영아기 공동 주의 발달에 대한 단기 종단연구:어머니와 자유 놀이에서의 주의 상태와 가리키기 행동을 중심으로 = Development of Coordinated joint attention in infancy:looking through attentional state andpointing behavior in mother-infant interaction

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 영아의 공동 주의(joint attention)의 발달을 기술하고 공동 주의 발달과 관련된 어머니와 영아의 상호작용의 특성을 알아보는 것이다. 어머니와 영아 78쌍을 9개월에서 18개월까지 3개월 간격으로 단기 종단적 연구가 실시되었다. Adamson 등 (1998)의 코딩 체계에 근거하여 자유놀이 상황에서 나타난 어머니와 영아의 연속적 주의 상태를 분석하고, 어머니와 영아의 가리키기 행동(pointing)을 관찰하여 이들간의 관계를 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 진정한 의미의 공동 주의라 할 수 있는 협응적 공동 주의(coordinated joint attention)가 월령에 따라 증가하였다. 또한 어머니의 지지적 공동 주의(supported joint attention)와 가리키기 행동(pointing)이 협응적 공동 주의와 밀접한 관련이 있었다. 이러한 결과를 통하여 영아기 인지, 언어, 사회적 발달의 핵심적 요소인 협응적 공동 주의를 촉진시키는 어머니의 역할이 논의 되었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The present study investigated development of coordinated joint attention and explored characteristics of mother's behavior that may be related to its development. For these ends, 78 infants were longitudinally observed in their interaction with their mothers at 9, 12, 15 and 18 months of age. Observations were coded using state-based coding system (Adamson et al, 1998) that included states of unengagement, person engagement, object engagement, on-looking and supported joint attention as well as coordinated joint attention. In addition, infants' and mother's pointing behaviors were observed in order to investigate its relation to the development of coordinated joint attention. The results of this study provide evidence for the two main conclusions. First, the amount of coordinated joint attention and supported joint attention increased, while other states declined or did not change with age. Second, development of coordinated joint attention was closely related to supported joint attention and mother's pointing behavior. These results suggest that mothers indeed are skilled adults who can scaffold their infant's early attempt to coordinate their attention in a social context.

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