오토마타 유비를 통해 본 인간과 기계: 데카르트, 보일, 훅을 중심으로 = Human and Machine through Automata Metaphor: based on the mechanical philosophy of Descartes, Boyle, and Hooke

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this study, we compared and analyzed how Descartes, Boyle, and Hook, the representative mechanical philosophers of the 17th century, perceived humans and the world through automata metaphors, amid the development of Automata culture in Western Europe. We analyzed Descartes, Boyle, and Hook's writings and examined their individual approaches in comparing humans, other organisms, or the world to automata. Descartes compared relatively large hydraulic automata to humans and considered the differences between humans and automata, leading him to explore humans’ unique spiritual attributes. Conversely, Boyle and Hook, who were involved in the air pump experiment, one of the most complex machines of the time, compared humans and the world to complex engines. Considering the structure and principles of the engine as God’s cause, the engine became a sort of black box that could explain humans and the world, including other organisms. The metaphors used by each scholar to describe humans and the world could contribute to understanding the historical and technological contexts of their perceptions.

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