치조골 복합골절의 정복고정시 탈구치아의 치근관을 통한 배농술의 효과

유재하,김현실,유태민,이지웅,김종배 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2002 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.24 No.5

Treatment of compound alveolar bone fracture consists of reduction and fixation with wound closure of soft tissue laceration. For the proper reduction and fixation, interosseous wiring or splinting of the involved teeth are applied during about 4 weeks. But wound infection around the fracture site may be occurred, because of the presence of devitalized tissues(pulp, bone and soft tissue), residual hematoma and anergy effect of trauma stress. The wound infection results in bone resorption, pulp degeneration and necrosis, wound dehiscence and soft tissue necrosis around the fracture site. Therefore, if the infection will be expected, early proper drainage should be established via the fracture site and root canal of the luxated teeth. The authors treated two cases of compound alveolar bone fracture by the rubber drainage in the fracture site and the endodontic drainage by open canal of the luxated teeth, with the usual reduction and fixation by use of arch bar and resin. The prognosis was more favorable without wound infection, bone resorption, teeth mobility and specific root resorption.

부산지역 시정악화의 원인 분석

김유근,문윤섭,배주현,곽진 한국환경과학회 1999 한국환경과학회지 Vol.8 No.6

After analyzing the correlation between air pollution and visibility, TSP and NO_2 is responsible for poor visibility in Pusan. After analyzing the correlation between meteorological factors and visibility, general pattern of humidity has clear negative correlation. The variation of wind speed has a positive correlation. In order to investigate the cause of poor visibility in Pusan area, the Andersen sampler and PM-2.5 are used to collect and analyze aerosol. This study was carried out to monitor the visibility using Forward scattering meter and to find out the characteristics and the cause of good visibility case and poor visibility case by measuring and analyzing a variety of parameters, such as particle size distributions, chemical compositions, and meteorological conditions in Pusan. According to the analysis of intensive sampling, NO_3^-, NH_4^+ ion concentration increased together with the mass concentration around 0.5∼2.5㎛ approximately during the case of poor visibility. NH_4NO_3, NH_4Cl, and NaCl were thought to be the major components of fine particles.

Forward Scattering Meter 측정에 의한 부산의 하계 시정 특성

김유근,배주현,이수현 한국환경과학회 2000 한국환경과학회지 Vol.9 No.5

Visibility reduction is a barometer of air pollution, which people can notice easily. First of all, we need to measure quantified visibility continuously in order to examine visibility reduction. Prevailing visibility is not practical to measure visibility depending on observer's expertness. Scattering visibility using Forward Scattering Meter (Belfort Visibility Sensor 6230) has been measured at Kwangan-Dong in Pusan and analysed since July, 1998. According to the analysis, the correlation coefficient(R) between prevailing visibility and scattering visibility was 0.7235. The visibility appeared that each frequency of poor visibility (under 6㎞) and good visibility(over 25㎞) was 10.6%, 9.7% on summertime in Pusan and the visibility range from 10km to 20km ranked high frequency as a half of whole ranges. The order of correlation coefficients between visibility and air pollutants are ranking CO, PM_10 and NO_2, that values are 0.5878, 0.5369, 0.5284 respectively. In meteorological factor, the case of poor visibility presented more weakly wind speed and higher relative humidity than the case of good visibility. The correlation coefficient between calculated visibility of multiple linear regression model and observed visibility was 0.7215. But the trend of calculated and observed visibility variation was similar with the exception of several good visibility cases.

BLP 보안 모델에서 무결정 강화

김현배,조강명,원유헌 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1995 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.6 No.-

The BLP security model is a formal descritiption of the allowable paths of information flow in a securie system. The properties of BLP security model for secure flow of information are simple security property and *-property. However, it did not consider the the integrity of data. In this paper, the abstract security model to enforce security and integrity was introduced. The properties of the abstract model are consisted of read property, write property, and create property. They were modified from BLP security model to enforce integrity. The abstract security model was implemented on Linux system by adding MAC (Mandatory Access Control) function to the kernel which is responsible for file management.. MAC function satisfies the properties of the abstract model.

수부화상의 이차적 치료

김용배,방유현,이진호,박종섭 大韓成形外科學會 1983 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.10 No.3

A functionless hand resulting from the sequalae of a thermal burn is very serious. It prevents restoration of socioeconomic behavior. Since the magnitude of this problem is rewards for the most deligent and competent primary care greater. It can not be emphasized too strongly the result of good primary care are always superior to what one can expect from secondary restoration. The pathogenesis of the functionless hand is caused by a triad of factors resulting from thermal injury that together lead to the rapid stiffening of joints and adhesion of tendons. This triad of factors is edema, inflammation, and immobilization. (Beasley, 1981) Thus, the principles for primary care of burned hands leading to rapid recovery and minimal complications are now established and many kinds of methods are proposed. But, despite much effort, many circumstances prevent ideal primary care and we are still confronted with the need for secondary repairs. Secondary repair of burned hands requires a careful, cojmprehensive and individualized plan for each patien, and with due respect to all the patient's problems. We reviewed 42 cases of the postburn hand deformities which were operated on in our Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery from 1976 to 1981.

경막 내 colistimethate 투여로 치료한 다제 내성 cinetobacter baumannii 뇌실염

홍유아,유진홍,김진진,모은영,안건희,정희경,김진석,이현정,정미향,윤승배 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.4

Acinetobacter species is a non-fermentative aerobic gram-negative coccobacillus that is an important pathogen found in nosocomial infections. Recently, multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) infections have been increasing and pose a serious problem. Most such infections present as bacteremia, pneumonia, or a wound infection; however, CNS infections are very rare. We herein present a case of ventriculitis caused by MDR-AB in a 37-year old man after a neurosurgical intervention. The patient was successfully treated with intrathecal colistimethate.

간세포암환자에서 간동맥 화학 색전술 후 발생한 리피오돌에 의한 폐렴 1예

김소이,김유리,허현미,배서은,이명원,최윤정,김고흔,김태헌,유 권,문일환 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2009 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.32 No.2

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of common causes of cancer-related death in Korea where the majority of HCC patients were Hepaitc B virus(HBV)carriers and have cirrhosis. Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is commonly applied to the treatment of multinodular HCC in Korea and careful selection of candidate is important for the risk of various side effects. Besides common side effects as fever, nausea, abdominal pain and elevation of liver enzyme, TACE may predispose to hepatic failure, ischemic cholecystitis, pulmonary embolism, cerebral embolism and pneumonitis. In previous studies, some cases of pulmonary and cerebral embolism cases were reported but lipiodol pneumonitis after TACE was rarely reported. A 65-year-old woman with a multinodular HCC associated with HBV infection, was treated with TACE. Seven days after the procedure, nonspecific respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea and dry cough developed. Chest X-ray and chest computed tomography showed diffuse ground glass opacities in whole lung fields, suggestive of lipiodol pneumonitis. After several days of supportive care with steroid administration, radiologic abnormalities and subjective symptoms were much improved, considered that the disease was compatible with lipiodol pneumonitis.

自然資源 Cartel化와 이에 對應한 緩衝在庫 運用方案

김기태,정현식,김유배,이종원 成均館大學校 韓國産業硏究所 1981 韓國經濟 Vol.9 No.-

원유수출국기구 OPEC이 1973년 이후 가격Cartel화를 통해 원유가를 계속적으로 성공리에 인상시킴에 따라 다른 자연자원수출국들이 이에 자극을 받아 OPEC을 모방한 국제기구들을 새로 조직하거나 기존기구들의 활동을 강화하게 되었으니 그 주요한 예로 ITC, CIPEC, IBA 그리고 AIEC등을 들 수 있다. 이로 인해 주요원자재의 국제가격이 급상승하는 현상을 낳게 되어 세계각국, 특히 자원수입국경제에 지대한 영향을 미치게 되었다. 한편 후진국이 중심이 되어 발족된 UNCTAD는 그들 경제문제의 보다 적극적인 해결방안의 일환으로 그들의 주요수출품인 자연자원의 Cartel화를 추진하는 한편 이른바 신국제경제질서를 주창하며 국제종합상품대책을 마련하여 후진자원수입국들의 수출수익안정 및 증대를 도모함에 따라 세계적 Inflation 현상을 가속시키게 되었다. 자연자원의 부존상태가 빈약하여 대부분을 수입에 의존해야 하는 한국은 수입원자재가격의 급등으로 국내물가 및 수출에 지대한 피해를 입게 되었고 지속적인 경제성장에 제동이 걸렸다. 본 연구는 해외로부터의 자원의 안정적인 공급방안의 하나로 완충재고 운용효과를 분석코자 국제자연자원시장의 현황을 살펴보는 동시에 이들 가격의 변동으로 인한 국내경제에의 영향에 대하여 새로 기존연구결과 및 자료를 토대로 정리하였다. 한편 완충재고의 운용방식 및 효과분석에 알맞는 모형을 설정코자 역대의 제반이론을 비교 검토하였다. 검토결과, 기존하는 대부분의 이론들인 폐쇄경제(Closed Economy)하에서 완충재고를 운용할 때에 공급자 및 소비자에 미치는 영향을 중심으로 전개되었음이 밝혀져 본연구의 목적을 성취시키기 위하여는 새로운 모형의 개발이 필요시됨을 알 수 있었다. 즉 개방경제하에서 한국과 같은 소국이 자체만의 비축을 통하여 외생적으로 주어지는 국제가격으로부터의 충격을 완화시킬 수 있는 모형은 전무하였다. 따라서 본고에서는 Konandreason과 Schmitz의 분석을 토대로 새로운 모형을 도입하여 사용하였고 소국이 국제무역에서 갖는 특징을 감안하여 부분완충화방안의 하나인 가격안정대(Price-Band)정책을 운용한다는 가정하에 적정비축량을 산정하였다. 연구대상품목으로서는 해외의존도 및 가격Cantel화정도 등의 기준에 의거하여 원유, 원당, 철강석, 원면 및 알루미늄의 5개원자재를 선정하였고 통계적 추정에 있어서는 세계시장의 경우 연립방정식, 그리고 국내시장은 1차방정식체계를 이용하였다. 여기서 추정된 국제 및 국내방정식을 토대로 1980년부터 1985년까지 6개년간의 국내가격예측치를 산정하였고 이들 가격을 장기 추세치(3년 이동평균을 사용하였음)을 중심으로 하는 가격 안정대에 추지시키는데 소요되는 비축량을 계산하였다. 계산결과, 원유 및 알루미늄에 대해서만 타당성 있는 비축량이 얻어졌고 이들 두 품목 중 원유의 경우는 시장가격을 안정대내에 묶어두기 위해서는 실로 막대한 비축물량(5%가격 안정대 경우 전체수입의 약 30% 내지 127%)이 필요한 것으로 나타나 실현가능성이 희박한 것으로 나타났으며 알루미늄경우에 한해 합당한 수준의 가격완충용 비축물량이 계산되었다. 본연구가 선정했던 5개 품목 중 단 두 품목에 대하여만 당초 의도했던 적정비축량 산정이 가능했던 점은 주로 자료부족에 연유하는 것이었으나 이외에도 본연구결과가 갖는 한계성을 지적해 둘 필요가 있을 것이다. 첫째, 완충재고운용에 소요되는 비용을 자료부족으로 인해 고려하지 못함으로서 완충제도자체의 효율성분석(Cost-Benefit Analysis)이 다루어 질 수 없었다. 둘째, 국내시장의 경우 대부분의 품목이 국내생산이 전무하거나 무시할 수 있을 정도로 미미한 상태에서 국내수요와 수입의 구분이 불투명하였고 따라서 소비자 및 공급자가 비축제도운용으로부터 얻는 득실에 대한 논의를 전개시킬 수 없었다. 셋째, 앞서 지적한 자료의 불충분으로 구조방정식을 완전한 연립방정식체계로 설정할 수 없었고 따라서 장기가격 추세치를 직접도출하지 못하여 적정비축량 산출에 있어 동태적 Simulation을 적용치 못하고 나아가서는 비축량의 확보시기를 명시하지 못한 채 소요방출량만을 제원 하는데 그쳤다.

국소침 윤마취시 Epinephrine 효과에 대한 관찰

金鳳謙,金容培,方裕鉉,朴種燮,柳在德 大韓成形外科學會 1983 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.10 No.1

The local anesthetics play a central and frundamental role, for they comprise, probably, the single most widely used group of durgs in the field of plastic surgery. Also many plastic surgical procedures require the use of a vasoconstrictor to reduce operative bleeding under both general and local anesthesia. Among local anesthetics, lidocaine, introduced by Lofgren in 1948, is one of most widely used local anesthetics and most frequently used for infiltration anesthesia with 0.5% to 1 0%solution. Also eqinephrine is one of the most potent and most useful vasoconstrictors for admixture with thesolution of local anesthetics for infiltration of tissue. In the clinical practice, it has been said that the concentration of lidocaine and epinephrine should be kept at the minimal level of effectiveness because of the epinephrine performs a dual service when is combined with lidocaine. In order to clarify the minimum concentration of the lidocaine and epinephrine respectively necessary for adequate duration of anesthesia, with less irritation of local tissue and less bleeding, the clinical observation and animal experiment were undertaken, and the following results were summarized. The most effective skin blanching by epinephrine was obtained with epinephrine concentration of 1 : 50,000 although some effect was still presented with epinephrine concentration of 1 : 800,000. The onset of maximum skin blanching following the local infiltration of lidocaine with epinephrine(1 : 50,000 to 1 : 400,000) was within 5 minutes and was lasting 20 to 40 minutes. When the skin incision was made 5 minutes to 15 minutes following local infiltration of epinephrine, the amount of bleeding was markedly decreased and no significant difference in the time of hemostasis was noticed(p〉0.1). Also no significant difference in the time of hemostasis was noticed in the different concentration (1 : 100,000 and 1 : 200,000) of epinephrine(p〉0.1). The optimum concentration of epinephrine is between 1 : 200,00 to 1 : 400,000 solution and the optimum concentration of lidocaine is 0.5%.

H9c2 심근 세포주에서 외인성 nitric oxide가 허혈에 의한 세포 독성에 미치는 영향

정성구,장현용,김명천,고영관,정주호,배영미,박원서,김대중,유영민,김성수,임성빈 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Background: Nitric oxide(NO) is known to have protective effects on an ischemic heart and to exert triggering effects on ischemic preconditioning. However, the effects of NO during the ischemic period have not been investigated. To investigate the role of exogenous nitric oxide in a model of ischemic heart cell death, we studied the effects of ischemic preconditioning and ischemia in a normal and an ischemic buffer. Methods: Rat cardiac myoblast cells(H9c2) were cultured in a normal and an ischemic buffered medium. For the ischemic culture of heart cells, the cells were cultured in a dessicator with GasPak for 5 hrs. In ischemic preconditioning, the cells were pretreated with ischemic buffer for 5 min and then perfused with normal medium for 30 min. For the measurement of the cytotoxicity, a MTT(3-4-Sdimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay was performed. A DAPI(4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride) staining procedure and a flow cytometry analysis were performed to confirm apoptotic cell death by ischemia. Results: Cell viability, as determined by using a MTT assay, showed that the preconditioned group treated with NO showed more cell death than with the not-preconditioned groups in both normal and ischemic buffers. But, In normal medium and not-preconditioned groups, NO showed protective effect according to the concentrations(100,1000μM) . No treatment with NO produced the different results. In normal medium, the protective effect of ischemic preconditioning was demonstrated, but no protective effect of ischemic preconditioning could be seen in the case of the ischemic buffer. The DAPI staining and flow cytometry analysis of heart cells showed characteristic apoptotic features. Conclusion: NO added in the ischemic phase had deterious effects on heart cells. Ischemic preconditioning was more harmful than ischemia alone. The toxicity of the cells was characteristic apoptosis.