인문 · 사회편 : 한국(韓國) 청소년(靑少年)의 성장발달(成長發達)에 대(對)한 종단적(縱斷的) 연구(硏究) - 다단층(多段層), 유층별(類層別), 종단적(縱斷的) 표본(標本)을 중심(中心)으로 - = A Study on the Logitudinal method of the physical growth and development in Korean youth

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to identify the pattern of the physical growth of the Korean Youngsters through a longitudinal analysis of the body structure, fat weight, and nutritional index.For this purpose, we analyzed the following variables the averages of body physical standards, physical structure and nutritional index. body fat, the average body weight according to the age. the maximum growth age, the rate of obesity. the correlations and longitudinal comparison of the Korean youth’s physical structure since 1948.A total of 8.237 samples were randomly selected in 29 districts accross the country including large cities. middle cities, rural areas, and island areas according to the following guidelines:a. Student who were borne between March 1, 1979 and February 28. 1980b. Student who were borne between March 1, 1976 and February 28. 1977c. Student who were borne between March 1, 1973 and February 28. 1974I. Body Measurements1. body heightBetween the age of 8-11, 11-14, 14-17, the average body height of the male is significantly higer than that of the female in all ages at the probability of 0.001. But between the ages of 12.5 and 13.5 the average body height of the female exceeded that of the male, there by switching male superiority. Between the ages of 11 and 17, the female shows greater growth. The age of the maximum growth of body height is between 12 and 13 for the male when be grows 7.21㎝ per year in average and between 10-11 for the female when she grows 6.59㎝ per year in average. These data show a fact that starts to grow earlier than the male by about two years.2. body weightFrom the age of 8-9 and 13-17. the male excells the female in average body weight. But between 10 and 12 years of age, an average female out weights an average man, there by switching male supremacy. The male shows his maximum growth, 5.91㎏ in body weigth between 12 and 13 years of age, where as the female shows the maximum growth of 4.92㎏ in the years of 10 through 11, i.e., two year earlier than the male.3. chest girthFrom the age of 8 through 17, the male enjoys bigger chest girth than the female. Between 11-12 and 14-15 years of age, however, the female shows a bigger chest girth in average. The male shows the maximum annial growth of chest girth 4.06㎝, in the year between 14 and 15, and the female in the year between 11 and 12 by’ 5.19㎝.4. sitting heightFrom the age of 8 through 17, the male sitting height is greater than the female sitting height in average except during three years from 10-11 and 12-13 years of age. The maximum annual growth is recorded by the male between the year of 12 and l3 as 3.63㎝ and by the female between the year of 10 and 11 as 3.44㎝.Here again, the female shows the maximum growth two year earlier than the male.5. comparison of body structure(standards) by region, blood type and month of birth.In both sexes, body standards(body height, body weight, chest girth, sitting height) show unilinear regional patterns of growth. The middle cities show biggest growth and standards. The residents in metropolitan cities are the second best. The residents in rural areas are the third. The blood types did not make any differance in body structure. In terms of the seasons of birth, the magnitude of body structure is in order of spring, summer, autumn, and winter.II. Physical and Nutritional Indices1. relative body weightBody male(20.49±2.93) and female(20.08±2.58) in the age of 8 grow in relative body weight as they grow old until the age of 17, when male reaches his heaviest weight of 35.75±3.89 and female of 33.32±3.81. Generally male relative body weight is bigger than that of female. But in the ages between 13 and 15 there was a cross over between the two sexes.2. relative chest girthThe relative chest girth of both male(48.54±2.67) and female(47.76±2.65) in the age of 8 decreases as they grow temporarily than increase again until the age 17 when the relative chest girth of male reaches 51.8±3.18 and that of female 50.78±3.42. The cross over between male and female appears at the age of 11-12 and female exceeds male from then on.3. relative sitting heightThe sitting height in the age of 8 are 55.14±1.54 for the male and 55.01 ±1.56 for the female. The relative sitting height for the body height decreases untill the age of 17 when it reaches its highest: 54.07±1.60 for the male and 54.43±1.37 for the female. At the age of 12-14 the female excells the male in the relative sitting height,4. Rohrer indexThe Rohrer index at the age of eight is 1.24±0.14 for the male and 1.23±0.13 for the female. It reaches its highest the age of 8 : 1.24±0.14.5. Kaup indexAt the age of 8, the Kaup indicators are 1.59±1.19 for male and 1.57±0.17 for female. They increase untill the age of 17 when they reach 2.09±0.22 for male and 2.10±0.24 for female.6. Vervaeck indexAt the age of 8, the Vervaeck indicators are 69.03±4.79 for male and 67.84±4.51 for female. They increase untill the age of 17 when they reach 87.56±6.33 for male and 86.10±6.64 for female. The female exceeds the male in the nutritional indicator between the ages of 12 and 16.7. Pelidisi indexAt the age of eight, the Pelidisi indicators are 90.45±3.64 for male and 90.41±3.69 for female. They increase untill the age of 16 when they are 92.48±4.62 for male and 93.84±3.73 for female. At the age of 14 the female out- reaches the male in the nutritional indicators.8. Comparison of body standards with nutritional indicators by region, blood type and month of birth Details are illustrated in tables 25 through 45.Ⅲ. The quaruty of fat through the method of measurement of physical bodyThe fatness of male at the age of 11 is 4.00±1.05kg m average, while that of female is 10.43±1.19kg, It increase untiil the age of 17 when it reaches 9.77±2.57kg for male and 13.42±i.72kg for female. In other words, the female shows greater proportion of fat in her body. Both male and female are in the normal range of fatness.IV. Obesity rate computed on the basis of standard body weightThe standard weight of the Korean young boys and girls are computed from the same samples that are for the above analysis.i.e., 1,420 youngsters between the ages of 8 and 11,1,374 between the ages 11 and 1,386 from a group of 14 to 17 years of age. The regression analysis of body height and body weight is provided in table 52. A cross tabulation(i.e.,frequency table)of sex, age, body height, and body weight is provided in table 52. The percentage of the overweights according to a table computed according to a regression analysis is 3.73% for male at the age of 8 and 3.73% for female. At the age of 17, both male and female show 3.97%, 3.89%. The total rate of the overweight is 3.98%(3.97 for male and 3.89% for female).