The subject of this study is the conflict between the US and China, which began with the US imposing sanctions on Chinese military-related companies involved in ‘military-civil fusion’ and led to the expansion of export controls and investment res...
The subject of this study is the conflict between the US and China, which began with the US imposing sanctions on Chinese military-related companies involved in ‘military-civil fusion’ and led to the expansion of export controls and investment restrictions on cutting-edge technology. China's military-civil fusion came from a strategy to strengthen China's national defense capabilities and secure advanced military technology. The military-civil fusion was developed in the tradition of organic combination of the military and civilians in terms of economy and security during the development of New China. The military-civil fusion has become a comprehensive national development strategy of the Xi Jinping regime. The military-civil fusion is embodied in the policy of securing and commercializing cutting-edge military science and technology in the economy and security through a close network of China's military, industry, academia, and research institutions, corporations.
Feeling a sense of crisis over China's overall development, the Trump administration began to impose full-fledged sanctions on Chinese companies related to the Chinese military for security reasons, aiming at China's 'military-civil fusion' development. The United States is strengthening diplomatic efforts to exclude China from advanced science and technology and global supply chains through the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) and the Chips and Science Act during the Biden administration. While insisting on competing in good faith while avoiding military clashes with China, US is stepping up its blockade of China's acquisition of cutting-edge science and technology.
Amid the US sanctions situation, China is also taking retaliatory measures through the Anti-Foreign Sanctions Act and the Anti-Espionage Act. China argues that the U.S.
unilateral and self-first behavior is disrupting the global supply chain and the interdependent multilateral international order. China is strengthening its policy of self-reliance in cutting-edge science and technology in response to US corporate sanctions and technology blockade. As conflicts in the trade and economic sectors are mixed with the security and military sectors, the competition for hegemony between the United States and China over cutting-edge military technology is expected to intensify.