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이지영 ( Lee Jiyoung ),최경원 ( Choi Kyongwon ) 대한정치학회 2021 대한정치학회보 Vol.29 No.1
For North Korean defectors, a successful settlement in South Korea is a stable job involving workplace adaptation. For most North Korean defectors, however, stable employment and work life are only a long way off. The employment rate of North Korean defectors is still low, and the government's employment support policy is diversifying and improving, but the satisfaction level of social adaptation education and work life felt by North Korean defectors is not sufficient. Prejudice and discrimination against North Korean defectors exist in the South Korean labor market, and North Korean defectors are still in many difficulties in settling in South Korean society. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the causes of North Korean defectors' failure to adapt to work and present solutions. This study is different from other existing studies by simultaneously analyzing the evaluation of North Korean defectors from the perspective of employers and the status of North Korean defectors' employment at work. Based on the results of these analyses, four directions are presented to improve the government's policy to support North Korean defectors' settlement for stable employment and workplace adaptation. First, social adaptation and workplace adaptation education at North Korean Refugee Settlement Support Office should lead to job adaptation education centered on field experience that suits the aptitude and ability of North Korean defectors, and should be conducted as a step-by-step customized course for re-socialization for a sufficient period. Second, by strengthening the responsibilities and roles of the Ministry of Employment and Labor and the Korea Industrial Manpower Corporation, vocational training institutions should provide customized vocational technology education to help North Korean defectors live on their own. Third, the government, local governments, civic groups, and North Korean Refugee Settlement Support Office should establish cooperative governance to help North Korean defectors receive online and offline education systematically from the perspective of lifelong education in terms of social adaptation education, political system education, and economic management education necessary for actual employment and settlement. Fourth, stable jobs should be created continuously by expanding employment opportunities for North Korean defectors and rebuilding the employment support system.
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