電氣鐵道에서의 에너지 節減方案에 關한 硏究 : 조명등 및 전동차 운용 실측 분석 = (A) Study on the Energy Saving of Electric Railway System

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 논문은 서울지하철 1~4호선에 설치 운영중인 역사 및 차량기지의 조명, 하절기 및 동절기 전동차 냉, 난방 운용방법과 전력 소비특성을 조사하여 운용방법, 계절별 부하전류를 실측 분석하였다.
1~4호선을 운영하기 위하여 8억4천300만[kWH]의 전력을 사용하였는데 이는 서울시 총 전력 사용량 333억[kWH]의 2.54%에 해당된다.
전력사용량을 분석한 결과 전차용 72%, 역사부대설비용 27%, 상가용 1%를 사용하였다. 계절별사용량은 겨울이 가장 높고 여름, 봄, 가을 순으로 나타나고 있다. 이는 하절기에 전동차와 역사냉방을 가동하였기 때문이다. 전동차는 냉방에 의한 소비보다는 전동차 난방을 위한 전력소비가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이는 차량기지에 주박 된 전동차의 동파방지를 위하여 난방을 가동하였기 때문이다. 5개 차량 기지의 전력소비가 전체 사용량의 20%를 차지하여 매우 높은 점유율을 보였다.
본 연구는 서울지하철에서의 역사, 차량기지의 조명, 하절기 및 동절기 전동차 냉방 및 난방 운용방법, 전력소비특성을 실측 조사 분석하여 전기에너지 절감 개선 방안을 제안하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Electric railroad has become an important social issue recently concerning the environmental protection, time exactness, and safety comparing with other traffic systems. The issue has been focused on improvement of passengers comfort, economy of driving energy, and optimal driving conditions for time exactness in order to secure the effective and optimal operations. And also they take effort to make the atmospheres at stations and interiors of motor car in which luminous intensities and convenience have been improved for travelers who will take urban railroads. However, now it is very deficient in the basic data in Korea for operating the electrical facilities taking into account the climatic features and electrical consumption.
But we have many research results and technical data on the sacrificing electricity for motor cars that consume electricity mostly, which have been applied for the Japanese subways and some parts of the Busan subways currently. And the former dissertations were referred for the sacrificing electricity in the study.
As results of the study, the seasons that the subways consume electricity mostly are summer and winter and the motor cars consume an amount of electricity in winter more than in summer regarding on each of the load types, since the motor cars parked at train stations are heated in winter to prevent from a rupture by freezing.
It has been analyzed that the power facilities i.e. auxiliary facilities are utilized more in summer than in winter since the air conditioners built in the stations are operated in summer centrally.
I has been surveyed that luminous intensities at the stations have been more increased when those were built at the construction stages due to adoptions of high efficiency devices when constructed air conditioning systems and advertisement panels.
From the results of the measurements for luminous intensities, indoor and outdoor temperatures, and temperatures in the motor cars, the temperatures were different from at each of the measuring points of those and a temperature in a motor car while driving was dependent on a number of passengers and places. And there were some differences between the measured temperatures and one forecasted from the Meteorological Administration.
As results of the study, it has been recommended for methods for saving the electrical consumptions that an improvement on the electrical circuits will be conducted and the luminous intensities will be measured again an then take an improving measure for the stations whose luminous intensities are higher than the
standard luminous intensities, the operating method of heating and cooling systems in the motor cars dependent on temperature forecasts from the Meteorological Administration will be changed into that dependent on a number of passengers., a heating system will be suspended for when it will has many passengers, and electrical heating wires will be installed on the cylinder valves and magnetic materials will be constructed on the moisture separators and air filters on the front parts of compressors for preventing the doors of motor cars from any ruptures by freezing.
Users of the electricity (departments) will take more intentions on saving method for electrical consumptions. In order to achieve it, an incentive system may one of the countermeasure for the users as well.
Studies on the systems in motor cars that run cooling and heating facilities automatically dependent on outer temperatures and a number of passengers will be carried out in the future.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• 요약 = ⅰ
• 그림목차 = ⅱ
• Ⅰ 서론 = 1
• Ⅱ. 본론 = 4
• 제1장 도시전기철도 운영 및 설비현황 = 4
• 제1절 도시전기철도 운영현황 = 4
• 제2절 서울지하철 전기 설비현황 = 5
• 제2장 직류전기철도와 에너지 = 8
• 제1절 전동차 회생전력 = 8
• 제2절 전력 Peak 관리 방안 = 12
• 제3절 조도 기준 = 13
• 제4절 고효율기기 = 13
• 제5절 직류방식의 전기차 = 14
• 제 6절 전동차 냉·난방기 = 22
• 제3장 2002년도 전력사용현황 = 29
• 제4장 전기사용기기 시스템 운용실태조사 및 측정 = 48
• 제 1절 조명 = 48
• 제2절 전동차 난, 냉방기기 = 51
• 제5장 전기사용기기 효율적 관리방안 = 58
• Ⅲ. 결론 = 68
• 참고문헌 = 70
• ABSTRACT = 71
• 전동차 전기사용량 측정결과 = 73