Thermophysiological responses of ginseng to abnormal season-long high temperature

장인배,이병관,Kim Jang Uk,황현아,Cho Hyunwoo,Ryu Hojin,전창후 한국원예학회 2024 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.65 No.5

Physiological responses of ginseng ( Panax ginseng ) were investigated under abnormal season-long high-temperature environmental conditions for obtaining vulnerability assessment data. Soil-plant-atmosphere research chambers were used to employ the + 2, +4, and + 6 elevated temperature conditions (ETC) from June to August compared to hourly averaged air temperatures for the past 10 years (from 2010 to 2019) in Eumseong, Korea. Under the ETC, secondary growth and development of taproots were signifi cantly inhibited due to the reduction of photosynthetic effi ciency with chlorophyll destruction. The net photosynthetic rate at the light saturation point ( Amax ) decreased and the dark respiration rate ( Rd ) increased as the air temperature increased. Consequently, carbohydrate deposition in the stor age parenchyma of the taproots decreased over time. The roots at harvest were severely rotten under + 6 ETC. The harvested root weights decreased by 60.1, 21.4, and 12.3% under + 6, +4, and + 2 ETC, respectively, compared to those under control conditions. Under + 2 and + 4 ETC, total ginsenoside content (TGC) in roots was similar, but under + 6 ETC, TGC signifi cantly increased with the increases of the panaxatriol type ginsenoside Re and the panaxadiol types ginsenosides such as Rb 2 , Rb 3 , and Rd. These results suggest that developing high-temperature stress adaptation technologies should be considered frequent abnormally high-temperature environments caused by global climate change.

마그네틱 헤드 슬라이더의 극소 공기막에 대한 동특성 해석

장인배,한동철 대한기계학회 1990 대한기계학회논문집 Vol.14 No.6

본 연구에서는 공기분자간 평균 자유비형거리(molecular mean free path)를 고려한 수정된 레이놀즈 방정식을 공기막 두께의 미소 교란항에 대하여 전개하여 비선 형 정적 평형방정식과 교란 미분방ㄹ정식을 구하였다. 비선형 정적 평형방정식을 슬 라이더의 정량적인 거동형태를 표시하므로 이를 이용하여 슬라이더의 정적특성을 구할 수 있다. 이에 반하여, 동적 교란미분 방정식은 슬라이더의 간극함수에 대한 각종 교란에 의하여 유발되는 반발압력을 정성적으로 나타내므로, 슬라이더의 외부교란에 대한 응답특성 및 자기복원특성 등을 구할 수 있다. 이러한 특성을 서스펜션에 부착 된 헤드 시스템의 운동방정식에 함께 고려하여 시스템의 동적 특성을 해석하고 슬라이 더의 설계변수가 이에 미치는 영향을 고찰하고저 한다. In this paper the dynamic characteristics of self acting air lubricated slider bearing of hard disk/head system are investigated. The dynamic equations of magnetic head mechanism considering both parallel and pitch motion and the time dependent modified Reynolds equation are analyzed and the dynamic pressure distribution of air film is numerically calculated in frequency domain by small perturbation method and finite difference scheme with variable grid. The dynamic response of the slider spacing is obtained accordingly as the moving recording surface vibrates in parallel mode.

마그네틱 헤드 슬라이더의 極小 空氣膜에 대한 定常狀態 解析

장인배,한동철 대한기계학회 1989 대한기계학회논문집 Vol.13 No.4

This paper analyze the steady state performance of a self-acting air lubricated slider bearing in hard disk/head system. Modified Reynolds' equation is derived from the steady state compressible Navier-Stokes equation, under slip-flow conditions. Finite difference technique and numerical procedure are described by using Newton-Raphson iteration method to slove the non-linear equations. These techniques are applied to conventional slider bearings and the effects of molecular mean free path(MMFP) for a recording surface of hard disk are shown. The calculation procedure developed here, wide applicabilities in practical head design procedures, and converges rapidly.

하드 디스크와 헤드 시스템의 정상상태에서의 해석

장인배,한동철 대한기계학회 1987 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.- No.-

하드 디스크와 헤드 시스템의 정상상태에서의 해석 ( Steady State Analysis of Hard Disk / Head System )

장인배,한동철 대한기계학회 1988 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.- No.-

마그네틱 헤드 슬라이더의 극소 공기막에 대한 동특성 해석 ( Dynamic Analysis of Magnetic Head Slider at Ultra Low Clearance )

장인배,한동철 대한기계학회 1989 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.- No.-

축분퇴비 시용 수준에 따른 논전환밭 인삼의 생육특성 및 생리장해 분석

장인배,현동윤,이성우,김영창,김장욱,박기춘,방경환,김기홍 韓國藥用作物學會 2013 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.21 No.5

This study was carried out to investigate the difference of the content of soil chemical components and growth characteristics in five years old ginseng affected by application of manure in paddy-converted field. As all livestock manure regardless of kinds increased along with the whole soil chemical component, including the pH and EC in 2008. Change in the EC of control plot was slightly increased but not exceeded 1 ds/m over the years. However, the changes in the EC of livestock manure regardless of kinds and amounts were highly increased and irregularly exceeded 1.5 ds/m in 2012. The 5 years old ginseng root fresh weight, treatment of fertilizing pig manure compost 4 ton per 10 areas (PMC 4t on/10a) and fowl manure compost 4 ton per 10 areas (FMC 4 ton/10a), were superior to the others. But there were no difference between PMC 4 ton/10a, FMC 4 ton/10a and control. The standing crop rate 39.6%, treatment of fertilizing cattle manure compost 4 ton per 10 areas (CMC 4 ton/10a), was best in all livestock manure. However that was relatively lower than control. Physiological disorder occurrence rates of livestock manure related with leaf and root of ginseng were also higher than that of control. If excessively using non-decomposed livestock manure, It would be caused physiological disorder in many ways. It is a big problem to be producing the quality ginseng. More research is needed to find out the economic and effective fertilizer.

광환경 조절이 인삼의 생육과 진세노사이드 함량에 미치는 영향

장인배,유진,권기범,서수정 한국약용작물학회 2016 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.24 No.4

Background: The photosynthetic efficiency cool-season, semi-shade ginseng is normal at low morning temperatures, but drops at high afternoon temperatures. Therefore, optimal plant performance would be ensured if it were possible to control daily light transmission rates (LTR). Methods and Results: Plants were grown in a controlled light environment that replicated 11 AM conditions and comparatively analyzed against plant grown under normal conditions. Growth in the controlled light environment resulted in a 2.81 fold increase in photosynthetic efficiency with no change in chlorophyll content, although LTR were high due to low morning temperatures. Increased aerial plant growth was observed in the ginseng plants adapted to the controlled light environment, which in turn influenced root weight. An 81% increase in fresh root weight (33.3 g per plant on average) was observed in 4-year-old ginseng plants grown in controlled light environment compared to the plants grown following conventional practices (18.4 g per plant on average). With regard to the inorganic composition of leaves of 4-year-old ginseng plants grown in controlled light environment, an increased in Fe content was observed, while Mn and Zn content decreased, and total ginsenoside content of roots increased 2.37 fold. Conclusions: Growth of ginseng under a favorable light environment, such as the condition which exist naturally at 11 AM and are suitable for the plant's photosynthetic activity creates the possibility of large scale production, excellent-quality ginseng.

인삼 논재배 시 식물성 유기물 시용 수준에 따른 인삼 생육특성 및 생리장해 분석

장인배,현동윤,이응호,박기춘,유진,박홍우,이성우,김기홍 韓國藥用作物學會 2014 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.22 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the difference of the content of soil chemical components and growthcharacteristics in six years old ginseng affected by application of decomposing plant residues in paddy-converted field. Theresults show that aerial parts of ginseng are no difference between press cake (PC) 200㎏/10a and control but subterraneanparts of ginseng PC 200㎏/10a, especially quantity related root fresh weight and tap root diameter, are statically about 1.6times heavier and about 1.2 times thicker than the ginseng control. Furthermore, the survival rate of PC 200㎏/10a is67.1% rise significantly compare with the control 50.7%. But compared with the PC 200㎏/10a and the PC 400㎏/10a,ginseng root growth and survival rate of PC 400㎏/10a get worse and that increase physiological disorder occurrence ratethan PC 200㎏/10a. Even though there are no significant differences between the ginseng of decomposing plant residuesexcept press cake treatment and the ginseng of control in growth characteristics, it does tend to increase the survival rateand decrease the physiological disorder occurrence rate in most fertilizer treatment except for RSC 2ton/10a, RSC 4ton/10a and RH 4kL/10a. Noted that EC is highly increased and exceeded 1.7ds/m in RSC 2ton/10a, RSC 4ton/10a and RH4kL/10a. It would be caused physiological disorder in many ways and affected ginseng growth characteristics, survival rate.

Synthesis and Characterization of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid via Admicellar Polymerization

장인배,성준희,최형진 한국고분자학회 2004 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2004 No.04