업무적 및 사회적 그룹일체성에 영향을 미치는 사무공간 디자인 특성 고찰 = Effects of Workplace Design Features on Task and Social Group Cohesiveness

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The workplace environment has rapidly evolved in response to changing technologies, organizational contexts, demographic changes, etc. Open offices with panel based systems have often provided rigid workspaces, which are insufficient to support growing needs of collaborative activities and individual activities simultaneously. Flexible workplace strategy has been emphasized to increase informal communication and collaborative works, and to contribute to group cohesiveness without sacrificing individual works and privacy. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of physical environmental features such as existence of a designated shared space for a team, and flexible arrangement of workstation, movable office systems, and openness/accessibility for individual workstation, on group cohesiveness. Questionnaire items were developed for this study. Questionnaires were distributed to office employees working in manufacturing corporate in Michigan, U.S.A. Usable 384 questionnaire were analyzed for this study using SPSS 12. Site visits were also conducted. Employees who work in a team are likely to have higher task group cohesiveness. Participants who have a designated shared space have higher social group cohesiveness than people who do not have one. The degree of enclosure of the designated shared space is positively related to social group cohesiveness. However, the degree of enclosure is not related to task group cohesiveness. The results found that flexible work environmental features are positively related to task group cohesiveness but not to social group cohesiveness. Different from expectation, openness and accessibility were not significantly related to either task group cohesiveness or social group cohesiveness.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "업무집중 및 커뮤니케이션 행태를 중심으로 한 오피스레이아웃 유형에 관한 연구" 29-382004, 2004

2 "거주 후 평가를 통한 오피스 사무환경 만족도에 관한 연구-서울지역 두개 대기업본사를 대상으로" 51-582002, 2002

3 "Work transformation: integrating people, space and technology" 376-3822000, 2000

4 "Traditional versus open office design" 279-2992002, 2002

5 "The psychology of the physical environment in offices and factories. Cambridge" Cambridge University Press 1986. 1986

6 "The practice of social research" 1998

7 "The measurement of cohesion in work teams" 71-882000, 2000

8 "The impact of office environments on employee performance: The design of the workplace as a strategy for productivity enhancement" 247-2642003, 2003

9 "Research about office workplace activities important to US business-and how to support them" (1) : 31-472002, 2002

10 "P. The balance between privacy and collaboration in knowledge worker teams. In the Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Human Factors in Organizational Design and Management 11.8 발췌 from http" 1994

11 "Office at work uncommon workplace strategies that add value and improve performance" Jossey-Bass 2004.

12 "Improving organizational performance by exploiting workplace flexibility" (2) : 154-1562002, 2002

13 "H. Facilities and workplace design" Engineering & Management Press 1997

14 "G. L. Face to face communication in an office setting the effects of position" 737-7541991, 1991

15 "Flexibility in e-commerce office planning" 2000

16 "Effects of control over workspace on perceptions of the work environment and work outcomes" 323-3332005, 2005

17 "Case studies" -314, 2004.