해방이전 외국인에 의한 서구식 한반도 지질광상조사 성과고찰연구 = A Study on Advanced Geoscientific Research Activities Related to the Korean Peninsula by Foreign Geologists Prior to 1945

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Advanced geological surveys and exploration activities were first carried out in Korea in 1884 in accordance with a treaty of friendship and commerce between Great Britain and Korea and a treaty of friendship and commerce between Germany and Korea. The first paper by Gottsche, C. was also published in a German Journal in 1886. Efforts toward independent acquisition of Western geological survey and exploration technology were actively promoted by the Korean Empire in the early 1900s, but were frustrated by the Japanese Empire. Systematic geological surveys and exploration were conducted in Korea by Japanese geologists during the Japanese occupation. A basic geological maps(61sheets), a bulletin on the geological survey of Korea, a bulletin and technical report on deposits in Korea, and a coalfield geological survey report were published during this period. Overall, the intentions under lying the geological surveys and exploration activities by foreigners in Korea prior to the Japanese occupation were questionable. However, the results of these surveys and explorations themselves can be evaluated as positive in terms of academic performance.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

우리나라에서 최초의 서구식 지질자원 조사 탐사활동은 한-독 및 한-영 통상수호조약에 따라 1884년도에 본격적으로 실시되었다. 이를 토대로 최초의 논문도 Gottsche에 의해 1886년도에 독일에서 게재되었다. 1900년대 초에는 대한제국의 독자적인 서구식 지질자원기술 확보 및 조사 탐사활동의 노력도 있었으나 불행하게도 일제에 의해 좌절되었다. 일제강점기에 일본인에 의해 전국토를 대상으로 체계적인 지질자원 조사가 실시되었고, 이 시기에 기본지질도 61매 작성과 지질조사요보, 광상조사보고 및 요보, 탄전조사보고 등이 발간되었다. 결론적으로 개화기로부터 일제강점기까지의 외국인에 의한 우리나라 국토에서 수행된 서구식 지질자원 조사 탐사활동의 의도는 순수하지 않았으나 조사 탐사 결과 그 자체만 판단한다면, 학술적 성과는 매우 크다고 할 수 있다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 김성용, "지질자원 전문연구기관의 연구과제 추이 분석 연구: 1976년 이후" 대한자원환경지질학회 46 (46): 235-246, 2013

2 김성용, "광물자원 조사 및 광상분야 연구 추이 분석 : 한국지질자원연구원 수행과제를 중심으로" 대한자원환경지질학회 47 (47): 303-316, 2014

3 Kobayashi, T, "The Yokusen Geosyncline in the Chosen Period, Brief Notes on the Geologic History of the Yokusen Orogenic Zone" 18 : 579-584, 1942

4 Koto, B, "The Geology and Ore Deposits of the Hol-gol Gold Mine, Su-an District, Korea" University of Tokyo 1-32, 1910

5 Ito, S, "Study on two pyroxenes (Aegirine and augite) of Korea" 43 : 450-, 1936

6 Ito, S, "Study on several new minerals(tourmaline and amphibole) of Northern Korea" 42 : 362-, 1935

7 Ishibashi, M, "Study on microcline of Kadong Wunsan-gun" 26.5 (26.5): 237-244, 1941

8 Ishibashi M, "Study on feldspar of Munkyong, The Journal of the Japanese Association of Mineralogists" 20 : 124-129, 1938

9 Kobyashi, T, "Stratigraphic studies on ancient rock formations at the south coast of the Amnokgang River" 43 : 349-355, 1931

10 Kobyashi, T, "Stratigraphic studies on ancient rock formations at the south coast of the Amnokgang River" 43 : 402-415, 1931

11 King Sejong Memorial Foundation, "Soonjo Annals of Chosun Dynasty Annals(Translated version)"

12 Kim, J.W, "Research postscript on Cambro-ordovician of Kanggye & Huchang area of Pyongan-Bukdo, Korea" 38 : 584-588, 1931

13 Korea Institute of Energy and Resources, "Records and History of the KIER 1918-1998"

14 Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, "Records and History of the KIER 1918-1945(Draft)"

15 Park, D.-K, "Overview of Central Geology and Mining Research Institute of Korea"

16 Hwangsungshinmun, "Official Gazette, Hwangsungshinmun(1900.9.8)"

17 Hwangsungshinmun, "Official Gazette, Hwangsungshinmun(1900.9.7)"

18 Holland, T. H, "Notes on Rock-specimens collected by W. Gowland, Esquire, Associate of the R.S.O.M. (Royal School of Mines), F.I.C.(Fellow of the Institute of Chemistry), F.C.S.(Fellow of the Chemical Society), in Korea" 47 : 171-196, 1891

19 Hwangsungshinmun, "News, Hwangsungshinmun (1906.2.15)"

20 Hwangsungshinmun, "News, Hwangsungshinmun (1902.2.17)"

21 Hwangsungshinmun, "News, Hwangsungshinmun (1900.9.5)"

22 Tateiwa, Iwao, "Initial Research History related to Geology of Korean Peninsula"

23 Lee, J. -H, "Industrial and Mining School, and Land Survey Trainjng" 1 : 41-55, 1999

24 Hisakosi, Sadataka, "Geology of Jeongsun District, Kangwon-Do, Korea" 50 : 269-277, 1943

25 Gottsche, Carl Christian, "Geologische Skizze von Korea, Sitzungsberichte der Koniglich Preussischen" 36 : 857-873, 1986

26 Kim, H. -M, "Geological Sketch of Korea" 8 : 75-85, 1987

27 Lee, Y-.I, "Employment Contract for French Engineer Cuvillier"

28 Hadae, Nobuhiro, "Demarcation Between Hongjeom and Sadong formations" 45 : 486-487, 1938

29 King Sejong Memorial Foundation, "Chosun Dynasty Annals(Translated version)"

30 Geological Survey of Korea, "Bulletin on the mineral survey of Korea, v.2 of Minerals in Korea"

31 Gottsche, Carl Christian, "Auffindung Cambrischer Schichten in Korea" 36 : 875-876, 1884

32 Koto, B, "An Orographic Sketch of Korea" University of Tokyo 1-61, 1903

33 Hall, Basil, "Account on A Voyage of Discovery to the West Coast of Corea and The Great Loo-Choo Island; with two charts" 9-16, 1818

34 Kobyashi, T, "A sketch of Korean geology" 156 : 585-606, 1933

35 Kobayashi, T, "A sketch of Korean geology" 26 : 585-606, 1933

36 Kobayashi, T, "A Study on the Geology of the Bunkei District in South Chosen with Special Reference to the Stratigraphy of the Chosen Group" 18 : 300-305, 1942