파향스펙트럼 추정법의 비교 연구

오병철,심재설,이동영 한국해안해양공학회 1990 학술강연회 발표논문초록집 Vol.1 No.1

전자적(電子的) 의사표지(意思表示)의 제문제(諸問題)

오병철 한남대학교 과학기술법연구원 1996 과학기술법연구 Vol.2 No.1

현대 사회의 변화와 민법전의 대응

오병철 한국민사법학회 2020 民事法學 Vol.93 No.-

올해로 우리 민법이 시행된 지 60년을 맞이하였다. 그간 IT와 BT의 혁신은 민법 전체의 영역에 큰 도전을 안겨주고 있다. 기술과 사회의 발전은 상전벽해의 수준에 이르렀으나, 민법전에의 수용은 극히 제한적이었다. 인공지능 로봇에 법인격을 부여하자는 제안이 있으나, 현재로서는 필요하지도 않고 타당하지도 않다. 다만 컴퓨터가 하는 전자적 의사표시의 효력귀속이나오류 또는 해킹으로 인한 의사표시의 취급에 대해서는 민법에서 다룰 필요가 있다. 또한 디지털이라는 새로운 형태와 내용의 재산에 대해 제3의 가치로서 독립적인 지위를 부여하여야 한다. 즉 ‘인간 노동의 전자적 형태’인‘전자적 노동’으로서 물건과는 엄격히 구별되어 취급되어야 할 것이다. 디지털에 대한 권리를 ‘디지털권’으로서 물건에 대한 권리인 물권과 병렬적으로체계화되어야 한다. 계약법의 영역에서는 온라인 플랫폼을 통한 계약체결과디지털의 반환에 관한 규정을 신설하여야 할 것이다. 불법행위법에서는 인공지능이 통제하는 기기가 발생시킨 손해에 대한 별도의 규율이 필요하다. 이에 대해서는 편익책임이라는 새로운 책임근거를 설정하여, 편익을 위한 규범적 관계의 설정을 귀책판단의 기준으로 하는 것이 적절하다. 친족법 분야에서도 인공수정으로 태어난 자녀의 아버지와 어머니를 결정하는 규정을 신설하고, 유전자 검사를 통해 부성을 추정하는 제도를 보충적으로 도입할 필요가 있다. 상속법 분야에서는 디지털 유산의 처리에 대한 권리를 상속인에게 부여하는 방안도 검토되어야 할 것이다. 주제어 This year marks the 60th year anniversary since Korean Civil Code was put into effect. While the society has dramatically changed and progressed, the improvement in Korean Civil Code has been limited. The evolution in IT and BT has given many questions and challenges to given the entire field of Korean Civil Code. There was a suggestion to apply legal personhood on artificial intelligent robots, but it is neither necessary nor appropriate in today's world. However, Korean Civil Code should handle the attribution of effect of electronic expression of will(die eletronische Willenserklärung) and expression of will followed by errors or hacking from a computer. Digital properties with new format and substance must be granted an independent state as a distinct value on i ts o w n. T hus, ‘ electronic l abor’, w hich i n the form o f ‘electronic f ormation of human labor’, must be differentiated from an object. The right regarding digital, referred to as right of digital, should be structured in parallel with a real right, the right of objects. In the field of contract law, formation of contract through online platform and the policy regarding return of digital should be founded. For the torts, so-called a benefit liability, separate policies to manage damages caused by AI controlled devices are necessary. A policy to decide the parents of a child born through artificial insemination should be put in place and supported by a policy to speculate the father through paternity tests. In the realm of succession law, a measure of assigning an inheritor of the right to manage the digital legacy of the deceased must be reviewed.

국내외 주식시장간의 주가 동조화 현상에 대한 실증 분석

오병철,박상애 한국항공경영학회 2009 한국항공경영학회 춘계학술대회 Vol.2009 No.-

직장내 사용자에 의한 근로자의 전자우편 감청(Monitoring)

오병철 한남대학교 과학기술법연구원 2000 과학기술법연구 Vol.6 No.1

전자상거래소비자보호법 제17조 제2항 제4호의 청약철회권 배제조항의 문제점

오병철 한국민사법학회 2007 民事法學 Vol.39 No.1

Electronic commerce consumer protection act(ECCPA) is legislated as a new act for consumer protection in electronic commerce in 2002. Therefore well-regulated legal frame for consumer protection in electronic commerce is provided opportunely. In particular, cooling-off right is a reasonable means for consumer to recover his rash decision in electronic commerce. However section 17(2)(4) ECCPA stipulates that consumer who took off the seal wrapping goods which can be duplicated doesn't exercise his cooling-off right. This provision is the an unjust legal standard because to break the seal is deemed as making a contract without qualification. The measure for this problem is followings; ① Section 17(2) ECCPA must be revised to “section 17(2)(4-1). when digital goods are exposed completely to duplication after consumer takes chance to review a end-user license". ② Section 17(2) ECCPA must be added the following paragraph “section 17(2)(4-2). when consumer can be taken sample of digital goods which is downloaded on network without a medium". ③ It should be prudently considered to make a reception of UCITA section 309 [AGREEMENT FOR PERFORMANCE TO PARTY’S SATISFACTION]

UCITA의 평가와 우리법제에서의 전망

오병철 경희대학교 법학연구소 2006 경희법학 Vol.41 No.1

Although UCITA was invalidated as a uniform, legal theory in UCITA is still valuable for digital information contract. The cause of the repeal of UCITA is that it failed delicate balancing between user's interest and right holder's protection. This failure shows us that it is too early to codify perfectly legal structure for digital information contract. In my opinion, Korean Civil Law can not regulate ideally every cases about digital information contract. I think it is a blind faith that interpretation of civil law can solve perfectly the problems rising in digital information contract. Therefore we should search for new legal standard to regulate it ant way. This paper suggests the steps for making a legal standard; ① to analysis the contents of UCITA, ② to classify whether the provisions can be received or not, ③ to modify this provisions can be received for our legal system, ④ to codify new provisions that is proper for our traditional legal structure.

디지털콘텐츠 동일성유지권과 이용자 보호와의 상충 - 서울고등법원 2008. 9. 23, 판결 2007나70720을 중심으로 -

오병철 경희대학교 법학연구소 2009 경희법학 Vol.44 No.2

The court recently decided that sampling for contract to download the music infringes on right of to maintain the identity of the contents. It seems to be a strict application for protection of copyright. However ‘Digital content user protection guideline’ imposes a duty on a contents provider to service a sampling for user to determine on entering into a contract. If he obeys the duty to service a sampling, he will infringe on right of to maintain the identity of the contents. On the contrary if he keeps a copyright, he will breach the legal guideline. It is a contradiction or conflict of duties. Therefore it is admitted a lawful performance of a duty that a contents provider makes a sampling for user protection under applicable guideline.

전자파에 의한 손해와 배상책임원리

오병철 한국민사법학회 2005 民事法學 Vol.30 No.-

The damage caused by electromagnetic consists of three types as the damage by electromagnetic interference, the damage to health and the damage by electromagnetic susceptibility. According to types and process of occurring damage, the responsibility to be applied is diverse. First of all, the compensation for the damage is ruled by tort under negligence rule. The criterion of negligence is same to guideline for EMC and EMI. However, for the damage to health, 'Protection Guideline for Human Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields' is a de facto criterion of negligence because emitted electromagnetic below minimum of guideline is not responsible for the damage. The shortcoming concerning application of tort under negligence rule is hardship of causality between electromagnetic and damage. It is actually hard to apply product liability on the compensation for the damage. Although product liability needs not negligence, the proof of causality between electromagnetic and damage is also very difficult. So the burden of proof of causality must be mitigated in product liability for damage caused by electromagnetic. The damage to health caused by electromagnetic can be ruled by environment liability in Korea Environment Policy Basic Act. This special environment liability is a heavy penalty for offender because it needs no negligence, but a range for application is so narrow. The damage not be applicable for this special liability can be dealt with special tort of civil law theory. It has a merit that proof of causality is mitigated to proof probability between damage and electromagnetic.

전자상거래법상의 거래 플랫폼 규제와 개선방안

오병철 한국외국어대학교 법학연구소 2017 외법논집 Vol.41 No.4

Consumer Protection Act was supplemented through the revision in 2016. In particular, the revision strengthened obligation and liability of the e-commerce intermediary. It is, however, still insufficient to cover the entire present market system with various commerce platforms emerging. Korean Electronic Commerce Consumer Protection Act presents an excessively long list of regulated subjects and assigns respective obligation and liability to each subject. In practice, relevant public official and legal experts, as well as e-commerce seller or e-commerce intermediary, experience difficulty discerning the liabilities. Thus, overall revision on Korean Electronic Commerce Consumer Protection Act is demanded. First, the list of regulated subjects should be simplified into e-commerce seller, e-commerce intermediary and consumers. Second, a separate business register system should be introduced in order to draw a clear line between e-commerce seller and e-commerce intermediary. Third, Korean Electronic Commerce Consumer Protection Act should not apply to individuals who run e-commerce intermediary without business pursuit. In addition, the emergence of the new types of commerce platforms is another plausible motivation for the revision of Korean Electronic Commerce Consumer Protection Act. For instance, it is necessary for the revised regulation to include the mediation of lease besides sales, and to adjust the time of offering e-commerce seller’s personal information to the consumers in consideration of competitive e-commerce. Also, for the consonance with Korean Personal Information Protection Act, the liability to provide a way for e-commerce intermediary to access the personal information of sellers should be removed from the revision in the case of e-commerce intermediary between individuals. 전자상거래법은 2016년 개정을 통해 통신판매중개자에 대한 규율을 보충하였다. 특히 통신판매에관여하는 통신판매중개자의 의무와 책임을 강화하였다. 그러나 다양한 거래 플랫폼이 등장하고 있는거래현실을 완벽히 규율하기에는 아직도 미흡하다. 전자상거래법은 지나치게 많은 수범주체를 나열하고, 또 그에 따라 각각 의무와 책임을 달리하고있다. 통신판매자나 통신판매중개자 뿐만 아니라 관계 공무원이나 법률전문가 조차도 이를 구분하기어려운 실정이다. 이를 위한 전반적인 전자상거래법의 개정이 필요하다. 첫째로 수범주체의 수를 통신판매업자, 통신판매중개업자, 통신판매중개를 업으로 하지 않는 사업자, 소비자로 간략히 정비할 필요가 있다. 둘째로 통신판매중개업자에 대해 별도의 신고제도를 도입하여 통신판매업자와 명확히 구분하여야 할 것이다. 셋째로 통신판매중개를 사업으로 하지 않는 개인에게는 전자상거래법을 적용하지않아야 한다. 그리고 새로운 유형의 거래 플랫폼의 등장에 따른 전자상거래법의 개정 필요성도 인정된다. 예를들어 ‘판매’ 이외의 ‘임대’의 중개를 포함하도록 개정하고, 경쟁적인 통신판매를 고려하여 소비자에 대해 통신판매업자의 개인정보 제공시점을 조정할 필요도 있다. 또한 개인정보보호법과의 조화를 위해개인 간의 통신판매의 중개를 하는 경우에는 통신판매중개자가 판매자의 개인정보에 접근할 수 있는방법을 제공할 의무를 수정하여야 할 것이다.