熊野神社と関東の王 = The Kumano Shrine and the King of East Japan - A Cultural Anthropological Pedigree Study on Monument Stones & Irons before Two Japanese Historical Books : Kiki -

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

1. A shrine of the forest god or water god
In the house yard of Seki family whose ancestor was one of the leading land owners and village chiefs at Koya village in the Edo period, there is a small shrine of ‘Kumano God’ the root of which may be from the Kumano Sanzan(three shrines of Kumano) in Wakayama Prefecture, or from the Kumano Taisha(great shrine) in Izumo area, Shimane Prefecture. The god of Kumano is believed all over Japan even now as a forest god and a spring water god in the mountain, which is connected to a traditional Japanese Shinto mythology through ‘Susanoo’ and mountain Buddhism.
Although this wood is one of many house yard woods that used to be seen as the common scenery around Tokyo areas in the Kanto plains in the past, old woods near cities become very rare in the present in capital zones and middle-scale cities near Tokyo. The present residents inform us that their predecessors believed this water god in the wood and always visited this shrine familiarly. According to their narratives, there have been some habits showing a folk medical belief and a folk mountain Buddhist belief about several kinds of trees.
2. History of developing the country and the chiefs of the East Japan
We need to review the local characteristics of these areas. In the Kanto plains along the Arakawa River, the Edogawa River and the Tone River, there were hills for horse rearing and low swamps along the rivers suitable for developing the rice fields because of much spring water owning to the forests. Though horse rearing had been famous from the ancient times, this local business was especially noticed at the medieval times by the Kamakura Government. The importance of the eastern part of Japan has been said to have many horse ranches at the time of domestic wars from the Kamakura period to the Edo period. As the government recognized the importance of the area, local developments must have necessarily been required during the ancient and medieval periods .
In fact, the village shrine of Koya is the Akagi Shrine where ‘Oonamuchi’ is worshipped. This god is same as the god of the great Izumo Shrine. The Moro Shrine is also important around here because it was recorded in Engi-shiki which was the document about ritual rules written in the Heian period. At this shrine, Toyoki-irihiko is worshipped who is a son of the 10th Emperor Suujin Ten-nou who was told in Kojiki & Nihonshoki(the oldest history books) to be the first emperor who ordered generals to exploit the local developing areas including the East Japan. Although this emperor and his dispatched generals are characters in the legends, both a chief on the way of growing to the king of the center and the local chiefs of eastern or western countries might have practiced their political business in the 4th or 5th centuries.
3. The name of the ancestor written on the iron sword in the 5th centuries
There has been a great archeological discussion on the letters curved on an iron sword which was dug out from Inariyama tumulus in Gyoda city, Saitama Prefecture since 1978 when the letters were discovered about 10 years after the digging of the sword. The focus of the discussion is whether the name of the great king on the sword is the 21st Emperor Yuryaku or not, and whether the name of the ancestor of 7 generations upwards is the same as the name of a general who was written in the historical books ’Kiki’ to be dispatched to the East Japan by the 10th Emperor or not.
About the name of an ancestor that has been read as Oohiko, a few scholars have presented a new hypothesis they try to read as Ifuhiki instead of Oohiko. The present reporter try to support their hypothesis by an approach of the cultural anthropological pedigree study and the data by her own fieldworks on some rituals of the Akagi shrine and other shrines in the other areas.
The name can be divided into two parts; one is Oo and another is hiko, or one is Ifu and another is hiki.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 背景：「?さんの森」の熊野?現
• 2. 「?さんの森」は栢の森
• 3. ?東の地域性から?み解く神?のご利益と機能分化
• 4. 熊野(イヤ、イフヤ)の訓と埼玉古墳群の?荷山古墳出土??の金石文
• 5. 上野三碑(山ノ上碑、多胡碑、金井?碑)に見る文字ㆍ文?と系譜の解?
• 6. 結論：「空間の履?」が語る開?と環境保全との相克
• ?考文?
• 【Abstract】