청동기시대-초기철기시대 고지성 환구(高地性 環溝)에 관한 고찰

김권구(Kim, Gwongu) 한국상고사학회 2012 한국상고사학보 Vol.76 No.-

This thesis is designed not only to examine the ritual sites on mountaintop or hilltop surrounded with ditches dated the Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age but also to trace the kinds of rituals with related ritual tools. The sites on mountaintop or hilltop surrounded with ditches seem to be ritual sites because they have yielded various ritual vessels as well as they command a fine view. In addition sometimes they have some rocks or stone facilities on mountaintop or hilltop, which might be considered to be related to rituals. In some cases they have only some pillar holes or they have no facility, of which vacant space might be a ritual performance space, The kind of rituals performed there might be related to a celestial ritual rather than terrestial one. Rituals might be mixed with wishes for fertility and peace, or ancestral worship. The celestial rituals practised at the ritual sites on mountain-top mentioned here might be the result of the socio-political strategy of the polity leaders or group leaders during the Early Iron Age to justify their power in the context of high competitions internal or external among the emerging regional polities. The tools used for rituals might include not only some of the sunlight-like designed bronze ritual implements with hanging holes or loops but also wooden divine symbolic objects such as ancestor gods, divine birds, etc. Different ritual objects might be used for different kinds of rituals. In addition it would be useful to have broader perspectives to compare/examine archaeological evidences, historical records, and ethnographic data. Spatial ranges are asked to cover from not only Korea but also Northeastern China, Siberia and Japan. Some researches on Japanese Yayoi rituals and ethnographic examples such as Siberian shaman's ritual places of the Evenks people can be a good reference upon reconstruction of the rituals during the Korean Bronze Age or the Early Iron Age practised at the ritual sites on mountaintop or hilltop surrounded with ditches. Because of the limited examples and logical leaps there are many things to be desired. All faults go to the author.

한국 名山의 頂上標識에 관한 연구

송기헌(Gi-Hyon Song) 한국산림휴양학회 2011 한국산림휴양학회지 Vol.15 No.1

정상표지물 형태의 약 반수가 비석형과 입간판형이다. 크기는 대부분 평균 높이 100㎝ 이상의 중형(中型)이다. 표지물의 재료는 돌이 압도적으로 많다(75.7%). 돌의 색깔은 쑥색(艾石), 검정색(烏石)이 절대 다수이고 대부분 가공되었다. 표지물에 사용된 언어는 한글이 과반수를 차지해서 가장 많다. 영문 표기는 전무하다. 정상표지물을 세운 주체는 행정기관과 지역 산악단체가 약 절반이고 알 수 없는 경우도 3분의 1가량이나 된다. 차후 정상표지물 건립에 대한 본 연구자의 견해는 1봉 1정상표지물의 원칙 수립, 산 높이의 통일, 표지물의 크기는 산의 표고에 비례적으로 맞게, 산형(山形)에 어울릴 수 있도록 비석형 내지 세로형태의 입간판형 표지물 권장, 표지물에 영문 병기의 필요, 오탈자가 없도록 할 것 그리고 잘못된 산명의 수정(修正)이다. About half of the mountaintop signs have monument or standing sign forms. On the average, they are medium-sized, with height of 100㎝ or more. They are usually made of stone (75.7%) and built with dark brownish green or black colored stones. The main language written on them is Korean: it is used on more than half of them, while English is not found at all. About half of them are built by administrative agencies or regional mountain organizations while one third of them cannot be identified. My suggestions are as follows: one mountaintop sign for one peak; unification of the altitude of a mountain; signs of proper size in proportion to the altitude; signs of monument or standing sign form that goes well with the appearance of a mountain; necessity of English written side by side with Korean; no misprint; correction of wrong mountain names.

한국 돌리네 습지의 형성 요인

김태석 ( Tae Suk Kim ),권동희 ( Dong Hi Kwon ) 한국지형학회 2014 한국지형학회지 Vol.21 No.2

This study is to analyze topography, hydrology and soil characteristics to find out the factors of forming doline wetland in the Korean karst area. As a result, topography and hydrology had the main factors in forming wetlands. Doline wetland is mainly formed on the doline well developed large slope favorable to the catchment for the water during the rainy season. Doline wetland makes precipitation and groundwater a source of water, and the distance between the exudation point for groundwater and the wetland showed as the important factor. Although the formation of doline wetland and the drainage capacity of soil didn`t have a great relationship, poorly drained soil showed advantageous characteristics in a short-term catchment. Doline in korea usually developed on the river terrace but Doline wetland has mainly formed in extensive single-doline on the mountaintop and hill slope with relatively well developed slope.

천궁(天宮)으로서의 석굴암(石窟庵)

남동신 ( Dong Sin Nam ) 미술사와 시각문화학회 2014 미술사와 시각문화 Vol.13 No.-

Seokkuram(Seokkuram石窟庵), located on the eastern summit of Mt. Toham near Gyeongju, is a Buddhist shrine in the form of a stone grotto, absolutely unique in East Asian history. The author, viewing Seokkuram not as human-centered but rather a spiritual space, analyzes its uniqueness in light of the fundamental principles of who, what, where, why, when, and how. Methodologically, the paper reinterprets the oldest surviving document concerning Seokkuram found in the Samguk yusa (Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms) from a fresh perspective, and thereby seeks to adduce a new paradigm for research on Seokkuram. Concerning the establishment of Seokkuram, the factual basis of some of the basic questions have already been adequately answered: “who”?Prime Minister Kim Daeseong; “when” the mid-8th century; “where”?in Gyeongju on the eastern summit of Mt. Toham. The first chapter surveys the results of past scholarship, supplementing them in places with the author`s personal views. Continuing with a discussion of the question of “why”, the author analyzes in depth the phrase: “... construct [this] stone Buddhist shrine for [my]departed parents of [a] former generation.” That is, the author notes that the conceptual basis underlying the establishment of Seokkuram incorporated a union of a concern for public good (功德思想) blended with that of filial piety (孝). While such a union had a precedent in Indian Buddhism, the author points out that it was further strengthened within Chinese Buddhism. Accordingly it may be understood as part of the Chinese adaptation of Buddhism. This work places greatest emphasis on Chapter 2, in which the issue of “what was this entity we know as Seokkuram?” is addressed. In fact, the name of Seokkuram (石窟庵) and its prior version, Seokpulsa (Seokpulsa石佛寺), are merely superficial appellations, but up to the present there has been almost no discussion of their true nature or character. The author accords strong significance to a reference to “heavenly palace” (天宮) found in adocument on Buddhist religious teachings, deriving from the first chief monk of Seokpulsa, and sets forth his view that Seokkuram was created by Kim Daeseong as a spiritual space, more specifically as a heavenly palace in which dwelled Indra, ruler of the Trayastrimsa, or Thirty-three Heavens. Last, Chapter 3 concerns itself with ‘how’. Using “heavenly palace” as a central conceptual paradigm, the paper examines the special features of Seokkuram: its location on a mountaintop over a sacred spring, its orientation, its use of stones, and the rotunda of the domed roof. Using these features?which prior scholarship either did not notice, misunderstood, or discussed only partially?a reinterpretation is provided and thereby, at last, it may be said that Seokkuram in its original form is recovered, as created by Kim Daeseong to be in full accord with the countenance of a heavenly palace.

Moving Mountains: Industrial and Environmental Transformations in the Rise and Recession of “China’s Detroit”

빅터 서,류홍윤 한국과학사학회 2021 한국과학사학회지 Vol.43 No.2

In this article, we examine the history of Shiyan, a city located in the midst of mountains that had once been a major center of China’s automobile industry and, in that capacity, a contender for the title of “China’s Detroit.” In particular, we focus on the interplay of environmental conditions and industrial aspirations that undergirded Shiyan’s rise and recession. We begin with the question of how a city built primarily for the manufacturing of automobiles, which of all the technologies of the twentieth century best represented mobility and access, came to be situated in such an inaccessible place. The short answer to that question is that this was a confluence of Cold War concerns and strategic considerations. But we show how the emergence of this city involved the mobilization of considerable labor and materials under conditions of resource scarcity, which then had bearing on the shape that this urban space would take. But while the building of the city, like the building of cities in general, reshaped the surrounding environment, it would be less in its rise than in its recession that we witness the greatest environmental devastation, as mountains began to be leveled in hopes to creating industrial opportunities amid ongoing economic decline.

상승 심리와 초극의지의 시화 -조정권의 「산정묘지」 연작을 중심으로

배호남 ( Ho Nam Bae ) 경희대학교 글로벌인문학술원 2006 비교문화연구 Vol.10 No.2

바통은 이어진다 : 『더 마운틴탑』에 나타난 기억의 윤리적 수행

곽진아 한국중앙영어영문학회 2025 영어영문학연구 Vol.67 No.4

‘신틀(털)-’류 지명의 배경적 고찰

황인덕 한국지명학회 2013 지명학 Vol.19 No.-

Place names are long standing evidences of human culture, the equivalent of fossil records for languages. They contain a wide array of diverse and layered meanings both historically and culturally. As such, an understanding of these place names can occur from many different perspectives. This study is therefore conducted with an interest in understanding place names from a broader perspective. This study compresses such diverse factors under the umbrella term background and examines the place names that include Shin-teul(teol), The existing texts are sourced and separated according to category, and these are examined from different angles in their background. Special care will be placed on emphasizing Korea’s regional connections and cultural uniqueness that led to such place names. The place names that include Shin-teul(teol) are separated into seven types. Such places are located throughout South Korea with the exception of Jeju Island. Overall Shin-teul is more common than Shin-teol. This means that these place names are more often derived from the stone from which the name Shin-teol comes from. The reason why this place name is common is because of the complex influence of numerous factors including the subject and form of straw shoes, the climate, geological and geographical characteristics of Korea, and the fact that shin-teul, the wooden frame of Korean shoes, were widely used. This is, in short, the uniqueness and characteristic seen through the perspective of a Korean context. These place names are unique in that they are not found in Jeju Island. This notable in that this is the result of Jeju Island’s unique characteristics. This is the influence of Jeju Island’s characteristics including geological factors such as the fact that the island is covered in basalt, agricultural livelihoods that revolve around fields rather than paddies, and a rocky environment. 인류 문화의 오랜 증거 자료의 하나인 지명은 언어의 화석이라 할 수 있다. 그만큼 그것은 역사, 문화적으로 여러 가지 측면에서 중층적이고 다면적인 배경을 함의하고 있다. 때문에 그에 대한 이해도 여러 관점에서 이루어질 수 있다. 이 글은 되도록 넓은 관점에서 지명을 이해하자는 취지의 일단으로 필자대로 관심을 기울여본 것이다. 본고에서의 이러한 관점은 기본적으로는 지명의 문화적 이해와 크게 상통한다고 할 수 있다. 그런데 더 넓게 볼 때 문화는 그것을 낳은 자연 배경을 선행 조건으로 하여 이루어진 것이다. 그러므로 지명의 역사성이나 문화적 특성의 이해는 더 근원적으로 이러한 자연적 배경까지를 주목하여 접근함으로써 기대될 수 있다. 우리는 지명 연구에서 이러한 관찰 노력을 더 심화시키는 노력이 필요하다고 본다. 예컨대 버드내를 ‘버들 +내’로 해석하는 것이 일반적이고 표피적인 해석이라면, ‘벌+들+내’로 해석하는 것은 이 지명을 낳은 배경상의 독자성을 더 깊이 유의한 해석이 되는 것이며, 그만큼 그것은 지명의 민족적 고유성에 좀더 충실한 해석이 되는 것과 같은 이치이다. 지명에는 하나의 지명어를 중심으로 하여 그와 관련된 자연배경이 있고, 사물배경도 있으며 문학적 측면으로는 유래설이나 유래담이라는 상상적 배경도 있다. 이 모든 것들이 하나의 지명을 낳고 확산시키는 데에 직간접적으로 관련을 맺고 있으며, 또한 파생지명․중복지명을 낳기도 하면서 상호 부단히 영향을 미치는 가운데 지명은 생명력을 지속하고 있다. 이 글에서는 이러한 여러 요인들을 지명의 ‘배경’이라는 말로 압축하여 ‘신틀(털)-’류 지명을 대상으로 하여 살펴본 것이다. 현지조사를 통하여 기존의 개별 지명 항목에 대한 사실정보를 보완한 뒤, 항목을 유형으로 나누고, 그것들을 주로 배경이라는 각도에서 여러 측면에서 살피고자 했다. 그러한 분석을 통하여 되도록 위 지명을 가능케 한 한국의 자연적․문화적 고유성을 부각하는 데에 유의하고자 했다.

팔공산 관봉 석조여래좌상의 양식 특징과 조성 배경 - 통일신라기 五岳信仰과 관련하여

김춘실 불교미술사학회 2013 불교미술사학 Vol.15 No.-