1933-1938년 주요 전시로 본 초현실주의 운동의 형성과 전개

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examines the formation and development of Surrealism through major exhibitions held between 1933 and 1938. Beginning with Andre Breton‘s “Manifesto of Surrealism” in 1924, the movement fully materialized its theories and practices through exhibitions in the 1930s. The research focuses on five pivotal exhibitions: the 1933 Surrealist exhibition at Galerie Pierre Colle in Paris, the 1936 Surrealist Objects Exhibition, the International Surrealist Exhibition in London, the “Fantastic Art, Dada, Surrealism” exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art in New York, and the 1938 International Exhibition of Surrealism at Galerie Beaux-Arts in Paris.
These exhibitions demonstrate how Surrealism evolved from an artistic movement into a political avant-garde seeking social transformation. The Surrealists employed various exhibition strategies, including object experiments, innovative use of exhibition space, and audience participation, to blur the boundaries between art and life. Marcel Duchamp's curation of the 1938 Paris International Exhibition is particularly noteworthy for transforming the exhibition space itself into a massive artwork, establishing a pioneering model for contemporary installation art.
By tracing how Surrealism developed and transformed through exhibitions, this study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the movement. Furthermore, it provides important historical context for understanding the contemporary relevance of Surrealism, particularly as it is being reexamined in the post-pandemic era. The Surrealists' pursuit of alternative worlds through new artistic imagination in times of uncertainty and crisis offers significant implications for our present day.