사례연구를 통한 여성친화도시 발전 방안 연구

홍선표,황재훈 한국지역개발학회 2012 한국지역개발학회 세미나 논문집 Vol.2012 No.1

Because of high level of education, leisure activities and needs for improving the quality of life, the social and economical activity of women are increased, recently. According to this situation, the women friendly city policy is on going in both globally and domestically. In this study, we suggest the way of desirable city-environment build assuming the woven friendly city is belonged to the city-marketing. Adequate for minuscule study of domestic circumstances in Korea, we search the political background and concept then, analyze the case of Ik-san, Seoul and Hwa-seong city. The ways for improvement of women friendly city suggested by the case. First, setting up the name of women friendly city so that we improve and establish the city image in the city marketing strategy. Second, we develop the physical and non-physical index for building the women friendly city and try to apply those all over the city. Third, organizing various acting-group so establish a network between specialist and citizen. The city is the living place gathered by different levels and generations. The critical point of convenience in the living place is to enjoy the various chances. Building the women friendly city is to activate the public activities for women which were weak in the local community and we expect that it vitalize the local community.

부산지역 여성친화도시 조성의 성과와 한계

김혜정(Kim Hye Jung) 신라대학교 여성문제연구소 2017 젠더와 사회 Vol.28 No.-

여성가족부는 지속가능한 도시발전을 위한 성평등 정책에 관심을 두고 여성친화도시를 지정해 왔다. 2009년 익산시와 여수시를 여성친화도시로 지정한 이래 2016년 말까지 여성친화도시는 76개로 양적으로 증가했지만, 지역사회의 성 주류화를 안착시키는 방향으로 추진되고 있는지에 대해서는 비판적이다. 부산은 2011년 사상구를 시작으로 2016년 동구까지 16개 구군 중 11개 지역이 여성친화도시로 지정되어 있다. 그러나 부산지역의 여성친화도시 조성 과정 역시 지역민의 요구와 적극적인 참여를 통해 이루어지기보다 자치단체장이나 담당 공무원의 의지에 의해 관주도로 이루어지고 있다는 비판에서 자유롭지 못하다. 이에 본 연구는 부산지역 여성친화도시 지정 지역의 이행실태를 분석함으로써 부산지역 여성친화도시 조성의 성과와 한계를 살펴보고, 보다 실질적이고 지속 가능한 여성친화도시 조성을 위한 부산광역시와 기초지자체의 정책 과제를 제시하고자 한다. The Ministry of Gender Equality and Family has designated women-friendly city with an interest in gender equality policies for sustainable urban development. In 2009, Iksan-City and Yeosu-City were first designated as women-friendly cities, and by 2016, 76 women-friendly cities have increased in quantity, but it is criticized whether the promotion of gender mainstreaming in local policies is being pursued. In Busan, Sasang-gu was designated as the first woman-friendly city in 2011 and Dong-gu was designated in 2016. Currently, 11 of the 16 basic local government are designated as women-friendly cities. However, it is criticized that the process of creating a women-friendly city in Busan is not made through the demands and active participation of the local people but rather by the will of local governors or government officials. The purpose of this study is to show the achievements and limitations of women-friendly city in Busan through analyzing the implementation status of women-friendly city. This suggests the policy tasks of Busan Metropolitan City and the local governments to create more practical and sustainable women friendly cities.

여성친화도시 사례분석

조명희(Myung-Hee Cho),공미혜(Mee-Hae Kong) 신라대학교 여성문제연구소 2014 젠더와 사회 Vol.25 No.-

This study examined the concept of women-friendly cities and the present situations and also analyzed best cases of women-friendly practices. The goal of this study is to provide basic resources of planning a women-friendly city in the future, reflecting women’s needs and local characteristic that make women and their families happy. A society tried to expand local policies that human and nature communicate each other, and various members of a community are living safe without any discrimination or difficulties since the 21st century. A women-friendly city is the best example of local policies which increase the quality of life for all members and reflect the needs of women, children, the elderly, the disabled and minorities who have been excluded from the main policy for a long time. After Ministry of Gender Equality & Family selected Iksan city of Jeollabuk-do as the first women-friendly city in March, 2009, now 50 women-friendly cities are implementing their projects in December, 2013. The women-friendly city presents 4 different values, such as equity, caring, nature-friendly environment, communication. This study analyzed the model cases that include safe environment, activation of local communities, improvement for women’s health, and convenient facilities. A successful women-friendly city is related to commitment and support of policy makers, tools for gender equality, and governance practices. In addition, if we reflect the needs of various women, local characteristics, women’s active participation on the basis of gender governance, our society can become women-friendly cities as a whole.

여성친화도시 조성 시민참여에 대한 서로 다른 이해와 입장

주혜진(Chu, Hyejin) 한국여성연구소 2016 페미니즘 연구 Vol.16 No.2

2009년 익산시를 시작으로 확산 추진된 ‘여성친화도시’는 대표적인 정부주도형 ‘성평등 가치 확산 도시 모델’이다. ‘시민(여성)의 능동적 참여에 근거한 정치적 세력화(empowerment)’는 여성친화도시 조성의 가장 중요한 전략으로 이해되고 있다. 본 연구는 여성친화도시 조성의 핵심전략으로서 시민참여의 특성과 의미, 그리고 이에 대한 이해와 참여자 간 입장 차이를 대전시 동구 사례를 중심으로 보여주고자 한다. 참여하는 시민들이 다양하지 못하고 5, 60대 여성들이 중심을 이루는 점은 여성친화도시 조성의 가치 실현을 함께하는 데 한계로 작용할 수 있다. 동구에서 오래 거주해 주거 안전성이 확보된 5, 60대 여성들은 시민참여를 ‘도움을 도움으로 갚는 품앗이’로, 즉 지원을 받고 동원을 제공하는 협조체계로 이해하는 경향이 있었다. 여성친화도시 조성 과정에의 시민참여는 이들에게 있어 정치적 형평성 확보 방안이라기보다는 주거지 개선을 위한 협력으로 이해되고 있었다. 모성 발현의 연장선상에서 시민사회활동을 해왔던 이들에게는 여성친화도시 사업도 기존의 성역할 정체성을 강화하는 사업으로 해석되고 있었다. 매력을 잃은 낙후된 대전시 동구, 인구가 줄고 있고 경제적으로 열악한 이 지역의 5, 60대 여성들에게 여성친화도시는 일종의 ‘매력적인 도시 재정비 전략’이었고, 떠난 젊은 인구를 되돌아오게 하는 또 다른 도시 마케팅 브랜드로 기대되고 있었다. 다양한 배경과 경험을 지닌 시민들이 참여단을 구성하지 않는 한, 배타적 위계질서에 익숙한 이들과 다양성과 형평한 참여에 근거한 여성친화도시가 모순적으로, 충돌 없이 만나는 지점은 여기 있을 수밖에 없다. As a representative city model of gender equality spearheaded by Ministry of Gender Equality and Family, ‘Women Friendly City’ started with appointing Ik-san as the first women friendly city in 2009. To build up women friendly city, gender experts have put emphasis on ‘political empowerment’ based on equal participation of women. However, in local level, women friendly city projects have mainly focused on the issues of urban public facilities and the external safety facilities seeking a plan for improving user satisfaction with it. Meanwhile, women’s participation became a ‘tool’ of gender mainstreaming and gender governance. The ‘women friendly city supporters’ are usually comprised of women in their fifties or sixties who have lots of experiences in volunteer activities at local level. This group is used to work in cooperative partnership with local governments and women members recognize ‘women friendly city’ as a new plan for urban regeneration. In spite of conservative perspectives on gender equality and tolerance, participants of the ‘women friendly city supports’ anticipate an attractive new town conducing to population growth through building up ‘women friendly city’ plans.

여성친화적 안전도시 조성이 안전증진정책 수립에 미치는 영향연구: 경상남도 지방자치단체 공무원을 중심으로

한동효 한국지방정부학회 2019 지방정부연구 Vol.23 No.1

여성친화적 안전도시는 여성을 둘러싼 다양한 환경변화와 개인 및 조직 등의 노력을 통해 범죄 등에 대한 불안감을 해소하고 여성이 안전한 생활환경을 조성하여 질 높은 건강한 삶을 성취할 수 있도록 하는 것이다. 본 연구의 목적은 여성친화적 안전도시의 구성요소인 운영시스템, 주민관심과 참여, 안전프로그램, 안전 인프라를 독립변수로 설정하여 여성안전 증진정책을 수립하는데 영향을 미치는지를 살펴본 후 개선방안을 제시하였다. 그 결과, 여성친화적 안전도시의 기반이라 할 수 있는 운영시스템의 구축과 주민들의 관심 및 참여가 공공이용시설, 주거환경, 근린생활공간에 대한 여성 안전증진정책을 수립하는데 있어 중요한 요인으로 작용하였다. 따라서 지방자치단체에서는 여성친화적 안전도시 조성의 핵심요소인 운양시스템이 체계적으로 구축되어 있는지를 점검해야 할 것으로 본다. 다시 말해서 운영시스템의 점검 차원에서 경남남도 및 18개 기초자체단체는 여성안전 증진정책 수행을 위한 법령 등을 체계적으로 점검하고 이를 정비할 필요가 있다. 또한 여성안전 증진정책을 수립하는데 있어 주민참여가 중요한 요인으로 작용한 만큼 여성이 안전의 주체가 되어 공공이용시설, 주거환경, 근린생활공간에서 여성들이 느끼는 불안요소에 대처할 수 있는 각종 프로그램을 개발하고 이를 추진하는 과정에서 지역여성의 적극적인 참여를 유도할 수 있는 지원체계를 마련하는 것이 중요하다고 판단된다. The women-friendly safe city is designed to change the environment surrounding the women in diverse ways and encourage individuals and organizations to make efforts for women’s safety and thereby, relieve the women of the fear of the crimes and therethrough, help them to create a safe living environment and live a quality and healthy life. This study set the elements of the women-friendly safe city as independent variables: operating system, residents’ concern and participation, safety program and safety infras. Then, this study examined the effects of such variables on the policy-making of women’s enhanced safety. As a result, it was found that the construction of an operating system and residents’ concern and participation or the grounds for the women-friendly safe city had significant effects on the policy-making of the women’s enhanced safety for public facilities, living environment and amenities. Hence, the local autonomous administrations are urged to check if the operating system or the core element of the women-friendly safe city has been constructed systematically. Namely, the 18 basic local autonomous administrations in Gyeongsangnam-do should check the law and systems for the implementation of the women-friendly safety enhancement policies. In addition, as it was found that residents’ participation was an important factor for the women-friendly policy-making, it is judged that the women should be encouraged to participate in the development of the various programs coping with the fears in the public facilities, living environment and amenities.

여성친화도시 지역브랜드 활성화를 위한 뷰티프로그램 역할에 관한 연구

표연희,정연자 사단법인 한국브랜드디자인학회 2019 브랜드디자인학연구 Vol.17 No.2

Today, as a local brand, the city operates a women-friendly program to encourage local women to participate in society and improve their quality of life. the purpose of this study is to propose ways to use beauty programs to revitalize regional brands in women-friendly cities based on the operation and effectiveness of community programs applied with beauty design. Theoretical and empirical research were combined and the concept of women-friendly city area brand was established as a theoretical study. in an empirical study, the company operated a beauty program for 185 local women in Chungju, which has a regional brand for women-friendly cities. in addition, the survey and F.G.I. were conducted on the program participants to derive the operational effects of the beauty program. The beauty program's advantage is improved concentration and immersion of participants, the formation of happiness and positive feelings, the effect of improving the cultural life level of local women was derived. the function of beauty program can contribute to new technology and knowledge acquisition, encouraging women to participate in the community, revitalizing local brand of women-friendly city, and forming women's personal network in the region, and 86% are satisfied with participation in beauty program. Beauty programs are thought to be able to elicit high immersion. women, and beauty, an area familiar to women, can improve the interest and participation of continuous and active community programs. 오늘날 여성친화도시는 하나의 지역브랜드로써 지역여성의 사회참여 독려와 삶의 질 향상을 위한 여성친화 프로그램을 운영하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 뷰티디자인을 적용한 지역사회 프로그램 운영 및 효과를 바탕으로 여성친화도시의 지역브랜드 활성화를 위한 뷰티프로그램 활용 방안을 제안함에 목적이 있다. 이론적 연구와 실증적 연구를 병행하였으며 이론적 연구로써 여성친화도시 지역브랜드에 대한 개념을 정립하였다. 실증적 연구로는 여성친화도시를 지역브랜드로 하고 있는 충북 충주시의 지역여성 185명을 대상으로 뷰티프로그램을 운영하였다. 또한 프로그램 참여자를 대상으로 설문조사와 F.G.I.를 실시하여 뷰티프로그램의 운영효과를 도출하였다. 뷰티프로그램의 장점으로는 참여자의 집중 및 몰입도 향상, 행복감과 긍정적 감정 형성, 지역여성의 문화생활 수준 향상의 여성친화 지역이미지 구축효과가 도출되었다. 뷰티프로그램의 기능은 새로운 기술 및 지식습득, 여성의 지역사회 참여 독려, 여성친화도시 지역브랜드 활성화, 지역의 여성인적네트워크 형성에 기여할 수 있으며 뷰티프로그램 참여에 대하여 86%가 만족하는 것으로 나타났다. 여성친화도시 지역브랜드 활성화를 위한 뷰티프로그램의 운영은 지역여성들의 높은 호응도와 집중도를 이끌어낼 수 있으며 여성에게 친근한 영역인 뷰티로 하여금 지속적이고 적극적인 지역사회 프로그램 관심도 및 참여도를 향상시킬 수 있다고 여겨진다.

여성 친화적 도시개발에 관한 연구

한연동(Han, Yeon Dong),김천권(Kim, Chun Kwon) 한국지역개발학회 2017 한국지역개발학회 세미나 논문집 Vol.2017 No.1

44 cities in the United States have identified examples of excellent cities for women, families, and children. Women-friendly cities recognize the difference between gender and urban spaces approach urban development and urban planning with a focus on female-centered perspectives, creating a women-friendly city space that ultimately leads to a livable city and a human rights city. However, if women and cities are overly restricted to women, and they are only women-centered, this could be a city for women only and there may be a fear of reverse discrimination. Therefore, women s friendly urban development should be a policy that reflects women s needs first, and should be a concept that moves toward a city for all people by eliminating the inconvenience in city services such as safety, caring and public transportation, public health system.

춘천시 도시환경 여건 인식에 따른 여성친화도시 정책수요 분석 연구

백효진(Hyojin Baek),임혜순(Hyesoon Yim) 강원대학교 사회과학연구원 2020 사회과학연구 Vol.59 No.2

우리나라에서 여성친화도시(Women Friendly City)는 1980년대 들어 도시공간에서 젠더관점의 정책적 논의의 필요성이 이야기된 이후, 2009년 여성가족부 정책으로 도입되면서 기초 지방자치단체에서 실행하는 지역 여성 정책의 새로운 모델로 도입되었다. 여성친화도시를 통해 여성의 사회적 참여와 안전한 도시공간 조성이라는 정책적 과제를 도시공간에 구현시키기 위해서는 정책수요 발굴단계에서 도시환경이 이러한 정책과제를 어떻게 해결할 수 있는가에 초점을 맞출 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 춘천시 20대 이상 여성을 대상으로 일과 근린환경에 대한 인식과 필요정책을 조사하여 군집 및 교차분석을 실시했다. 이를 통해 도시환경 인식에 따른 여성친화도시에 대한 정책수요를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 맞벌이 가족(1유형)과 고령층 무직 및 무급가족종사자(2유형)로 분류되었으며, 두 유형 모두 기업의 가족생활중시 제도와 분위기 조성을 필요정책으로 선택했다. 근린 환경 중에서는 전반적인 치안/안전의 만족도가 보통임에도 불구하고 보육환경의 안전성에 대해서 두 유형 모두 만족도가 낮아 보육환경에 대한 민감도가 높은 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 여성의 일⋅가정 양립을 위해 가장 중요시되는 정책은 기업과 남성의 인식 변화, 기업의 제도적 변화, 직장 및 집 인근의 보육시설 확대, 보육환경 안전성 강화로 도출되었다. 이 연구는 여성친화도시의 주요 목적인 여성의 사회참여 활성화를 뒷받침하기 위한 일⋅가정 양립에 초점을 맞춘 분석으로, 군집분석의 유형 도출에 한계를 가지나, 여성친화도시 조성을 위한 정책수요를 도출하는데 있어 도시환경의 여건인식에 따른 정책수요 발굴을 보여주는데 그 의의가 있다. While traditional urban policies and plans have become male mainstream, women-friendly cities derive policies for realizing gender equal environments. Therefore, it is important to understand the women-friendly environmental conditions in the own region and to derive the women-friendly policy demands required by local women. This study conducted a cluster analysis of women in their 20s and older in Chuncheon City, and cross-analyzed the current status of work and neighborhood environment and political demands. The clusters were classified into middle-aged regular and dual-income families (type 1) and unemployed and unpaid family workers of the elderly (type 2). Both types have difficulty in work-family reconciliation, and the most reason is the burden of child rearing and housework. In the working environment of Type 2, the women friendliness was lower, and the lack of understanding of the family was cited as difficulty. As necessary policies, the corporate regulation and culture that values family were selected in both types. In addition to this, type 1 seemed to recognize the difficulty in work-family reconciliation as a social issue by choosing to create a social culture for expanding men’s participation in household chores and child-rearing and flexible commute time of corporation. On the other hand, type 2 required the expansion of childcare facilities rather than social aspects. In addition, they considered preventing career interruption and employment expansion as more important policies than competency development such as entering into promising fields. It is judged that the work environment of women in Chuncheon is in the basic stage of discussing whether they are employed or not. Among the neighborhood environments, the satisfaction of both types was low for the safety of the childcare environment, although the overall satisfaction with security/safety was moderate. This seems to be highly sensitive to the childcare environment. Type 1 requested childcare facilities in the workplace and type 2 requested it near the home. In other words, it was investigated that it is necessary to build a childcare facility in a short distance where women move frequently. In summary, the most important policies for women’s work-family reconciliation in Chuncheon were derived that changes in the perceptions of corporate and men society, regulations of corporate, expansion of childcare facilities near work and home, and reinforcement of childcare environment safety. This study has limitations in that types could not be further subdivided, but it is significant that Chuncheon City, which is now in the early stages of a women-friendly city, has come up with policies that should be dealt with importantly in the future.

여성친화적 안전도시 조성을 위한 자치입법의 과제

조성제 ( Cho Sung-je ),한동효 ( Han Dong-hyo ) 경상대학교 법학연구소 2017 법학연구 Vol.25 No.2

The Framework Act on Gender Equality article 39 prescribe Women-Friendly Cities that the State and local governments shall strive to develop areas where women and men equally participate in regional policies and development processes, and policies are operated in a way to ensure the empowerment of women and their care and safety. 41) The purpose of Framework Act on the Management of Disasters and Safety is to establish disaster and safety control systems of the State and local governments, and to prescribe matters necessary for the disaster prevention, preparedness, response and recovery, activities for safety culture and disaster and safety control, in order to preserve national land against various disasters and to protect citizens` lives, bodies and property. And the basic concept of this Act is to affirm that the basic obligation of the State and local governments is to prevent disasters and to minimize damage from disasters, in the event of a disaster, and to ensure that citizens may live in a safe society from any disasters, by preferentially addressing safety when all citizens, the State and local governments perform any conduct relating to the safety of lives and physical safety of citizens and to the protection of their property. The two Acts emphasize safety in common. The Framework Act that includes safety concepts is needed. In this Act, define the concept of safety and the responsibilities of the state or local government. The term “Safety Management” means all activities that are carried out to protect people`s lives, bodies, and property from disasters or various other accidents. And the Responsibilities of State and local governments means the State and local governments shall be responsible for protecting lives, bodies, and property of people from disasters or various other accidents, shall endeavor to prevent disasters or various other accidents and to mitigate damage therefrom. These responsibilities should be reflected in the Women-Friendly Safety City Ordinance. As a precedent study, We will theoretically examine women-friendly safe cities. and review elements of women-friendly safety city development. In case of Jinju city, Specifically We suggest a policy in Assigned department and Assignment

여성친화도시 조성을 위한 계획요소 및 우선순위 선정에 관한 연구

송향숙(Song, Hyang-Sook),박태원(Park, Tae-Won) 한국지역개발학회 2013 한국지역개발학회 세미나 논문집 Vol.2013 No.1

Traditionally, men and women s life hasn t been equal and urban space has been changed in a direction to regulate their behavior. Women s social isolation of residential and business areas define women as an household manager, constrain the social activities of women. Public facilities and city park unsafety was also in the same context. In addition, the transit system is also formed for a healthy men to use conveniently. When I go out with young children, urban women as social participants had to undergo difficulty in walking and carrying the baby carriage on tough roads. This will allow you to find the cause in limiting the rights of the city space to women. Thus, the social partners in the future as women recognized correctly the process is required, and gender mainstreaming in all policy areas are the basis that the plan is executed and integrated evaluation is required. Based on these discussions, this study of women in urban areas needs to pay attention to wat s friendly elements was performed. Therefore, the objective of this study women-friendly element analysis to extract factors (Factor Analysis) was used, derived by using the factors the weight of women-friendly planning factors analysis (Analysis Hierarchy Process) conducted by the women-friendly urban planning criterion was to select. In this study, women-friendly planning elements selected a total of six factors, transportation and pedestrian, living and convenience, safety, aesthetic and scenery, care(nurture), residential stability factor. Detailed factors of the elements of the plan, was found to be friendly to female element is required in the entire urban space urban structure, urban architecture, and urban facilities. In addition, priority analysis used six factors by factor analysis. Weight value of the item analysis by the selected group, the safety factors are most preferred by women-friendly urban planning respectively.