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        전자상거래 활성화와 소비자 보호

        이경규 法務部 商事法務課 2007 선진상사법률연구 Vol.- No.37

        전자상거래는 많은 경제적 문화적 혜택을 제공함에도 불구하고 동시에 많은 불확실성과 위험을 내포하고 있는 것이 현실이다. 즉, 전자상거래가 지니는 정보의 디지털화, 네트워크의 개방성 및 광역성, 거래당사자의 비대면성, 통일적 관리자의 부재, 고도의 기술성과 복잡성, 다수·다량의 거래성, 거래대상의 다양성, 부합거래성, 국제성, 불특정 다수인성, 거래이행확보수단의 필요성 등의 특징은 편이성과 신속성을 그 장점으로 하는 반면에 이러한 특성으로 인하여 특히 소비자 전자상거래에 있어서 소비자피해가 발생하여 전자상거래의 활성화의 제약요인으로 작용할 가능성이 있다. 우리나라에서는 전자상거래가 꾸준히 발전되어 현재 어느 정도 성숙기에 접어들었다고 할 수 있으며 소비자보호를 위한 법제도적 노력도 수행되어 왔다. 전자상거래의 발전과 그 소비자의 보호 및 정자상거래에 대한 소비자의 신뢰 구축을 위한 입법적 성과는 '전자상거래 등에서의 소비자 보호에 관한 법률'에서 특히 찾아볼 수 있다. 동법은 전자상거래에 관련된 권리 의무관계, 청약의 철회, 표시 및 광고와 약관 등의 정보제공, 결제대금예치제도, 소비자피해보상보험계약 등의 사항들을 다루고 있어, 전자상거래에 있어서의 소비자 보호제도의 근간을 구성하고 있다. 그러나 이들 제도들의 운용과정에서 일부 문제점들이 드러나고 있어 거래의 안전 및 소비자의 신뢰구축이라는 전제하에서 문제점들을 정비 개선하여야 할 것이다. 결론적으로 전자상거래의 활성화를 위하여는 사전적 사후적 소비자 보호제도의 확립과 아울러 공정투명하고 신속하며 경제적인 분쟁해결제도의 정착이 필수적으로 요청된다고 할 것이다. 따라서 본고에서는 전자상거래 활성화에 저해요인으로 작용하는 현행제도 및 시장환경을 파악하고 현행법체계하에서의 문제점을 분석하고 그 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다. The evolution of virtual shopping on the World Wide Web gives rise to new and complex consumer protection issues. The conventional elements of jurisdiction over consumer protection are hard to execute in the Internet realm. Electronic Commerce (E-Commerce) as a general concept includes "any form of business transaction in which the parties interact electronically rather than by physical exchanges or direct physical contact." These types of business transactions are usually separated into two categories: business-to-business transactions and business-to-consumer transactions. This Note is principally concerned with transactions between businesses and consumers(B2C) although open market services and specified digital contents services such as VOD(video on demand) services has been growing recent years. This Note is also to discuss the growing concerns consumers and businesses face as they interact online and examine the question of how best to protect consumers, and to examine key concerns pertaining to consumer safety in the global electronic marketplace, including dispute resolution, business and marketing practices, enforcement, and privacy, and to summarize the various efforts and online initiatives that law enforcers and the private sector have executed worldwide. In Korea, the Act on Consumer Protection in E-Commerce provides several systems for safe transactions and consumer protection, such as cooling-off, on-line escrow, consumer damage compensation insurance, on-line authentification, essential information disclosure and libility of intermediary telemarketers. Those systems were dedicated to promote safe transactions and consumer protection; however, in several aspects, they posed legal and economic problems and thus need some improvement. With all the results of this Note, further research and investigation should be followed for the safe and deairable legal and economic climate in the E-Commerce land.

      • Maximum Ratio Transmission 기법의 MIMO 다중경로 페이딩 채널로의 확장

        이경규,이원철,신요안 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 2001 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

        To effectively improve capacity on fading channels in the third generation and beyond mobile communication systems that require high quality and capacity, spatial diversity schemes utilizing MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output) concepts have been identified as an efficient way of improving the capacity without expanding the bandwidth. Among various MIMO spatial diversity schemes, MRT (Maximum Ratio Transmission) which maximizes signal-to-noise ratio at the reception has been recently proposed. In this paper, we extend the conventional MRT scheme which is restricted to flat fading channels to MIMO multipath fading channels, and analyze the bit error rate performance.

      • 黃宗羲의 經世思想에 관한一考察

        李京圭 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1993 연구논문집 Vol.47 No.1

        Huang Zongxi is one of the thinkers during the late Ming and early Ching periods. Ming-I-Tai-Faug-Lu that indicates Ching-Shih Thought is his representative Writing. Undergoing a state of disorder of the late Ming, he participated in the Tung-Lin movement and Fu-She. When the Ming dynasty was perished, he was against the Ching dynasty. But after the movement which was against that dynasty failed, he refleted on the factors of the fall of the Ming dynasty. He built up a political system which was more progressive, ideal and practical ones through the whole Chinese history. The fruit of such an effort is Ming-I-Tai-Fang-Lu. In the foregoing writing he rejected absolute monarchy in the field of political thought and proposed a political reformation : that is, sovereign-subject egual, sovereign-peopel equal, local self-government and the participation of people in parliamentary politics, In the aspect of economic thought he escaped from the idea of physiocracy fettered by the natural economic tradition, and took a more serious view of industry and commerce. In addition, he reformed the land system and taxation system. On the whole, his poinions show the contemporary social phenomena, and those are the whole result of political reforms that the thinkers, who took park in Tung-Lin and Fu-She, led ad drove forward, His thought has a close correlation to criticisms under the influence of Yang-ming School and a social phenomenon which called the intellectual objectivity. Hence, his Min-Ben Thought has a very close correlation with his Ching-Shih Thought, and I recognize that is Modern reform thought carried out the function of bridge in the pregress of Chinese history.

      • 景敎東傳에 관한 一考 : 당대 경교의 전래를 중심으로 Concentrationg the introduction of Nestoianism in Dang Dynasty

        이경규 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1979 연구논문집 Vol.55 No.1

        Nestorianism is called Ching Chiao(景敎)in China. Ching Chiao had as meaning of the light of world. Ching Chiao is based on the east introduction of Christianty, and added Nestorianism. On the Introduction of Ching Chiao in China, Economy is the head of factor, so Nestorians engaged in commerce and manual trade for life. In political scene, China is friends with Persia. In the cultural scene, Nestorions were messengers of western culture and became forerunners of missionaries of Ming-Chins Dynasty. Besides because of Xiyu(西域)'s engagement of Dang Dynasty, religion of a foreign country can spread easily. Depend on 大素景敎流行中國碑, Ching Chiao is introduced at Dang Tai-Jong(太宗, 貞觀 9年:635年), But it is spent much to the introduction of Ching Chiao through Persia, Sinjaing(新疆). So it is spent much time to the introduction of Changan(長安).

      • MIMO 시스템에서의 APP 디코딩의 성능

        이경규,김산해,김홍철,이원철,신요안 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 2002 論文集 Vol.32 No.-

        MIMO (multi-input multi-output) systems can achieve high data capacity and high data rate in the third generation (3G) or beyond-3G mobile communication systems. To effectively improve the performance of MIMO systems, new detection schemes which can mitigate mutual interferences from multiple transmit antennas, are highly required. In this paper, we consider a posteriori probability (APP) type detection schemes for the MIMO systems, and compare with other sub-optimal detection schemes based on zero forcing (ZF) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) - ordered successive interference cancellation (OSIC). Simulation results show that the APP outperforms ZF-OSIC and MMSE-OSIC, while the performance discrepancy becomes smaller as the number of receive antennas increases.

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