신경림 시의 로컬리티 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article approaches to Sin Gyeong-Rim’s literature with locality that has been the major issue in cultural research since the 1990’s in order to confirm the essence and nature of his poetry lie in locality and figure out what is ultimately pursued by it. Looking into Sin Gyeong-Rim’s poems, we can find the places he has visited are not cities, downtowns, or central areas but old and inactive countryside backwoods or poor regions in the Third World. Most of his poems talk about the people in the periphery areas and experiences there, and the stories expose the poet’s awareness about the latent resistance or pursuit of the periphery areas towards the center.
The first way to find locality from literature is to discover locality as a concrete and empirical place. The second way is to consider how the poet makes the locality into a place and gives it a meaning as a place showing historicity as well as difference. And the last way is to explore how the poet reproduces the locality that has grasped meaning as a place. In order to make the abstract concept of locality into realistic discourse, the poet’s literary embodiment should start from a concrete place of locality and then form a network of men and society. In other words, locality in literature needs to be freed from the limited and restricted geographical border and work as the power of discourse to change the geographical world.
Sin Gyeong-Rim’s realistic life poetry embodies the actual lives of the poor and the warmth from it. Locality is the place where the poor’s concrete aspects of lives can be witnessed, so it should be the place Sin Gyeong-Rim’s literature cannot but pursue. He searches for the value internalized in locality and explores aggressively how the placeness implying it makes the poor’s lives humane.
Based on how the placeness of local changes, the paper examines the locality of Sin Gyeong-Rim’s poetry in the division of modern and postmodern times. First of all, Chapter Ⅱ looks into state-centricism and the loss of place in locality in modern times. State-centrism, the principle of modern times, marginalized locality to the periphery area and made it lose its placeness. In detail, colonialism under Japanese imperialism ignored the historicity of the local place and invaded the living foundation of the locals. And during the colonial era, the locals coped with the risk to lose their local place by forming a community and using their own unique vitality as well as dynamism. In addition, developmentalism in the era of industrialization is the principle excluding locality. This was the crucial reason to make local area into dead space, and because of this, local area came to form non-placeness. Thus, the locals in the era of industrialization headed for ‘Seoul’ leaving their neglected hometown, but they still experienced non-placeness in the shantytowns where they settled down. The non-placeness in the shantytowns of Seoul far away from their own hometown was turned into pathologic symptoms to the locals such as anomie and nostalgia.
Next, Chapter Ⅲ discusses the reproduction of placeness in locality as well as postmodern globalization. The re-territorialization of space which postmodernism brings to us weakens the status of a nation-state and highlights the placeness of locality. The reproduction of local place which forms new discourse to the trend of globalization can be found mostly from Sin Gyeong-Rim’s travel poetry. Here, the place appears as the locality not influenced by globalization yet and the locality losing its identity due to the impact of globalization. The locality not influenced by globalization yet is recognized in Sin Gyeong-Rim’s poetry as positive value. From that locality, the poet discovers the value of ordinary life as well as the landscape of locality from a deconstructive view. And it shows the identity of locality confronting globalization. And in the locality losing its identity on account of the globalization, the non-peripheral poet exposes the cause that has turned locality into the other and suggests place-based culture whose subjects are the locals. The poet’s non-peripherality has roles in deliberating on the problems that the locals have regarding the center within the postmodern globalization, aspects of recognizing the others, and binary opposition internalized in centralistic thinking and solutions for it.
A Study on the locality of Sin Gyeong-Rim’s poetry highlights the new placeness of locality that has been rather more neglected and furthermore can work as a way to resolve centrism which distorts locality as something abnormal. Moreover, interest and pride in local area will lead to the creation of local identity.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• Ⅰ. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구 목적 1
• 2. 연구사 검토 7
• 3. 연구 방법 16
• Ⅱ. 주변 계층의 미시적 역사와 장소 상실의 로컬리티 29
• 1. 중심의 식민화와 ‘남한강’ 의 탈식민성 31
• 1) 일제의 경제 침탈과 장터의 다성적 생명력 33
• 2) 지배 계층의 폭력과 ‘쇠무지벌’의 역동성 42
• 3) 대안적 장소로서의 마을마당과 공동체성 50
• 2. 중심의 산업화와 고향의 주변성 58
• 1) 소읍의 빈곤화와 소외의 서사 60
• 2) 폐촌민의 이향과 ‘서울’의 양가성 69
• 3) 산동네의 무장소성과 이주민의 노스탤지어 78
• Ⅲ. 주변 문화의 탈중심성과 장소 재현의 로컬리티 91
• 1. 재발견되는 로컬의 고유성 93
• 1) 텍스트로서의 마을 경관과 해체적 시선 95
• 2) 제3의 공간이 갖는 일상적 가치 106
• 3) ‘아낙네’와 로컬의 항상성 114
• 2. 세계화에 맞서는 반(半)주변성 127
• 1) 혼종화된 로컬의 정체성 회복 130
• 2) ‘관광객‘의 타자성과 시인의 타자 지향성 148
• 3) 중심성에 대항하는 장소 기반적 문화 161
• Ⅳ. 결 론 179
• <참고 문헌> 183