무성영화시대 상설극장 관현단과 지방순업팀 악사들의 조직구성 및 역할 = The Organizational Composition and Role of Theatrical Orchestra Musicians in the Silent-film Days

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to examine the performance and characteristic of film music in the silent-film days. For this, this study looked into the composition of musicians in permanent theaters, the positions of musicians, the forms of their performance of music, and the organization and activity of musicians in traveling teams who were carrying out their activities in local temporary theaters. The organization and human composition of theatrical orchestra were examined focusing on such permanent theaters for Koreans in Gyeongseong as Danseongsa, Joseon Theater and Umigwan. Study findings are as follows: Each orchestra was composed of about 10 musicians and most of them were former members of governmental (Yiwangjik) Western music band or persons who learned to play musical instruments from Japanese or missionaries. The positions of musicians who belonged to the theatrical orchestra were different by theaters: Danseongsa placed musicians in the foot of the stage, whereas Joseon Theater placed them in the second floor. As for the role of musicians who played film music in theaters, they firsthand performed music in the box of orchestra or played accompaniments for the production of records of film music. In addition, they got in the car and played musical instruments in streets as a propaganda squad of films, or played the role of hurekomi(ふれこみ) of films by attracting passersby from the rooftop of the theater. A traveling team was composed of 2~6 musicians and the kind of traveling teams could be classified into ``an individually organized traveling team``, ``a load film squad`` and ``a motion picture band.`` Their scale and characteristic were slightly different among them, but they were in common in going to countryside and pitching tents temporarily, thus showing a movie in a temporary theater.