일본의 문학상과 여성작가 -전전(戰前)의 아쿠타가와 문학상, 나오키상 수상자를 중심으로- = Japanese literary awards and women's writers - Focusing on Akutagawa Literature Prize and Noki Literature Prize in pre-war period -

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

本稿は＇文学賞＇という制度のなかで女性作家が創作の主体として作られる過程と様相を捉えようとした。日本で一番有名で、権威が認められる文学賞である芥川文学賞と、直木文学賞を対象とし、1945年以前受賞した中里恒子、芝木好子、堤千代という三人の女性作家と作品を考察した。二つの文学賞が＇新人作家＇の登竜門として設立された文学賞という点から女性作家の＇誕生＇のプロセスを捉えるために有効だと判断したからである。今まで芥川文学賞や直木文学賞を受賞した女性作家に関してほとんど研究がなされていない。それに、近代日本の女性文学史のなかでもこれらの女性作家に対してあまり記述されていないのが現状である。本稿の研究を通して個別作家研究や作品研究ではなかなか究明できなかった文学賞選定過程と関連様相をより構造的で＇文学制度＇の問題として可視化できると考えられる。このために、これらの女性作家たちの作品の特徴を分析し、芥川文学賞や直木文学賞の選考委員たちの選評を通して文学賞の選定過程を具体的に検討した。そのうえ、近代日本の文学賞と女性作家との相関関係について考えてみた。

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper attempts to understand the process and patterns of the formation of female writers as creative subjects through the institutions of literary awards. I consider the works of three female writers, Nakazato Tsuneko, Shibaki Yoshiko, and Tsutsumi Chiyo, who won before 1945 one of the most recognized and authoritative literary awards in Japan, the Akutagawa Literature Award or the Naoki Literature Award. These literary awards were selected for this study because they were established as gateways for new writers and, as such, were suitable for considering the 'birth' process of female writers. Until now, little research has been conducted on female writers who have won the Akutagawa Literature Award or the Naoki Literature Award, and it seems that even the history of modern Japanese women's literature seldom discusses these female writers. In this paper, I made use of a panoramic view of these writers and their works in order to highlight a structural problem of the literary award selection process and related patterns, which may be difficult to see with research on individual artists or works. To this end, the characteristics of these female artists' works were analyzed, and the literature award selection process was specifically examined through the review of the selections committee members of the Akutagawa Literature Award and Naoki Literature Award. Based on this, we investigated the relationship between modern Japanese literature awards and female writers. his paper attempted to understand the process and patterns of female writers as creative subjects through a system called the Literature Award. The works of three female writers who won before 1945 were reviewed for the Akutagawa Literature Award and the Naoki Literature Award, the most recognized and authoritative literary awards in Japan. This is because in this study, it was judged that these literary awards were suitable for considering the 'birth' process of female writers in that they were established as the gateway to the appointment of 'new writers'. Until now, little research has been conducted on female writers who have won the Akutagawa Literature Award or the Naoki Literature Award, and it seems that modern Japanese women's literature history rarely describes these female writers. In this paper, I had a panoramic view of these writers and their works targeting Through this, it was judged that the literature award selection process and related patterns, which are difficult to identify with individual artist research or work research, could be visualized as more structural and 'literature system'. To this end, the characteristics of these female artists' works were analyzed, and the literature award selection process was specifically reviewed through the review of the sentencing committee members of the Akutagawa Literature Award and Naoki Literature Award. Based on this, we investigated the relationship between modern Japanese literature awards and female writers.