우리나라 근로자의 직무동기와 일중독, 이직의사 간의 구조적 관계 분석 = An Analysis of the structural relation between job motivation, workaholism, and turnover intention among Korean workers

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 우리나라 근로자 640명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여, 직무동기(내재적, 외재적, 무)가 일중독(강박적, 성취지향적)을 거쳐 이직의사에 이르는 일련의 과정과 영향에 대해 구조방정식 모형을 활용하여 실증분석 하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 내재적 동기, 외재적 동기, 무동기 모두 강박적 일중독과 성취지향적 일중독에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 강박적 일중독은 이직의사에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 내재적 동기는 이직의사에 부(-)의 영향을 무동기는 이직의사에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 강박적 일중독은 매개효과를 통해 내재적 동기가 이직의사에 미치는 부(-)의 영향을 감소시키는 것으로 무동기가 이직의사에 미치는 정(+)의 영향을 증대시키는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 특기할 만한 사안 두 가지는 내재적 동기의 경우 이직의사를 저감하는 것으로 나타났지만 강박적 일중독은 증대시키는 '양날의 검' 이 될 수 있다는 것과 무동기의 상태에 있더라도 일중독 성향이 증대될 수 있다는 것이다. 이상의 분석결과 및 함의점 등을 고려하여 강박적 일중독과 이직의사를 저감하기 위한 정책제언을 각각의 직무동기 유형별로 구분하여 제시하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study empirically tests the effect and process of job motivation (intrinsic, extrinsic, amotivational) reaching turnover intention through workaholism (compulsive and achievement oriented) by using structure equation modeling, based on a survey of 640 Korean workers. Analysis showed that first, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and amotivation all have a positive (+) effect on both compulsive and achievement oriented workaholism. Second, compulsive workaholism has a positive (+) effect on turnover intention. Third, intrinsic motivation exerts a negative (-) influence on turnover intention, and amotivation exerts a positive (+) influence on turnover intention. Finally, it was shown that the compulsive workaholism decreased the negative (-) influence of intrinsic motivation on turnover intention and magnified the positive (+) influence of amotivation on turnover intention through mediating effect, what’s noteworthy is that intrinsic motivation may become a double-edged sword that diminishes turnover intention and magnifies the compulsive workaholism. Also, amotivation may develop workaholic tendency. Considering the results of analysis and implications, strategies to reduce the compulsive workaholism and turnover intention is suggested by each types of job motivation.

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