자유주의의 전개과정과 다차원성 = Diverse Dimensions of Liberalism

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

There are diverse dimensions in Liberalism. Giants in social philosophy created different versions of
Liberalism. Locke emphasized Liberalism as a means against absolute power. Locke’s view is similar to
that of Liberalism of Korea in 1960’s through 1980’s when absolute dictatorship had been oppressing the
entire society. To achieve freedom and liberty from the tyranny was major concern of all intellectuals with
conscience who fought against dictatorship at that time. Since 1987 when absolute power was dethroned,
democratization & equality has become hotter issue than freedom & liberty in Korea. This is very similar
situation with what Tocqueville & Mill called ‘The tyranny of majorities’: increasing demand for equality
has kicked off the value of freedom and liberty. Left wings in Korea believe that freedom better be
sacrificed for more equality while arguing that Liberalism means jungle capitalism where few capitalists
oppress the majority. This view is very similar to that of Rousseau: the Paradox of Freedom. But even
Austrian School see market economy superior not just because it creates more money but because it
creates more welfare to those all who participate in market. Liberalism must be cherished as a foundation
of market economy.