consumption" 49 : 348-355, 2012

8 "Multizone Building modeling with Type56 and TRNBuild"

9 I. M. Al-Helal, "Modified thermal model to predict the natural ventilation of greenhouses" 99 : 1-8, 2015

10 E. Mashonjowa, "Modelling the thermal performance of a naturally ventilated greenhouse in Zimbabwe using a dynamic greenhouse climate model" 91 : 381-393, 2013

11 A. Ganguly, "Model development and experimental validation of a floriculture greenhouse under natural ventilation" 41 (41): 521-527, 2009

12 Diop, Souleymane, "Measurement and Comparison of Overall Heat Transfer Coefficients for Greenhouse Covering Materials with Thermal Screens" 한국농공학회 56 (56): 41-51, 2014

13 M. Canakci, "Heating requirement and its costs in greenhouse structures: a case study for Mediterranean region of Turkey" 24 : 483-490, 2013

14 M. De Rosa, "Heating and cooling building energy demand evaluation; a simplified model and a modified degree days approach" 128 : 217-229, 2014

15 O. Ozgener, "Experimental performance analysis of a solar assisted ground-source heat pump greenhouse heating system" 37 (37): 101-110, 2005

16 M. Esen, "Experimental evaluation of using various renewable energy sources for heating a greenhouse" 65 : 340-351, 2013

17 D. Crawley, "EnergyPlus: creating a new-generation building energy simulation program" 33 : 319-331, 2011

18 A. Vadiee, "Energy management strategies for commercial greenhouses" 114 : 880-888, 2014

19 J. Chen, "Energy demand forecasting of the greenhouses using nonlinear models based on model optimized prediction method" 174 : 1087-1100, 2015

20 N. Natasa, "Energy cost models for air supported sports hall in cold climates considering energy efficiency" 84 : 56-64, 2015

21 Y. Shen, "Energy consumption prediction of a greenhouse and optimization of daily average temperature" 11 (11): 65-, 2018

22 M. Djevic, "Energy consumption for different greenhouse constructions" 34 (34): 1325-1331, 2009

23 A. Vadiee, "Energy analysis and thermoeconomic assessment of the closed greenhouse - the largest commercial solar building" 102 : 1256-1266, 2013

24 C. Stanciu, "Effect of greenhouse orientation with respect to E-W axis on its required heating and cooling loads" 85 : 498-504, 2016

25 M. S. Ahamed, "Development of a thermal model for simulation of supplemental heating requirements in Chinese-style solar greenhouses" 150 : 235-244, 2018

26 A. Rasheed, "Development of a model to calculate the overall heat transfer coefficient of greenhouse covers" 15 (15): 2017

27 P. Shen, "Development of a lightweight building simulation tool using simplified zone thermal coupling for fast parametric study" 223 : 188-214, 2018

28 D. Yan, "DeST - an integrated building simulation toolkit, part I: fundamentals" 1 (1): 95-110, 2008

29 A. Nemś, "Analysis of the possibilities of using a heat pump for greenhouse heating in Polish climatic conditions-a case study" 10 (10): 3483-, 2018

30 R. H. E. Hassanien, "Advanced applications of solar energy in agricultural greenhouses" 54 : 989-1001, 2016

31 L. Semple, "A techno-economic analysis of seasonal thermal energy storage for greenhouse applications" 154 : 175-187, 2017

32 Sung Lee, "A study on the energy efficiency improvement of greenhouses – with a focus on the theoretical and experimental analyses" 대한기계학회 26 (26): 3331-3338, 2012

33 D. Lin, "A simplified method to predict hourly building cooling load for urban energy planning" 58 : 281-291, 2013

34 M. S. Ahamed, "A quasi-steady state model for predicting the heating requirements of conventional greenhouses in cold regions" 5 (5): 33-46, 2018

35 S. Moretti, "A photovoltaic greenhouse with passive variation in shading by fixed horizontal pv panels" 12 (12): 3269-, 2019