서울시 생활인구의 시간대별 혼합수준에 영향을 미치는 요인 분석

조월(Cao, Yue),하재현(Ha, Jaehyun),이수기(Lee, Sugie) 대한국토·도시계획학회 2021 국토계획 Vol.56 No.1

The concept of urban vitality is a critical factor in urban areas because it affects both the quality of life and urban sustainability. Regarding urban vitality at the street level, Jane Jacobs has asserted that it is highly dependent on the physical interaction between people, which may be determined by the built environment, including density, land-use mix levels, small blocks, and so on. In addition, she explained that higher urban vitality levels would activate the “eyes on the street”, which would lead to improved safety and livability of areas. Accordingly, in this study, we investigated the factors of the physical environment that determine the mixed levels of de facto populations on an hourly basis. To accomplish this, we used the de facto population data of Seoul as measured by a mobile phone network station in 2018. In addition, we developed an index that represents the Hour-based People Mix (HPM), level by applying the entropy concept. We also examined whether a higher land-use mix level could lead to a balanced temporal mix of de facto populations at a census block level. Analytical results revealed that a significant positive relationship exists between the HPM population and the mixed levels of land use. These results are in line with Jacob’s theory that mixing land-use types increases the urban vitality level. Regarding transportation facilities, areas with denser intersections and more bus stops showed higher mixed levels of hourly-based de facto populations. In addition, the numbers of sports and medical facilities were positively associated with the level of the HPM. Results of this study have policy implications that could balance the numbers of de facto populations throughout the day and contribute to greater urban vitality.

서울시 POI 빅데이터를 활용한 도시활력과 영향요인 분석

조월(Cao, Yue),이수기(Lee, Sugie) 대한국토·도시계획학회 2021 국토계획 Vol.56 No.7

According to an urban theorist, Jane Jacobs, urban vitality only promotes regional economic development but also improves street safety and enhances the sense of community through human contact. In this context, the purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between various neighboring environments influencing urban vitality based on Jane Jacobs’ theory using global positioning system-based de facto population data and point-of-interest (POI) big data. Based on the dependent variables from the de facto population data to represent urban vitality, the relationships between urban vitality and surrounding physical environments were analyzed using the POI data. In addition, the interaction effect of independent variables on urban vitality was analyzed. The results show that urban vitality is highly associated with POI-based land-use variables and other physical environmental factors. In addition, the factors affecting urban vitality are different from the commercial and residential areas. In particular, the level of de facto population in the residential area is more likely to be associated with neighborhood service facilities, such as education, transportation, sports, and leisure. Next, the building coverage ratio is negatively associated with the number of the de facto population regardless of land use zones. This finding indicates that various neighborhood open spaces are crucial in urban vitality. In addition, the density of the total floor area of a building has a positive impact on the de facto population but is only significant in the commercial area. Finally, this study recommends policy implications to promote urban vitality in residential and commercial zones.

근린환경 특성과 도시활력의 비선형 관계 분석 : 해석 가능성 기반 기계학습 모형의 적용

조월(Cao, Yue),김선재(Kim, Sunjae),이수기(Lee, Sugie) 대한국토·도시계획학회 2025 국토계획 Vol.60 No.4

Creating a vibrant neighborhood environment is a key component of sustainable urban development. Urban theorist Jane Jacobs explains that urban vitality occurs through the interactions of human activities with neighborhood environments. Drawing on the recent development of big data and machine learning technologies, this study analyzes the impact of neighborhood environmental factors on urban vitality. This study utilizes big data such as De Facto Population, Points-Of-Interest (POI), and Street View images for the city of Seoul and employs a machine learning model to understand urban vitality. It derives key variables that affect urban vitality and checks the nonlinear relationships between variables by utilizing explainable machine learning model. The main analysis results are as follows. It also indicates that land use characteristics and POI show strong associations with urban vitality. Specifically, SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis results confirm that the independent variables largely show nonlinear relationships with urban vitality. Moreover, the study identified critical thresholds for variables such as residential area density and distance to subway stations, beyond which their impact on urban vitality becomes constant. This study is significant because it provides a clearer understanding of the key neighborhood environmental factors that affect urban vitality. Furthermore, this study offers planning and policy implications that promoting urban vitality and social interaction.

가로 형태와 건물 배치가 계절에 따른 보행로 음영 환경에 미치는 영향 분석 - 서울시 강남 지역을 대상으로

한재원(Han, Jae-Won),조월(Cao, Yue),이수기(Lee, Sugie) 한국도시설계학회 2021 도시설계 : 한국도시설계학회지 Vol.22 No.4

본 연구는 서울시 강남지역을 대상으로 가로 형태와 건물 배치가 계절별 보행로 음영 환경에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 특히, 여름과 겨울을 대상으로 보행로의 음영 환경 차이를 태양 복사량을 활용하여 비교 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 여름철 남북 방향의 가로에 위치한 보행로가 동서 방향의 가로보다 일사량이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이는 보행 쾌적성 측면에서 여름철 일사량이 많은 남북 방향의 가로에 보행 쾌적성 증진을 위한 전략 마련이 필요함을 의미한다. 반면, 동서방향의 가로는 남북방향의 가로보다 계절 변화에 따른 태양 복사량의 차이가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 보행로에 생성되는 음영 환경이 가로의 방향뿐만 아니라 보행로 주변의 건물 높이와 규모 그리고 주변 도로의 규모에 따라 복합적으로 영향을 받는 것을 의미한다. 따라서 여름철과 겨울철 보행로 음영 환경을 고려한 보행 쾌적성 개선을 위해서는 보행로의 방향이 우선으로 고려되어야 하며, 주변 건물의 높이와 규모 그리고 연접한 도로의 특성을 적극적으로 활용한 가로 환경 설계가 필요함을 시사한다. This study analyzes the seasonal effects of street shape and building arrangement on the sidewalk shading environments at the Gangnam district in Seoul, Korea. Specifically, this study compares the shading environments of pedestrian streets in summer and in winter by analyzing the amount of solar radiation on the sidewalks. The results show that the amount of solar radiation on the pedestrian street running north-south is larger than that running east-west during the summer. This means that it is necessary to handle the streets running north-south of higher solar radiation with proper strategies to improve walking comfort in summer. On the other hand, this study finds that the streets running east-west rather than north-south show larger seasonal differences in the amount of solar radiation. This result means that the shading environment on a pedestrian street is affected not only by the direction of the street, but also by the height and volume of buildings along the street and the size of surrounding roads. Therefore, in order to improve the walking comfort in accordance with the shading environments of the pedestrian street in summer and in winter, the direction of pedestrian street should be considered first and it is necessary to actively incorporate the height and volume of the surrounding buildings and the characteristics of the adjacent roads into street design practices.