해양수산 산업분야 재해예방을 위한 입법론적 연구

진호현 한국해사법학회 2025 해사법연구 Vol.37 No.3

The newly introduced safety policy of the Lee Jae-myung administration is fundamentally oriented toward enhancing worker safety and preventing industrial accidents. Its core strategies include the establishment of an integrated governance framework, the reinforcement of systems for preventing serious accidents, and the protection of workers across diverse employment types. These measures reflect a strong commitment to creating and maintaining safe industrial workplaces through a unified management structure, ensuring that no worker—regardless of employment status or workplace type—is left vulnerable or excluded. The rate of accidents in the marine and fisheries industries is higher than in land-base industries in Korea. In particular, the industrial accident rate in the fisheries sector was about four to eight times higher than that in land industries. The maritime and fisheries industry has a different risk from the manufacturing or construction industry on land because the industry has been developed through ships and the sea. The maritime and fisheries industry is separately managed by the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, and it has developed independently from the current laws and institutions in the field of industrial safety and health. However, the unfortunate part is that as individual laws and regulations in the field of marine and fisheries have developed independently, there are gaps and blind spots in the items that individual laws and regulations should have if they were a system related to safety and health. Considering the unique characteristics and high risk of occupational accidents in the marine and fisheries industry, it is necessary to establish a comprehensive basic law that systematically governs matters related to occupational safety and health in this sector. This study proposes a legislative framework to address these issues from a normative perspective. Furthermore, it highlights the need for a dedicated organization—similar to the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency—that can effectively manage safety and health operations in the marine and fisheries industry. Specific suggestions are presented regarding the structure and roles of such an organization, aimed at preventing industrial accidents and enhancing safety management within the sector.

재난 예방을 위한 ETV 도입에 관한 연구 방사성폐기물 사고 및 해양사고 예방을 위한 해양경찰의 역할을 중심으로

진호현 해양환경안전학회 2018 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.24 No.6

우리나라는 원자력 발전소를 운영하면서 발생하는 중·저준위 방폐물을 경북 경주시에 위치한 방폐물처분장을 통하여 영구적으로 처분하고 있다. 하지만 방폐물의 해상운송은 해양사고의 위험성에 노출되어 있고, 이에 관하여 해양경찰의 기능과 역할적 관점에서 안전성 확보를 위한 제도의 도입이 필요할 것이다. 특히 우리나라는 허베이스프리트 사고 또는 세월호 사고 등 국가적 재난에 해당하는 대형 해양사고로 인하여 사회적 영향을 받은 바 있으므로, 이를 대비한 대응체계가 필요할 것이다. 이러한 관점에서 우리나라의 방폐물 해상운송의 현황을 파악해 보고, 외국 주요국의 대응체계에 대해서 살펴보았다. 주요 사고 사례를 검토한 결과, 이와 유사한 핵물질 운반선 및 위험물 운반선의 사고 등 사회적, 지역적, 국제적 영향을 미칠 수 있는 해양사고에 긴급하게 대응하고자 유럽 국가를 중심으로 비상예인선(ETV) 선단을 운용하고 있었으며 일정 부분 효과를 증명하고 있다. 이를 바탕으로 한국형 ETV의 도입을 제시한다. 즉, 핵물질 운송선박, 대형 유조선, 대형 여객선 등의 해양사고와 같이 막대한 환경적, 재산적, 인명적 손해로 이어질 수 있는 대형 해양사고의 초기 대응을 위해 비상예인기능, 유류오염 방제기능과 구조 장비 및 인력 수송이 가능한 한국형 ETV의 도입이 필요하리라 보인다. 이를 통해 해양경찰의 해양사고 대응기능의 향상으로 이어지며, 국가적 재난에 대한 초기대응의 골든타임을 놓치지 않게 되어 귀중한 인명과 재산을 지키고 환경을 보호하는데 일조할 것이다. Korea has disposed of medium and low level radioactive waste generated by operating nuclear power plants permanently through the radioactive waste repository located in Gyeongju. However, the maritime transport of radioactive waste is exposed to the risk of marine accidents, and it will be necessary to introduce a system to secure safety from the viewpoint of the function and role of the Korea Coast Guard. Especially, Korea is affected by large-scale marine accidents, such as the Hebei Spirit or Sewol accidents. From this point of view, we analyzed the current status of Korea radioactive waste shipping and examined the response systems of major foreign countries. As a result of examining major cases of accidents, we have operated an Emergency Towing Vessel (ETV) fleet centering on European countries in order to respond urgently to marine casualties that may have social, regional and international effects, such as accidents of similar nuclear material carriers and dangerous cargo ships. It proves a partial effect. Based on this, we propose the introduction of the Korean ETV System. In other words, it is necessary to respond to large-scale marine accidents that could lead to enormous environmental, property, and personal damage, such as marine accidents involving nuclear material ships, large oil tankers, and large passenger ships. For this, it seems necessary to introduce Korea ETV, which can carry out emergency towing, oil pollution control function, large - scale rescue equipment and manpower. This will lead to the enhancement of the Korea Coast Guard response to marine accidents, and will not miss the golden time of the initial response to the national disaster, which will help protect precious people, property and the environment.

선원인권교육의 도입 방안에 관한 기초연구

진호현,이창희 해양환경안전학회 2019 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.25 No.5

In line with the United Nations' Action Plan for the First and Second World Programme for Human Rights, countries around the world are making efforts to strengthen and develop human rights education through voluntary participation and improvement of the legal system. South Korea is also trying to spread human rights education under the leadership of the National Human Rights Commission of the Republic of Korea, but there has been no significant progress so far. Moreover, it has failed to pay close attention to the human rights issues of seafarers on board. This study identified the phenomenological problems based on an analysis of domestic and international literature, and of cases of violation of seafarers’ human rights. It utilized the interactivity research method to create an educational environment for improving the human rights situation of seafarers on board mixed-nationality crew vessels. In doing so, the research suggests the introduction of human rights education for seafarers and the implementation of a human rights education program in designated educational institutions as fundamental solutions to the human rights issues of seafarers, as these have been pointed out as the main cause of conflicts in mixed-nationality crew vessels. 유엔의 제1차 및 2차 세계인권프로그램 행동계획에 따라 세계 개별 국가들은 자발적 참여와 법제도의 정비를 통하여 인권교육의 강화와 발전을 위하여 노력하고 있다. 이러한 시대적 상황변화에 따라 우리나라는 인권위원회를 중심으로 인권교육을 확산하려고 노력하고 있으나, 큰 진전이 없고 더욱이 승선 중인 선원인권에 대해서는 제대로 된 관심을 기울이지 못하고 있다. 따라서 이 연구는 혼승선박에 승선하고 있는 선원들의 인권강화를 위한 교육환경을 조성하기 위하여 이와 관련된 국내외 각종 문헌자료와 선원인권침해 사례를 바탕으로 현상학적인 문제를 인식하고 상호주관적인 연구방법을 활용하였다. 이를 통하여 최근 혼승선박에서 발생하는 갈등의 핵심 원인으로 지목되고 있는 선원인권에 대한 근원적인 해결책으로 선원인권교육의 도입 필요성과 지정교육기관의 인권교육과정에 대한 방안을 제시하였다.

해양플랜트 지원사업 활성화를 위한 입법론적 연구 - 해운법 개정을 중심으로 -

진호현,이창희,Jin, Ho-Hyun,Lee, Chang-Hee 해양환경안전학회 2015 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.21 No.4

This paper considered the concept and characteristic OSV operation business for support the offshore plant and suggested amendment Maritime Transportation Laws, legislative proposals to solve the legal absence and to develop offshore service industry. Because Maritime Transportation Laws specialized for the carriage of passenger and goods by sea is not perfectly covered with Offshore support business in Korea. So it is necessary to make an explicit amendments for the article of Maritime Transportation Laws that founds absence of the law with the definition of terms to correspond related existed regulation reflected on the characteristic offshore support business by using OSV to develop offshore plant industry including support, service, supply, transportation etc. I expect that this paper will be a basic study to make a government policy, law, regulation to activate Offshore Service Industry in the future.

강제도선행위 책임의 법해석론적 고찰

진호현,김진권 전북대학교 동북아법연구소 2017 동북아법연구 Vol.11 No.2

대부분의 국가의 도선사들은 항해에 정통하고 있으며, 무엇보다 해당 지역의 수역에 대해서 정통하고 있는 자들이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 도선사의 과실로 인하여 선박이 충돌하거나 좌초되는 등의 해양사고가 발생할 수 있다. 이 경우 내부적 법률관계에 있어서 직·간접적 손실을 본 해당 선박소유자, 그로부터 위임을 받아 선내지위를 책임지고 있는 선장, 그리고 행위자인 도선사는 이러한 손실에 대한 책임을 부과하기 위한 자를 지정하는 과정에 있어서 갈등이 발생한다. 이러한 갈등은 아주 오랜기간 동안 여러 해운국에서 정리하지 못한 사항이었다. 이에 대한 쟁점은 도선 중인 선박의 도선사는 임시적으로 선장의 지위에 있는가, 아니면 조종을 지원하는 도선사에 불과한 것인가, 즉, 도선사는 선박의 지휘권을 선장으로부터 빼앗아 진정한 지휘를 할 수 있는가, 아니면 그렇지 않은가에 대한 문제이다. 법리의 변화에 따라서 도선사의 도선행위는 선장의 조언행위임을 각국의 입법을 통하여 천명하고 있다. 우리나라 도선법은 “도선사가 선박을 도선하고 있는 경우에도 그 선박의 안전한 운항을 위한 선장의 책임은 면제되지 아니한다”라고 규정하여 그 책임에 대하여 선장과 도선사에게 병과하고 있다. 그러나 강제도선의 경우에는 그 행위의 법적구성요건이 임의도선과는 조금 다르다. 강제도선은 법률에 의거하여 선박소유자가 원하건 원하지 않건 도선행위를 요청하여야 하고, 도선사는 요청에 따라 도선행위를 시행하여야 한다. 이 경우 해양사고가 발생하게 되면 그 책임문제를 심도 있게 생각해보아야 한다. 강제도선제도에 대한 법적성질을 살펴보면 우선, 강제도선계약은 민법상 고용·도급·부합계약이며, 공법상 사인상호간의 계약이라는 해상법에서만 찾아볼 수 있는 특별한 행정계약이라고 할 수 있다. 그리고 강제도선행위에 대하여는 법률행위적 행정행위로 볼 수 있다. 이 경우 강제도선사는 공무수탁사인 또는 공의무부담사인으로 볼 수 있는데, 강제도선행위를 공익성 중심의 국가의 사무로 해석하는 경우와 사익성 중심으로 해석하는 경우에 달라질 수 있다. 이 논문에서는 강제도선행위에 대한 연혁적 배경 및 법적 구성요건 등을 파악하여 강제도선제도의 법적 성질에 대해서 살펴보고, 궁극적으로는 우리나라 강제도선제도의 이해를 바탕으로 해운산업발전에 도움이 되고자 한다. There is a person who will be the first to greet a ship that has sailed for a long time, It is a pilot. A pilot is a safe and prompt guide to the ship which is pilot on board a vessel to navigate a certain area of water, It is the pilot system that institutionalized it. In the literature, It was found that it was also in the Hammurabi era to pilot of the ship, so the pilot system was about 3,800 years old. Most of the countries' pilots are well versed in sailing, and most of all, they are familiar with the local waters. Nevertheless, Marine accident such as ship collision or stranding may occur due to the negligence of the pilot. In this case, In the internal legal relationship, the owner of the vessel who has suffered direct or indirect loss, the captain who has been delegated commanded by the ship from his owner and the performer, the pilots were conflicts arise in the process of assigning persons to impose responsibility for these losses. These conflicts could not be sorted out by many shipping nations for a very long period. For this focussing issue is “is the pilot who vessel conducting temporarily on the status of the captain’s position ?”, or “is it just a pilot who supports piloting ?”. In other words, the pilot is able to take the command of the ship from the captain then conduct the true command, or not. According to the changes of the legal principles, the pilot's conduct is explained by the legislation of each country that it is the performance of advising the captain. However, the compulsory pilot is some different from the arbitrary pilot what the requirements for legal composition. The compulsory pilots, In accordance with the law, ship owners should request the pilot of ships, whether they wishes or not, and the pilot must carry out the pilot upon request. In this case, we are wondering about the problem of responsibility when a marine accident. The purpose of this paper is to study the legal components requirements and the historical background of compulsory pilot system and to know about legal principles of compulsory pilot. As a result, I intend to contribute to the development of the shipping industry based on understanding of the Korea compulsory pilot system.

선박관리산업발전법안의 분석과 개선방안에 관한 연구

진호현,이윤철,Jin, Ho-Hyun,Lee, Yun-Cheol 해양환경안전학회 2011 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.17 No.3

Korea ship management industry originated from overseas seamen employment business since 1963 in the Republic of Korea. Recently, new trend of shipping business has developed in a separate way with ship's ownership and management, that is, cargo business which is in charge of shipowner and practical affairs for ship operation which is in charge of specialized ship management company. Ship Management Industry is being focused as a new development engine with the anticipation of continuous development over 10% a year leading a competitiveness and saving cost in the world market. Therefore, "Draft Ship Management Industry Development Act" was suggested by the shipping business group and academic scholars as a result of continuous research for a long time. This was also submitted to the national assembly for adoption as a national law. The purpose of this paper is to make a contribution to the development of Korea ship management industry through the consideration of each article of this draft Act implications and suggestion of legal and institutional improvements. The result of this study will ultimately contribute to the growth of the Korean ship management industry and enhance their business scope internationally. For the above mentioned purpose, I focus on nurturing and supporting Korea ship management industry, and accreditation of superior ship management industry, etc. within the scope of the submitted draft act.

선원법상 선원의 근로조건에 관한 문제점 및 개선방안에 관한 연구

진호현 전북대학교 동북아법연구소 2019 동북아법연구 Vol.13 No.2

The Korean Seafarers Act was first legislated in 1962, and has since been revised dozens of times. The issue of the seafarers is a matter of the seafarers’ system, and there is a Seafarers Acts as a tool to realize this system. And as the society changes, the Seafarers Acts has changed as the laws reflecting the society are prepared. Since the Seafarers Acts is the intersection of the Maritime Laws and Labour Laws, expertise in these two fields are necessary to deal with Seafarers Acts. At the present time, where the seafarer job avoidance phenomenon is intensifying, I think it is necessary to improve the Seafarers’ Acts concerning the working conditions of seafarers. In this paper, I clarified the problem of the working conditions of the seafarers in the current Seafarers Acts which I identified and suggested the improvement. 우리 선원법은 1962년 처음 제정된 이후 수십 차례의 개정을 통하여 현재에 이르렀다. 선원의 문제는 선원제도에 관한 문제이고, 이러한 제도를 실현하는 도구로써 선원법이 있다. 그리고 사회가 변화함에 따라 그 사회를 반영하여 선원법 역시 변화하였다. 선원법은 해사법과 노동법이 교차하는 영역이므로 선원법을 잘 다루기 위해서는 이 두 가지 분야에 대한 전문지식이 필요하다. 또한 선원의 문제는 사람의 문제이기 때문에 발생하는 문제의 종류가 다양하다. 따라서 선원법령 자체가 갖고 있는 법적 안정성과 선원법을 해석하고 적용하는 선원법을 다루는 법률가의 책임감과 전문성이 중요하다. 선원직업 기피현상이 심화되고 있는 현 시점에서 선원근로조건에 관한 선원법령의 개선이 필요하다고 판단되었다. 이 논문에서는 필자가 식별한 현행 선원법령에 대한 문제점 중에서 선원의 근로조건에 관한 문제를 도출하고 개선방안을 제시하였다.

Neurotoxicity Assessment of Tire Derived 6PPD and 6PPD-quinone Through Chronic Exposure in Adult Zebrafish

진호현,김기태 환경독성보건학회 2024 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2024 No.5

선체용선 등록제도 도입에 관한 입법론적 연구

진호현,김진권 한국해양비즈니스학회 2019 해양비즈니스 Vol.- No.44

In order to use a vessel of more than a certain size for commercial purposes, the ship's nationality must be determined, the seafarers should be embarked, and various mandatory regulations in accordance with international standards must be implemented. And the cargo must be shipped to the vessel to use the original value of the vessel. The nationalities of those who have jurisdiction over a variety of purposes for using the vessel are also diverse. And seafarers of various nationalities are on board. Humans face various disputes during social activities. At this time, the law is a factor that resolves disputes smoothly. And there are countries that have jurisdiction over such laws. In the field of shipping, the nationality of a ship is a strong factor which serves as the basis for its jurisdiction. In recent years there has often been legal disputes over the bareboat charter of hire purchase vessels. Korean lawyers the views are compatible that the BBCHP vessel is a foreign vessel and has no jurisdiction and that the vessel has a real right to operate, so it must be jurisdiction and protect by real ownership, even though it is flag of convenience registry. In order to resolve such legal disputes, it is necessary to introduce a bareboat charter registration system. The bareboat charter registration system may benefit the Korean shipping industries and ship owners, but it may also be a disadvantage. Because jurisdiction is sometimes regulated but sometimes protected. The choice is left only to the ship owner using the law. In this paper, I review the legislative cases of various countries and the precedents of Korean court the bareboat charter registration system and propose a legislative improvement plan.

어선안전 및 어선원 관련 국제협약 수용의 필요성 및 방안에 관한 연구

진호현 전북대학교 동북아법연구소 2020 동북아법연구 Vol.14 No.1

우리나라는 세계적인 어업국이지만 국제사회에서 불법어업국으로 지정된 바 있으며, 다양한 노력 끝에 불법어업국 지정을 해제하였으나, 최근 미국에 의하여 다시 예비 불법어업국으로 지 정되었다. 최근 국제사회는 불법어업에 대해서 단순히 규정을 위반하고, 포획한 수산생물의 미보고 등 의 수준으로 인식하는 것이 아니라 파괴적인 어업방식으로 해양생태계를 위협하고, 연안국의 자원을 강탈하며, 빈번하게 자행되는 어선원의 인권침해 등 비위생적이고 비인간적인 산업방식 과 연관된다고 인식하고 있다. 따라서 국제사회는 어선의 안전과 어선원과 관련된 국제협약을 각국이 수용하는 것은 어선의 안전 확보와 어선원의 인권을 보호할 수 있으며, 더 나아가서는 불법어업의 예방적 활동이라고 인식하고 주장하고 있다. 이 논문에서는 어선의 안전 및 어선원과 관련된 주요 국제협약의 내용을 살펴보고, 불법어업 에 대한 국제사회의 인식 변화에 따른 국내수용의 다양한 필요성 등을 검토하여 국내 수용방안 을 도출하고자 한다. The Republic of Korea is a world-class fishing country but has been designated as an illegal fishery country by the international community. After a lot of effort, it was released as an illegal fisheries country. however, Recently, The Korea was again designated as a reserve illegal fishing country by the United States of America. In recent years, the international community is not only violating the regulations on illegal fishing and recognizing level to the unreported fisheries, etc. It is recognized that it is related with unsanitary and inhumane industrial methods such as human rights violations of fishing vessels. Therefore, the international community recognizes and argues that the acceptance of international conventions relating to the safety of fishing vessels and their seafarers can ensure the safety of fishing vessels and protect the human rights of fishers. This paper research and study the contents of major international conventions related to safety of fishing vessel and fisher and reviews the various necessity of acceptance of the conventions in response to changes in the international community’s perception of illegal fishing.