터키 알레비종파 형성의 역사적 배경 = Historical Background of the Formation of the Alevi in Turkey

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study is to focus on the historical background of the formation of the Alevis in Turkey. Numbering about 15 million persons, the Alevis account for some 25 percent of Turkey`s population and constitute the country`s second largest religious community, after the Sunnis. Alevis go by a number of names. They are called Kizilbash after the Turkemen followers of the Safavid order of the 15th and 16th centuries from which they emerged, and also Bektash, after the Anatolian Bektash Sufi order founded in the 13th century to which many belong. Alevis traditionally inhabit rural Central and Eastern Anatolia, in particular the triangle Kayseri-Sivas-Divirgi. In the historical aspect, the Babailer rebellion(1239-1240) had been the important historical event which led to the formation of the Alevis in Turkey subsequently. This rebellion led by the unorthodox islamic powers gave rise to the Rum Abdallar 1 movement, one of the most important religious movement which laid the basis of the unorthodox islamic orders in Turkey. As a result of that, the Bektash order which is one of the important sufi orders in the Alevis, came into being. We can not overemphasize the effect of the Hurufi into the Alevis too much. The most important effect of the Hurufi order into the Alevis were the thoughts of incarnation and the Messiah. The Shi`ite element which we can say, found in the Alevis came from the effects of the Safavid order. Especially, Shah Ismail played a important role in the transformation of the Alevis into the Kizilbash. Comprehensively speaking, the history of the Alevis in Turkey is the history of the unorthodox Islam which has the syncretique characteristics.