A number of incidents and cases take place in various forms when peoples from two different Koreas lead their life together in Gaesung Industrial Complex, where a large number of South Koreans stay while they don't in any other region of North Korea. ...
A number of incidents and cases take place in various forms when peoples from two different Koreas lead their life together in Gaesung Industrial Complex, where a large number of South Koreans stay while they don't in any other region of North Korea. As criminal cases involving violation of administrative law in the Gaesung Industrial Complex occurred in increasing numbers, establishing a theoretical foundation became essential to deal with those cases. And it is required to analyze various legal issues raised when determining laws to be applied to them. This matter incorporates difficult legal issues and/or legal considerations, particularly constitutional interpretation, distinct characteristics of South-North relation, features of the North Korean law, binding force of North Korean Special Act for the Gaesung Industrial Complex, relation between nationality principle and administrative penalty under South Korean Criminal Law, legislative purpose of individual administrative penalty provisions and whether to recognize intention of person to whom those provisions will apply or not. This treatise adopts International Criminal Law Application Theory’ as a basis for the application of South Korean Criminal law to cases taking place in Gaesung Industrial Complex. In other words, Gaesung Industrial Complex is regarded as a region equivalent to foreign country in ‘the Gaesung Industrial Complex-related legal relation’ as a representative of normative domain where the North takes action to cooperate as a counterpart in bringing about the peaceful reunification of the two Koreas. Also, for the North Korea's special Act regarding Gaesung Industrial Complex, its binding force is to be acknowledged as equivalent to foreign laws. Even when adopting The Analogical Application of ‘International Criminal Law Theory’, taking account of the feature of ‘administrative criminal law’ which shows a substantial difference in normative nature and structure with those of general ‘criminal law’, there still exist an important issue whether general application of the South's ‘administrative criminal law’ to Gaesung Industrial Complex is acceptable. In accordance with a resonable legal interpretation, limited application of the South's ‘administrative criminal law’ seems to be appropriate. In this treatise, academic and practical views on the criteria for its limited application are introduced particularly ‘Complementary Application in the Absence of North Korean Law - Theory’, ‘Limited Application Based on Legal Interest Protected - Theory’, ‘Limited Application Based on Comprehensive Consideration Including of Legislative Purpose and Aim - Theory' and analysis of pros and cons of each follows. By drawing a result on the basis of this analysis in the way of applying those individual views, this treatise tests which view reaches the most resonable conclusion. I expect that there will be many and lively discussions on this area.