Water bioengineering techniques : for watercourse bank and shoreline protection

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• List of Colour Plates = ⅸ
• Preface = xii
• Editor's Note = xiii
• Introduction = xvii
• 1 Planning and Implementation = 1
• 1.1 Planning projects to fit into the landscape = 2
• 1.2 Implementing projects in harmony with the natural landscape = 4
• 1.3 Planning of water bioengineering construction = 5
• 2 Water Bioengineering Techniques = 14
• 2.1 Definitions = 14
• 2.2 Function and effects = 14
• 2.3 Live construction materials = 17
• 2.3.1 Species selection = 17
• 2.3.2 Vegetation systems and plant origin = 21
• 2.3.3 Plant propagation = 21
• 2.4 Preliminary work = 25
• 2.5 Selection of bioengineering construction approach and technique = 26
• 2.5.1 Construction timing = 27
• 2.5.2 Limits of application = 27
• 2.6 Construction costs = 28
• 3 Water Bioengineering Systems and Techniques in Water Engineering = 54
• 3.1 Soil protection techniques = 54
• 3.1.1 Turf establishment = 56
• 3.1.2 Grass seeding = 57
• 3.1.2.1 Hayseed seeding = 57
• 3.1.2.2 Standard seeding = 58
• 3.1.2.3 Hydroseeding = 60
• 3.1.2.4 Dry seeding = 61
• 3.1.2.5 Mulch seeding = 61
• 3.1.3 Direct seeding of shrubs and trees = 63
• 3.1.4 Erosion control netting = 65
• 3.1.5 Seed mats = 65
• 3.1.6 Precast concrete cellular blocks = 66
• 3.1.7 Live brush mats = 67
• 3.2 Ground stabilisation techniques = 70
• 3.2.1 Live cuttings = 70
• 3.2.2 Wattle fence and wattles = 71
• 3.2.3 Layer construction = 75
• 3.2.3.1 Hedge layer = 76
• 3.2.3.2 Brush layer = 77
• 3.2.3.3 Hedge-brush layer = 78
• 3.3 Combined construction techniques = 78
• Transverse structures = 79
• 3.3.1 Bank to bank structures = 79
• 3.3.1.1 Gully control with brush work : branch packing = 79
• 3.3.1.2 Palisades = 81
• 3.3.1.3 Live brush sills or submerged weirs = 82
• Brush sills = 82
• Willow fascine sills on brush layer = 84
• Wattle fence sills = 86
• Live wire mesh gabion sills = 87
• Live geotextile cylindrical sills = 89
• Wood sills = 89
• 3.3.1.4 Live barriers = 90
• Crib walls = 90
• Wire gabion barriers = 92
• Dry stone wall barriers = 93
• 3.3.2 Deflectors = 94
• 3.3.2.1 Groynes, dykes and spurs = 95
• 3.3.2.2 Live brush sills = 98
• 3.3.2.3 Brush traverses = 101
• 3.3.2.4 Brush grids = 105
• Longitudinal structures = 108
• 3.3.3 Reed plantings = 108
• 3.3.3.1 Reed single stem or culm plantings = 108
• 3.3.3.2 Reed clump plantings = 112
• 3.3.3.3 Reed rolls = 113
• 3.3.4 Structures with woody plants capable of vegetative propagation = 115
• 3.3.4.1 Stone revetments reinforced with cuttings = 115
• 3.3.4.2 Branch layers = 117
• 3.3.4.3 Live fascines = 119
• 3.3.4.4 Branch packing = 121
• 3.3.4.5 Live river training structures = 123
• Live brush training structures = 123
• Branch layers = 124
• Timber cribs and crib walls = 125
• Live timber frames = 126
• Cylindrical wire baskets = 127
• Geotextile or geogrid reinforced structures = 128
• Flexible bank protection method = 128
• 3.4 Supplementary construction techniques = 129
• 3.4.1 Planting of pot plants and containerised plants = 129
• 3.4.2 Transplantation = 130
• 3.4.3 Planting of root stock divisions = 131
• 3.4.4 Rhizome plantings = 131
• 3.5 Special structures = 142
• 3.5.1 Branch packing = 142
• 3.5.2 Anchored tree mats = 142
• 3.5.3 Live brush dykes = 144
• 4 Bioengineering Techniques in Earth Dam and Floodbank Construction = 145
• 5 Wetland Areas = 152
• 6 Care and Maintenance of Vegetation Along Watercourses = 154
• 6.1 The establishment phase = 154
• 6.2 The development phase = 155
• 6.2.1 Fertilisation = 155
• 6.2.2 Irrigation = 156
• 6.2.3 Soil cultivation = 156
• 6.2.4 Mulching = 156
• 6.2.5 Mowing = 156
• 6.2.6 Pruning = 156
• 6.2.7 Staking and tying = 157
• 6.2.8 Plant protection and prevention of wildlife damage = 157
• 6.3 Maturity = 157
• Glossary = 161
• References = 167
• Further Reading = 171
• Index = 181