조직과 개인특성이 직무적합성을 통해 경력몰입과 경력만족에 미치는 영향 = The Impact of Organizational and Personal Characteristics on the Person-Job Fit, Career Commitment and Career Satisfaction

국문 초록 (Abstract)

기존 연구는 경력에 있어 임금, 승진, 직급과 같은 객관적인 가치뿐만 아니라 경력에서 느끼는 개인의 심리적인 주관적 가치에도 관심을 기울여야 한다는 것을 시사한다. 이러한 선행 연구결과를 바탕으로 이 연구는 경력몰입과 경력만족에 있어 조직특성과 개인특성이 어떠한 영향을 미치는가와 그러한 관계에서 직무적합성의 매개효과를 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 서울에 소재한 전자산업 분야의 대기업인 A기업에 소속된 근무연한 3년 이상, 사무직 232명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문지에는 조직특성 변인으로 상사의 지원과 성장기회가, 개인특성 변인으로는 자아존중감과 고용가능성이 사용되었고, 직무적합성, 경력몰입과 경력만족 변인이 포함되었다. 연구 결과 첫째, 조직특성은 경력몰입과 경력만족에 정(+)의 유의미한 영향을 미치고, 개인특성은 경력몰입과 경력만족에 직접적인 영향을 주지 못하였다. 둘째, 직무적합성에는 개인특성만이 정(+)의 유의미한 관계를 보여주는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 직무적합성은 경력몰입에 정(+)의 유의미한 영향을 미치는 반면, 경력만족에는 아무런 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 넷째, 직무적합성은 개인특성과 경력몰입간의 관계를 매개를 하고 있다. 이론적인 면에서 이 연구는 조직특성이 경력몰입과 경력만족에 영향을 미치는 인과모형뿐만 아니라 개인특성이 직무적합성을 매개로 경력몰입에 영향을 주는 인과모형을 제시하였다. 실무적으로는 조직차원의 경력에 대한 제도와 지원을 일반 사무직에게까지 확대해야 할 필요성을 확인하였다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 시사점과 연구의 한계 그리고 향후 연구방향이 논의되었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to reveal the impact of organizational and personal characteristics on the person-job fit, career commitment and career satisfaction. This study will verify the relationship between organizational, personal characteristics and career-related variables. And that these relations would be mediated by person-job fit. The structural equation model of the study was tested by analyzing data from 232 employees. SPSS 15.0 and AMOS 7.0 were used to verify the research model. The results proves the organizational characteristics had an effect on career-related variables. But personal characteristics had no statistically significant support to career commitment and career satisfaction. Secondly, organizational characteristics is positively related to person-job fit, Thirdly, person-job fit had an effect on career commitment but, had no statistically significant support to career satisfaction. Finally, person-job fit mediates the relation between personal characteristics and career commitment. In this study, implications to academicians and practitioners were discussed.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 김영화, "호텔종사원의 직무특성과 직무만족, 경력몰입, 이직의도 및 경력변경의도와의 관계 연구" 대한관광경영학회 24 (24): 65-86, 2009

2 김용철, "호텔종사원의 성장욕구, 직업존중감이 경력몰입과 고객지향성에 미치는 영향" 대한경영학회 22 (22): 3831-3849, 2009

3 조경희, "호텔기업에 있어 경력특성과 경력몰입의 관계에 있어고용형태와 근무환경의 조절효과" 한국관광연구학회 19 (19): 243-260, 2005

4 최우성, "호텔 종사원에 있어 직무특성이 경력몰입과 조직구성원의 태도에 미치는 영향 -고용형태의 조절효과-" (사)한국관광레저학회 17 (17): 77-95, 2005

5 박성민, "해외주재원 귀임교육이 귀임적응에 미치는 영향" 한국기업교육학회 13 (13): 75-98, 2011

6 이재규, "직무적합성이 직무만족과 갈등관리방법에 미치는 영향" 23 (23): 313-338, 1994

7 장은주, "주관적 경력성공의 결정요인에 관한 연구" 한국인사조직학회 12 (12): 77-104, 2004

8 박경규, "조직에 대한 직무배태성(Job Embeddedness)과 이직의도간의 관계" 한국경영학회 33 (33): 1423-1439, 2004

9 허명숙, "조직구성원의 개인특성 및 과업특성과 직무만족과의 관계: 이타성과 지식공유의 매개적 역할" 대한경영학회 21 (21): 2711-2749, 2008

10 권두승, "조직, 직무, 개인적 특성이 사회교육 담당자의 직무만족도와 조직헌신도에 미치는 영향" 2 (2): 217-243, 1996

11 고현철, "연구개발 조직구성원의 이중몰입(Dual commitment)에 관한 연구 : 조직몰입과 경력몰입을 중심으로" 연세대학교 대학원 2004

12 위영은, "사회 연결망에서의 무형식학습 연구: A병원행정조직을 중심으로" 한국농·산업교육학회 42 (42): 149-173, 2010

13 이만기, "멘토역량과 조직몰입의 관계에서 멘토링 기능의 매개효과에 관한 연구" 한국직업능력개발원 11 (11): 169-190, 2008

14 박원우, "동일방법편의(Common Method Bias)의 원인과 해결방안" 한국인사조직학회 15 (15): 89-133, 2007

15 이영민, "기업의 인적자원 환경이 재직자의 직무만족과 조직몰입에 미치는 영향" 한국기업교육학회 10 (10): 59-78, 2008

16 서경민, "기업구성원의 경력개발지원과 고용가능성에 대한 인식이 직무유효성에 미치는 영향 : 조직몰입, 경력몰입의 매개효과" 고려대학교 대학원 2010

17 이학식, "구조방정식 모형분석과 AMOS 18.0/19.0" 집현재 2011

18 김상욱, "공공부문과 민간부문의 직업몰입 및 조직몰입: 사회복지직의 사례" 한국사회학회 36 (36): 4-22, 2002

19 이기은, "경력몰입의 결정요인과 효과에 관한 연구" 9 (9): 177-214, 2001

20 이기은, "경력몰입의 결정요인과 경력몰입이 구성원의 태도에 미치는 영향 : 연구전문직 종사자를 대상으로" 서강대학교 대학원 2000

21 최무현, "경력개발제도(CDP)와 공직구조 효율화 방안" 2006 (2006): 227-255, 2006

22 장은주, "개인특성 및 사회적 자본과 경력성공 - 한･미 여성관리자 비교연구 -" 한국비서학회 17 (17): 27-48, 2008

23 이상진, "개인의 경력닻이 경력몰입에 미치는 영향" 한국평생교육ㆍHRD연구소 5 (5): 1-27, 2009

24 탁진국, "개인-직무 부합의 선행변인과 이직의도와의 관계: 신입사원을 중심으로" 한국산업및조직심리학회 20 (20): 459-473, 2007

25 Aryee, S., "Work and non-work influences on the career satisfaction of dual-earner couples" 49 (49): 38-52, 1996

26 Hennequin, E., "What "career success" means to blue-collar workers" 12 (12): 565-581, 2007

27 김수경, "Travel agency employees' career commitment and turnover intention during the recent global economic crisis" ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS 32 (32): 1247-1264, 2012

28 Mezirow, J., "Transformative dimensions of adult learning" Jossey-Bass 1991

29 London, M., "Toward a theory of career motivation" 8 (8): 620-630, 1983

30 Fried, Y., "The validity of the job characteristics model: A review and meta-analysis" 40 (40): 287-322, 1987

31 Gutierrez, A. P., "The structural relationships between organizational commitment, global job satisfaction, developmental experiences, work values, organizational support, and person-organization fit among nursing faculty" 1-14, 2012

32 Whitely, W. T., "The relationship of career mentoring to early career outcomes" 14 (14): 419-441, 1993

33 Boon, C., "The relationship between perceptions of HR practices and employee outcomes: Examining the role of person-organisation and person-job" 22 (22): 138-162, 2011

34 Lam, S. S. K., "The relationship between external job mobility and salary attainment across career stages" 80 (80): 129-136, 2012

35 Kalyal, H. J., "The moderating role of employability on the relationship between job insecurity and commitment to change" 31 (31): 327-344, 2010

36 Breaugh, J. A., "The measurement of work autonomy" 38 (38): 551-570, 1985

37 Blau, G. J., "The measurement and prediction of career commitment" 58 (58): 277-288, 1985

38 Hackman, J. R., "The job diagnostic survey: An instrument for the diagnosis of jobs and the evaluation of job redesign projects" Yale Univ. New Haven CT Dept. of Administrative Sciences

39 Seibert, S. E., "The five-factor model of personality and career success" 58 (58): 1-21, 2001

40 Riordan, C. M., "The effects of per-entry experiences and socialization tactics on newcomer attitudes and turnover" 13 (13): 159-176, 2001

41 Orpen, C., "The effects of organizational and individual career management on career success" 15 (15): 27-37, 1994

42 McQuaid, R. W., "The concept of employability" 42 (42): 197-219, 2005

43 Spurk, D., "The career satisfaction scale: Longitudinal measurement invariance and latent growth analysis" 84 (84): 315-326, 2011

44 Arthur, M. B., "The boundaryless career: A new perspective for organizational inquiry" 15 (15): 295-306, 1994

45 DeFillippi, R. J., "The boundaryless career: A competency-based perspective" 15 (15): 307-324, 1994

46 Blau, G. J., "Testing the generalizability of career commitment measure and its impact on employee turnover" 35 (35): 88-103, 1989

47 Jiang, J. J., "Supervisor support and career anchor impact on the entry-level IS professionals' career satisfaction" 16 (16): 219-240, 1999

48 Anderson, J. C., "Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach" 103 (103): 411-423, 1988

49 Ashforth, B. E., "Socialization tactics: Longitudinal effects on newcomer adjustment" 39 (39): 149-178, 1996

50 Cable, D. M., "Socialization tactics and person-organization fit" 54 (54): 1-23, 2001

51 Korman, A. K., "Self-esteem as a moderator of the relationship between self-perceived abilities and vocational choice" 51 (51): 65-67, 1967

52 Kammeyer-Mueller, J. D., "Self-esteem and extrinsic career success: Test of a dynamic model" 57 (57): 204-224, 2008

53 McDonald, K. S., "Reviving the relevance of career development in human resource development" 4 (4): 418-439, 2008

54 London, M., "Relationships between career motivation, empowerment and support for career development" 66 (66): 55-69, 1993

55 Thompson, C. A., "Relationships among organizational family support, job autonomy, perceived control, and employee well-being" 10 (10): 100-118, 2005

56 차종석, "R&D 인력을 위한 인적자원 관리 : 개인-조직 적합 모형을 중심으로" 韓國科學技術院 1999

57 Baugh, S. G., "Professional and organizational commitment among engineers: Conflicting or complementing?" 41 (41): 108-114, 1994

58 Ng, T. W. H., "Predictors of objective and subjective career success: A meta-analysis" 58 (58): 367-408, 2005

59 Sprogøe, J., "Practicing induction: A generative dance between newcomers and organizations" 3 (3): 47-66, 2009

60 Judge, T. A., "Political influence behavior and career success" 20 (20): 43-65, 1994

61 Civelli, F., "Personal competencies, organizational competencies, and employability" 30 (30): 48-52, 1998

62 Rhoades, L., "Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature" 87 (87): 698-714, 2002

63 Armstrong-Stassen, M., "Perceived organizational support, career satisfaction, and the retention of older workers" 82 (82): 201-220, 2009

64 O’Reilly, C. A. III., "People and organizational culture: A profile comparison approach to assessing person-organization fit" 34 (34): 487-516, 1991

65 Stinglhamber, F., "Organizations and supervisors as sources of support and targets of commitment: A longitudinal study" 24 (24): 251-270, 2003

66 Sturges, J., "Organizational support, individual attributes, and the practice of career self-management behavior" 35 (35): 108-141, 2010

67 Bauer, T. N., "Organizational socialization: The effective onboarding of new employees, In APA handbook of industrial and organizational psychology, Vol 3: Maintaining, expanding, and contracting the organization" American Psychological Association 51-64, 2011

68 Chao, G. T., "Organizational socialization: Its content and consequences" 79 (79): 730-743, 1994

69 Tharenou, P., "Organizational correlates of employee self-esteem" 67 (67): 797-805, 1982

70 Baurch, Y., "Organizational career planning and management techniques and activities in use in high-tech organizations" 1 (1): 40-49, 1996

71 Zhang, Y., "Organizational antecedents of employee perceived organizational support in china: A grounded investigation" 23 (23): 422-466, 2012

72 Pierce, J. L., "Organization-based self-esteem: Construct definition, measurement, and validation" 32 (32): 622-648, 1989

73 Bauer, T. N., "Newcomer adjustment during organizational socialization: A meta-analytic review of antecedents, outcomes, and methods" 92 (92): 707-721, 2007

74 Otte, F., "Long-range career planning during turbulent times" 38 (38): 1-5, 1995

75 Korte, R., "Learning how things work here: The socialization of newcomers in organizations, In Supporting workplace learning: Toward evidence-based practice" Springer Netherlands 129-146, 2011

76 Starbuck, W. H., "Learning by knowledge-intensive firms" 29 (29): 713-740, 1992

77 Phillips, A. S., "Leader-follower exchange quality: The role of personal and interpersonal attributes" 37 (37): 990-1001, 1994

78 De Cuyper, N., "Job insecurity and employability in fix-term contractors, agency workers, and permanent workers: Associations with job satisfaction and affective organizational commitment" 14 (14): 193-205, 2009

79 Arthur, M. B., "Intelligent enterprise, intelligent careers" 9 (9): 7-20, 1995

80 May, G. L., "Incorporating a career planning lab into a managerial communications course" 68 (68): 345-357, 2005

81 Johnson, C. D., "In search of traditional and contemporary career success: What's an african american male to do?" The University of Gerogia. 2001

82 Blau, G. J., "Further exploring the meaning and measurement of career commitment" 32 (32): 284-297, 1988

83 Dries, N., "Exploring four generations' beliefs about career is "satisfied" the new "successful"?" 23 (23): 907-928, 2008

84 Iverson, R. D., "Employee to intent to stay: An empirical test of a revision of the price and mueller model" University of Iowa. 1992

85 Hackman, J. R., "Employee reactions to job characteristics" 55 (55): 259-286, 1971

86 Greenhaus, J. H., "Effects of race on organizational experience, job performance evaluations, and career outcomes" 33 (33): 64-86, 1990

87 Jiang, J. J., "Effects of downsizing policies on IS survivors' attitude and career management" 38 (38): 35-45, 2000

88 Lauver, K. J., "Distinguishing between employees' perceptions of person-job and person-organization fit" 59 (59): 454-470, 2001

89 Kristof-Brwon, A., "Consequences of individuals' fit at work: A meta-analysis of person-job, person-organization, person-group, and person-supervisor fit" 58 (58): 281-342, 2005

90 Heslin, P. A., "Conceptualizing and evaluating career success" 26 (26): 113-136, 2005

91 이정연, "Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies" AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC 88 (88): 879-903, 200310

92 Darden, W. R., "Career versus organizational commitment: Antecedents and consequences of retail salespeoples' commitment" 65 (65): 80-106, 1989

93 Arthur, M. B., "Career success in a boundaryless career world" 26 (26): 177-202, 2005

94 Feldman, D. C., "Career plateaus in the salesforce: Understanding and removing blockages to employee growth" 8 (8): 23-32, 1988

95 Kuijpers, M. A. C. T., "Career competencies for career success" 55 (55): 168-178, 2006

96 Colarelli, S. M., "Career commitment: Functions, correlates, and management" 15 (15): 158-176, 1990

97 Carson, K. D., "Career commitment: Construction of a measure and examination of its psychometric properties" 44 (44): 237-262, 1994

98 Cherniss, C., "Career commitment in human service professionals: A biographical study" 44 (44): 415-419, 1991

99 Bedeian, A. G., "Career commitment and expected utility of present job as predictors of turnover intentions and turnover behavior" 39 (39): 331-342, 1991

100 Little, J. W., "Career and commitment in the context of comprehensive school reform" 8 (8): 345-354, 2002

101 Duffy, R. D., "Calling and wok-related outcomes: Career commitment as a mediator" 78 (78): 210-218, 2011

102 Allen, T. D., "Beyond mentoring: Alternative sources and functions of developmental support" 51 (51): 346-355, 2003

103 Aryee, S., "Antecedents and outcomes of career commitment" 40 (40): 288-305, 1992

104 Greenhaus, J. H., "An investigation of the role of career salience in vocational behavior" 1 (1): 209-216, 1971

105 Aryee, S., "An investigation of the predictors and outcomes of career commitment in three career stages" 44 (44): 1-16, 1994

106 Noe, R. A., "An investigation of the correlates of career motivation" 37 (37): 340-356, 1990

107 Judge, T. A., "An empirical investigation of the predictors of executive career success" 1-39, 1994

108 Hall, D. T., "A theoretical model of career subidentity development in organizational settings" 6 (6): 50-76, 1971

109 Greenhaus, J. H., "A Factorial investigation of career salience" 3 (3): 95-98, 1973