개량조개 , Mactra chinensis Philippi 발생에 의한 부산연안 해수의 수질오탁 조사 = BIOASSAY STUDY OF EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF MACTRA CHINENSIS PHILIPPI FOR THE WATER QUALITY EVALUATION OF THE COASTAL WATERS OF BUSAN

국문 초록 (Abstract)

釜山沿岸의 海水汚濁程度를 調査하기 위하여 生物檢定法에 依해 指標種으로서 개량조개, Mactro chinensis를 사용하여 1977年 7月 12日부터 1977年 7月 17日 사이에 3回에 걸쳐 總 12개 地點에 對한 調査를 실시하였다. 판정의 段階로는 受精膜形成期, 桑實期. 擔輪子幼生期로 나누어 各各 正常發生率과 畸形發生率을 調査 하였다.
1. 釜山 沿岸의 海水浴場의 海水汚濁은 海雲臺, 松島, 廣安里, 松享, 多大浦의 順으로 그 程度가 심하게 나타 났는데 이중 海雲臺의 경우는 조사당시 7월 7일에 隣近 海域의 事故船舶으로 부터 流出된 油類의 影響이 있었던 것으로 간주된다.
2. 횟집 密集地域인 東三洞의 경우 總 畸形發生率이 47.17%이고, 魚貝類市場이 있는 忠武洞의 경우는 61.14%의 總 畸形發生率을 나타내고 있다.
3. 工場廢水의 直接的인 影響을 받고있는 水營灣과 龍湖灣의 경우는 70% 以上의 總 畸形發生率을 나타내고 있어 生物의 發生이 거의 불가능한 地域으로 나타나고 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Early developmental stages of Mactra chinensis were bioassayied to determin the water quality of the costal waters of Busan. The water samples were obtained at 12 stations from July 12 to July 17, 1977.
Water quality evaluation was made in terms of the rates of normal development to abnormal development in three indicatory states, i. e. fertilization membrane formation, morula and trochophore larvae.
The pollution degree of the waters brought from five swimming beaches was found to be highest at Haewundae followed by Songdo, Kwang-anri, Songjeong and Dadaepo with decreasing order. The highest value of the water at Haewundae was mainly due to the accidental oil spill from an oil tanker which happened on July 7, 1977.
At Dongsamdong the rate of total abnormal development was 47.17%. This result is apparently attributable to fish byproducts discarded from a number of restaurants.
At Chungmudong where a large fish-market is located, the rate of total abnormal development was 61. 14%.
At Suyeng Bay and Yongho Bay the rates of total abnormal development were 73.82% and 72.90% respectively. At these bays the drainage presumably contains a large amount of chemical pollutants from the industrial areas. This result shows that no organisms can normally breed in these regions.