한국 성인에서 신체활동 및 좌식시간과 혈중 비타민 D와의 연관성: 2014년 국민건강영양조사 결과를 바탕으로 = Associations of Physical Activity and Sitting Time with Serum Vitamin D Status in Korean Adults: Results from the 2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Background: Recent evidence has reported the relationships between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) insufficiency and chronic diseases. This study examined the association of physical activity and sitting time with vitamin D status.
Methods: This study analyzed the data of 1,598 adults aged ≥19 who participated in the 2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Vitamin D insufficiency was defined as a serum 25(OH)D level of ≤20 ng/mL. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of vitamin D insufficiency according to physical activity and sitting time were calculated using a multivariable logistic regression analysis.
Results: The mean levels of serum 25(OH)D were 16.5 ng/mL in males and 15.2 ng/mL in females, respectively and was significantly higher in the participants with sitting times of <5 hours/day than those with sitting times of ≥5 hours/day. After adjusting for confounding variables, sitting time of <5 hours/day was associated with decreased odds of vitamin D insufficiency as compared with sitting time of ≥5 hours/day in the total participants and females. In addition, the odds ratio for vitamin D insufficiency was significantly lower in the group with sitting times of <5 hours/day than in the group with sitting times of ≥5 hours/day even among people with low physical activity in the total participants and females.
Conclusion: Serum 25(OH)D level was insufficient in the Korean adults and shorter sitting time was related to lower odds ratio of vitamin D insufficiency. Our findings suggest that sitting time is an independent factor of serum vitamin D status.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

연구배경: 최근 전세계적으로 체내 비타민 D 부족 현상이 주목받고 있으며, 만성 질환과도 관련이 있다는 연구 결과들이 많이 보고되고 있다. 이에 관련된 요인 중 신체활동 및 현대인의 생활습관 변화와 관련된 좌식시간과 혈중 비타민 D 상태와의 관련성을 알아보고자 하였다.
방법: 제6기 국민건강영양조사의 2차년도인 2014년 조사에 참여한 19세 이상의 성인 총 1,598명(남성 728명, 여성 870명)의 자료를 분석하였다. 비타민 D의 부족은 혈중 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) 농도가 20 ng/mL 이하인 경우로 정의하였다. 다변량 로지스틱 회귀분석을 사용하여 혼란변수를 보정한 후 신체활동 및 좌식시간에 따른 혈중 비타민 D 부족의 오즈비와 95% 신뢰구간을 산출하였다.결과: 한국 성인의 혈중 25(OH)D 농도는 전체 성인 및 남성과 여성 모두에서 20 ng/mL 미만으로 부족에 해당하였으며, 평균 좌식시간이 5시간 미만일 경우 5시간 이상에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 혼란변수를 보정한 회귀분석에서도 5시간 이상의 좌식시간에 비하여 5시간 미만의 좌식시간은 비타민 D 부족의 오즈를 낮추는 것과 관련되었다. 신체활동량과 좌식시간의 조합 군에서는 신체활동이 낮은 전체 성인 및 여성에서 좌식시간이 5시간 이상인 군에 비하여 5시간 미만인 군에서 비타민 D가 부족할 오즈비가 유의하게 낮았다. 결론: 한국 성인의 체내 25(OH)D 농도는 부족한 수준이며, 짧은 좌식시간은 비타민 D 부족의 오즈를 낮추는 것과 관련되었다. 본 연구를 통해 좌식시간이 혈중 25(OH)D 부족의 독립적인 관련 인자임을 확인하였다. 향후 연구의 제한점을 보완한 후속 연구가 필요하겠다.

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