여자 중 고등학생의 생활습관 및 식습관에 따른 가당식품 섭취빈도에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study has focused on female middle and high school students and researched their personal background, lifestyle, dietary habits and sweetened food intake frequency to figure out their sweetened food intake level and the influence factor of sweetened food intake, thereby providing the basic data for the nutrition education of sugar intake reduction in teenagers. Therefore, this study conducted a survey targeting female middle and high school students in Eupyeong-gu, Seoul. To sum up, the result of study is as follows.
According to the result of research on sweetened food intake frequency, there is on average 36.4 times of intake per person per week. In the case of female middle school students, there is 41.8 times on average, whereas there is 33.3 times on average for female high school students. Thus, it seems that this result has no significant meaning but it is confirmed that the number of intake of female middle school students is 8.5 times more than that of female high school students. As for the intake frequency by the sweetened food type, female middle school students frequently have the intake of 'sugars'. On the other hand, female high school students frequently have the intake of 'beverages' though. Among 30 main items of sweetened food, 'chocolates' is the most frequent intake for all female middle and high school students. As the result of analysis on sweetened food intake frequency by each factor, the case of students who have lower grades in studies and have more irregular eating habits than the other students is more likely to have sweetened food intake frequently. And also, female middle school students who have no experience of nutrition education have more frequent sweetened food intake than the other student groups. According to the result of correlation analysis between sweetened food intake frequency and each factor, when it comes to more and more PC use, watching TV in weekend, and eating-out and snake intake frequency, it shows that sweetened food intake is becoming more frequent on that account. When the number of having a breakfast is on the rise, however, the number of sweetened food intake is decreased though. As a result of multiple regression analysis in order to research the influence on sweetened food intake frequency by each factor, snake intake frequency, eating-out frequency, academic grades and sweetened flavor preference have a significant influence on sweetened food intake in order of influence.
As a result of this study, it is confirmed that female middle school students are more likely to have a sweetened food intake frequently than female high school students. Especially, in reference to female middle school students, it is showed that the group of students who have an experience of nutrition education has less frequent sweetened food intake than the other group of students who does not. Consequently, it is necessary to conduct the nutrition education related to sweetened food intake for middle school students on that account. Furthermore, on the basis of the result, it is indicated that the experience rate of nutrition education for high school students is very low. Thus, it is necessary to have the nutrition education targeting high school students more frequently. In order to reduce sweetened food intake in teenagers, it is essential to conduct the nutrition education for students to purchase the snacks which are nutritionally balanced and have a proper calorie on the basis of a desirable dietary habits and lifestyle by their own efforts. As sweetened food intake is on the rise depending on stress and sleep satisfaction, it is concluded that the educational policy and the program about stress management and sufficient sleep in teenagers are necessary.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 여자 중·고등학생을 대상으로 개인배경, 생활습관, 식습관 및 가당식품 섭취빈도를 조사하여 청소년의 가당식품 섭취수준과 이들의 가당식품 섭취에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아봄으로써 청소년의 당 섭취 저감화 영양교육을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 서울시 은평구 소재의 여자 중·고등학생을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였고, 연구결과는 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다.
가당식품 섭취빈도조사 결과 1주일을 기준으로 전체 1인 평균 36.4회 섭취하고 있었고, 여중생이 41.8회, 여고생이 33.3회 섭취하고 있어 유의적인 차이는 아니지만 여중생이 여고생보다 약 8.5회 더 섭취하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 가당식품 종류별 섭취빈도에서 여중생은 ‘당류’, 여고생은 ‘음료류’를 가장 빈번하게 섭취하고 있었고, 주요 가당식품 30개 중에서는 여중·여고생 모두 ‘초콜릿’을 제일 빈번하게 섭취하고 있었다. 각 요인에 따른 가당식품 섭취빈도 분석 결과 학업성적이 낮고, 식사를 불규칙적으로 할수록 가당식품을 자주 섭취하고 있었고, 영양교육 수혜 경험이 없는 여중생이 다른 집단보다 가당식품을 자주 섭취하고 있었다. 각 요인과 가당식품 섭취빈도와의 상관분석 결과 PC이용과 TV시청(주말)시간, 외식과 간식섭취횟수가 증가할수록 가당식품을 자주 섭취하는 것으로 나타났으며, 아침식사횟수가 증가할수록 가당식품 섭취횟수가 줄어들었다. 각 요인의 가당식품 섭취빈도에 미치는 영향력을 알아보기 위하여 다중회귀분석 결과 간식섭취횟수, 외식횟수, 학업성적, 단 맛 기호도 순으로 가당식품 섭취에 유의적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.
본 연구결과 여중생이 여고생보다 가당식품을 자주 섭취하였으며, 여중생의 경우 학교에서 영양교육을 받은 집단이 받지 않은 집단에 비해 가당식품 섭취빈도가 낮은 것으로 나타나 중학생을 대상으로 한 당 섭취 관련 영양교육이 필요하다고 사료된다. 또한 본 조사 결과 고등학생의 영양교육 경험률이 매우 낮은 것으로 나타났으므로 고등학생 대상 영양교육이 더 활발히 이루어져야 할 것이다. 청소년의 당 섭취를 줄이기 위해서는 바람직한 식습관과 생활습관을 바탕으로 열량 및 영양적으로 적절한 간식을 스스로 구매할 수 있도록 하는 영양교육이 필요하며, 스트레스와 수면만족도에 따라 당 섭취가 증가하므로 청소년의 스트레스 관리와 충분한 수면을 위한 프로그램과 교육정책이 필요하다고 사료된다.