방정환의 민족주의와 어린이 문학교육

신정아(Shin Jung-a) 동아인문학회 2019 동아인문학 Vol.46 No.-

Cheondoky`s council for children was established by Kim, Ki-joen, Bang, Jung-hwan, and Lee, Jung-jo on May 1st, 1921 but Bang, Jung-hwan was studying abroad at that time, not involving directly in it. Bang, Jung-hwan was responsible for tasks as a special correspondent in Tokyo for Kaebyeok, a comprehensive magazine which had been established in June, 1920, and for building Tokyo branch of Cheondokyos council for youth(Feb 13th, 2921)(Yeom, Hee-kyoung, 78). Since then, he organized Saekdongheo(Coloring Council) with other Korean students who shared his thought, and held the opening ceremony. In addition, early editing for the magazine, Children(Eorinyi) was made in Tokyo. So the Japanese influences on Bang, Jung-hwan during his study in Japan truly affected Korean modern children`s literature education. There have been quite many studies about the Japanese influences on the modern Korean children`s literature education. These studies are dominated with the evaluation that key role of Ywaya Sazanami(hereinafter Sazanami), the father of Japanese children`s literature with regard to the Japanese influences on modern Korean children`s literature education. However, in-depth analysis, Bang, Jung-hwan`s children`s literature education was derived from hope of salvation for Korean people to recover Korean sovereignty lost by Japan during Japanese colonial times, having clear difference from Japanese children`s literature education. Therefore, this study, focusing on Korean modern children`s literature education and the Japanese influences on it, aims at analyzing its truth, and reviewing Bang, Jung-hwan`s idea on children`s literature education through Gift of Love and the magazine, Children(Eorinyi). It is expected that it will be valuable study for building more accurate recognition about Bang, Jung-hwan`s children`s literature education.

LiF-maleic acid 첨가 calcium aluminate 골시멘트 및 CA-PMMA 복합 골시멘트가 백서 두개골 결손부 치유에 미치는 영향

신정아,윤정호,오승한,백정원,최세영,김종관,최성호,Shin, Jung-A,Yun, Jeong-Ho,Oh, Seung-Han,Baik, Jeong-Won,Choi, Se-Young,Kim, Chong-Kwan,Choi, Seong-Ho 대한치주과학회 2002 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.32 No.4

The purpose of this study was to evaluate histologically the effect of LiF-maleic acid added calcium aluminate(LM-CA) bone cement & CA-PMMA composite bone cement on the healing of calvarial defect in Sprague-Dawley rats. The critical size defects were surgically produced in the calvarial bone using the 8mm trephine bur. The rats were divided in three groups : In the control group, nothing was applied into the defect of each rat. LM-CA bone cement was implanted in the experimental group 1 and CA-PMMA composite bone cement was implanted in the experimental group 2. Rats were sacrificed at 2, 8 weeks after surgical procedure. The specimens were examined by histologic analysis, especially about the bone-cement interface and the response of surrounding tissue. The results are as follows; 1. In the control group, inflammatory infiltration was observed at 2 weeks. At 8 weeks, periosteum and duramater were continuously joined together in the defect area. But the center of defect area was filled up with the loose connective tissue. 2. In the experimental group 1, the bonding between implanted bone cement and the existing bone was seen, which more increased in 8 weeks than 2 weeks. Inflammatory infiltration and the dispersion of implanted bone cement particles were seen in both 2 weeks and 8 weeks. 3. In the experimental group 2, implanted bone itself had a dimensional stability and no bonding between implanted bone cement and the existing bone was seen in both 2 weeks and 8 weeks. Implanted bone cement was encapsulated by fibrous connective tissue. In addition, inflammatory infiltration was seen around implanted bone cement. On the basis of these results, when LM-CA bone cement or CA-PMMA composite bone cement was implanted in rat calvarial defect, LM-CA bone cement can be used as a bioactive bone graft material due to ability of bonding to the existing bone and CA-PMMA can be used as a graft material for augmentation of bone-volume due to dimensional stability.

버들치(Rhynchocypris oxycephalus)에서 에스트로겐류 물질에 의한 vitellogenin의 유도 및 단일클론항체 제작

신정아,송재영,임희영,장민호,이혜민,정규희,임윤규,윤병수,Shin, Jung-A,Song, Jae-Young,Lim, Hee-Young,Chang, Min-Ho,Lee, Hye-Min,Chung, Kyu-Hoi,Lim, Yoon-Kyu,Yoon, Byoung-Su 대한수의학회 2006 대한수의학회지 Vol.46 No.1

Vitellogenin (Vtg), a phospholipoglycoprotein precursor of egg yolk is synthesized and secreted from the liver in response to estrogens in female fish. Vtg is normally undetectable in the blood of male fish, but can be induced by exposure to chemicals possessing estrogenic activity. Thus, the presence of Vtg in blood of male fish can serve as a useful biomarker for assessing previous exposure to estrogenic compounds. In the present study, Vtg was abnormally expressed in Rhynchocypris oxycephalus using estradiol benzoate ($E_2$). As the result, it was found that the level of Vtg in blood from R. oxycephalus was increased by treated quantity of $E_2$ with dose-effect manner. Monoclonal antibodies were generated against Vtg of R. oxycephalus. The hybridoma were screened with an enzyme immunoassay for the production of specific anti-Vtg antibodies. Five positive cell lines with a high specificity were selected. Monoclonal antibodies against vtg of R. oxycephalus that was developed in this study, may be a useful bio-indicator for the detection of estrogenic contamination in the aquatic ecosystem.

Lee Jung-jae Is in Full Bloom

Shin Jung-a(신정아),Park Eun-sun(번역) 도서출판 작가 2021 쿨투라 Vol.- No.90

백서 두개골 결손부에서 입자 크기에 따른 Calcium aluminate cement의 효과

신정아,윤정호,오승한,백정원,최세영,김종관,최성호,Shin, Jung-A,Yun, Jeong-Ho,Oh, Seung-Han,Paik, Jeong-Won,Choi, Se-Young,Kim, Chong-Kwan,Choi, Seong-Ho 대한치주과학회 2002 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.32 No.4

This present study was carried out to find the effects of calcium aluminate cement($CaO\;{\cdot}\;Al_2O_3$, CAC), which has been developed with bio-compatibility and mechanical properties, in biological environments. Two different particle sizes of CAC - 3.5${\mu}m$ vs. 212${\sim}$250${\mu}m$ which is recommended in periodontal bone grafting procedures-were filled in 8mm calvarial defect in Sprague-Dawley rat. The specimens were examined histologically, especially the bone-cement interface and the response of surrounding tissues. The results are as follows; 1. In the control group, inflammatory cells were observed at 2 weeks. At 8 weeks, periosteum and dura mater were continuously joined together in the defect areas. But in the center of defect area were filled up with the loose connective tissues. 2. In the experimental group l($212{\mu}m{\sim}250{\mu}m$ particle), immature bone was formed and outermost layer was surrounded by osteoid layer at 2 weeks. Osteoblasts were arranged between immature bone and osteoid layer. And, osteoid layer was remained until 8 weeks after surgery. 3. In the experimental group 2, periosteum and dura mater lost its continuity at 2 weeks. Scattering of CAC particles and infiltration of inflammatory cells were observed, which this findings deepened at 8 weeks. The result of this study shows that when calvarial defects in white rats are filled with calcium aluminate cement of 212${\sim}$250${\mu}m$, the materials are to be bio-compatible in growth and healing on surrounding tissues. When further researches are fulfilled, such as direct bone adhesion and bone regeneration ability, it's possible that CAC could be applied to various periodontology fields in the future.

라신의 『페드르』를 둘러싼 세 가지 논란에 대한 고찰

신정아 ( Shin Jung-a ) 한국프랑스고전문학회 2008 프랑스고전문학연구 Vol.11 No.-

Cet ecrit a pour but de revoir les trois controverses autour de Phedre qui n'ont cesse de faire couler beaucoup d'encre, et ce, des le vivant de son auteur. La premiere concerne le fait que Phedre fut suivie d’un silence de douze annees avant que Racine ait mis au monde Esther sur la demande de Mme de Maintenon. Une telle rupture, consecutive a un tel chef-d'oeuvre est depuis longtemps consideree comme le tournant majeur de la vie de Racine. Pour expliquer cet evenement, de nombreux critiques et biographes ont avance une raison unique, a savoir sa conversion, selon la version donnee par son fils Louis Racine. D’autres comme Jules Lemaitre a l’epoque romantique sont meme alles jusqu'a y voir un renoncement total de l’artiste. Or les temoignages contemporains nous montrent sans ambiguite que si Racine avait quitte le theatre, c'etait essentiellement pour repondre a l’appel du roi Louis XIV d'ecrire l’histoire du regne. La deuxieme est etrcdtement liee a la precedente. Il s'agit d'une anecdote rapportee par Louis Racine. Selon lui, Boileau, ayant porte un exenplaire de Phedre au Grand Amauld aurait obtenu de lui qu'il reconnut l’innocence de la tragedie, prelude a une reconciliation entre Racine et Arnauld qui serait intervenue quelques jours plus tard. Mais cette anecdote bien enjolivee ne peut etre qu'une affabulation. En effet, il est invraisemblable qu’une haute figure du jansenisme comme Arnauld ait envisage un seul instant qu'une tragedie put etre innocente, dans la mesure ou les jansenistes comme tous les augustiniens, soutenaient une position inconciliable avec le theatre. Enfin, la troisieme controverse qu‘il faut mentionner a propos de Phedre fut soulevee par une tragedie de Pradon portant le meme titre. Si l’on en croit les panegyristes de Racine, celui-ci aurait ete victime d’une cabale d'envergure, nee dans l’entourage de deux femmes dont le point commun aurait ete leur hostilite a Racine. Cependant, en depit d’un antagonisme certain envers Racine dans quelques milieux, rien ne permet de parler d'une sombre machination qu'on a fait passer a la posterite. Par ailleurs, faire passer Racine pour la victime des attaques d'une coterie presentait l’avantage d’occulter ses propres manoeuvres contre la piece concurrente. En effet, meme si les manoeuvres de Racine ne sont guere a son honneur, il demeure certain qu'il est effectivement intervenu en haut lieu pour s'eviter la concurrence directe de Pradon. La revue de ces trois controverses ne pretend pas du tout fournir une nouvelle perspective aux etudes raciniennes. Mais a l’occasion de la parution recente d’une nouvelle biographie intitulee Jean Racine, ouvrage tant volumineux que complet, apporter une nouvelle lumiere a ces vieilles controverses autour de Phedre ne sera pourtant pas sans interet, dans la mesure ou la longevite et la diversite de la reception de l’oeuvre sont, en elles-memes, des temoignages de la qualite ou du sort heureux d'un chef-d'oeuvre.

기술평가를 활용한 천공드릴 특장차 디자인개발에 관한 연구

신정아(주저자) ( Jung A Shin ),김동묵(공동저자) ( Dong Muk Kim ),어슬기(공동저자) ( Seul Gi Eu ),김보미(공동저자) ( Bo Mi Kim ) 한국정보디자인학회 2015 정보디자인학연구 Vol.24 No.-

Determining tunnel stability is a key issue preliminary site investing. in contrast, problems of excavate ability have been largely ignored. While the choice of an economic tunneling method is admittedly a clear priority in the planning stage, special investigations focusing on the rock fragmentation(e.g. drilling or cutting performance, rock mass blast ability or tool wear) are rarely carried out. This study explores possibilities to quantify key parameters for rock mass excavate ability in drilling, blasting and cutting. This superior technology to strengthen the competitiveness of the exterior design based on the development of construction machinery. Also, take a right protected by intellectual property rights are the foundation that can be traded as a global company. Promote the process of the present study was to compare the progress of drilling equipment and advanced drilling technologies for fusion construction equipment and core technology design development. And should be addressed in the present study focuses on a character by analyzing the technology holds the intellectual property rights for a company to build a strong intellectual property.

윤석중 동시에 드러난 낙천적 환상성 연구 -작품의 내적형식을 중심으로

신정아 ( Jung A Shin ) 단국대학교 한국문화기술연구소 2012 한국문화기술 Vol.13 No.-

Fantasy is made by children’s dream. There will be no fantasy world, if growing children do not have dream or hope. Children’s genuine honesty is really needed for expressing an optimistic childish innocence and presenting a fantasy world. Fantasy world shows something that gratifies children’s desire in literature. As I mentioned earlier, there are not only fairy tale but also many children’s poem which assumed a fantasy based on reality in juvenile literature. For this reason, I studied an optimistic fantasy in Yoon, SeokJung’s children’s poem. I focused on literary work which has fairy tale fantasy based on innocence of childhood, personified fantasy, spatial fantasy and transforming fantasy. There is given a world of fairy tale fantasy when we instill children’s imagination with childish innocence. Furthermore, a personified fantasy gives pleasure with an eccentric and wonderful world to the children who have animistic thoughts such as ‘Every existence has life in the world’. Especially, Yoon, SeokJung’s used ‘Moon’ as a material in his children’s poem. A crescent moon, a half moon and a full moon also appears in this manuscript as an imagery of spatial and transforming fantasy. It looks successful literary work to realize a fantastic image in moon’s shape. Factors of animistic, space time and transforming also helps children’s emotional development which is in Yoon, SeokJung’s children’s poem. Children suddenly realize that they cannot indulge their desire in real world and they start to find active ways to fill their desire. Yoon, SeokJung’s fantasy works have to be understood as an active way to indulge children’s desire. This shows a close correlation with Yoon, SeokJung’s mind which loves children. Children can have a hope by experiencing fantasy world in these literature works. On the other hand, Yoon, SeokJung’s got harsh reviews about disregarding a reality or drawing an unreality child. However, even if Yoon, SeokJung supports a positive childlike world and an optimistic fantasy world, every Yoon, SeokJung’s literature works is not optimistic and hopeful. A typical example, it can be found clearly in Yoon, SeokJung’s work, ‘Snail,’ Yoon, SeokJung also could not avoid reality in that time although he thought children do not have to know this tragic time. Children’s poems also express a realistic contradiction or problems indirectly by making these things materials or themes. However, we need to focus on how realistic contradiction is expressed in children’s poem. In those regards, Yoon, SeokJung’s many literature works which includes ‘Optimistic Fantasy’ proves effectiveness. As there are many literature work which children prefer and focusing on animistic thoughts. It also includes sky which is children’s everlasting dream. Children advanced in optimistic fantasy world. It is not far that the world is the one in children’s mind. We need to recognize the need of ‘Children’s poem fantasy’ for children now and forever, and we also need to continue our effort not only creation but also study. I left the task about ‘External Form’ in optimistic fantasy study in Yoon, SeokJng’s Children’s poem and I hope there is a steady result of children’s fantasy study in future.

영화 <고지전>과 전쟁의 실재

신정아 ( Jung A Shin ),최용호 ( Yong Ho Choi ) 한국기호학회 2012 기호학연구 Vol.31 No.-

In this paper we attempt to read a film by JANG Hun entitled <The Front Line>, using a semiotic model called Semiotic Square. Especially focussing on the less discussed part of this model, that is, the place which can be characterized in terms of ``neither~ nor~``, we have suggested a possibility of reinterpreting the Semiotic Square from a politico-esthetic point of view. It is our conviction that the systematicity of a system can be so radically put into question by this dialectic movement of double crossed contradiction that a new possibility is opened up. Based on the concept of double crossed contradiction, we have characterized the space featured in this film in the form of a Front Line from triple perspective: frontier, indeterminacy and potential. The front line is a place where neither the south nor the north can claim its ideology. In the conclusion we have shown that it is in this space of double crossed contradiction that a new politico-esthetic experimentation can be carried out.

시대상에서 살펴본 소파문학의 형성과정

신정아 ( Jung A Shin ) 단국대학교 한국문화기술연구소 2013 한국문화기술 Vol.15 No.-

Pre-researchers who studied about Bang Jeong-hwan focused on analysis of his literature which gives children pleasure on the basis of Bang Jeong-hwan’s love for children. However, I focused on Bang Jeong-hwan’s love for children from his children’s song and educational efficiency of children’s story in my research. Sopa Bang Jeong-hwan chooses literature way which feeling children’s sadness together. At that time, children do not have their motherland song. Bang Jeong-hwan has few creative nursery rhymes, but they have rhythmical elements which makes children easy to sing along such as 「Old Dragonfly」. 「Old dragonfly」also represents Joseon-era people who suffer from Japanese Colonization. There are also many literatures which overcome a national sadness in Sofa’s children’s song. One of them is 「Mother」. The 「Mother」is seen as sympathy about sadness of oppressed nation and maltreated children. Sofa is also produced Gorae children’s story, not only, of course, adapted a foreign children’s story but also adapted an old story. There was no children’s literature development if we do not work on finding a Gorae children’s story or import a foreign children’s story even if it is an inevitable consequence. Bang Jeong-hwan put children’s story needs to give pleasure to children before children’s story is read by children only for educational purposes. For this reason, Sofa’s children’s literature is focused on contents than formalism. However, the meaning of pleasure at this time is not just for pleasure it also teaches the children. Bang Jeong-hwan considered three important things as his children’s story writing methods; first of all, makes story easy for children; second, makes children happy; third, consider educational meaning so do not exclude educational usefulness. Sofa also showed these things through his literature. A representative children’s story, Catching a Bear by Father and Sons in 1930s is storied by One of our proverb, Seeming like father and two sons catch a bear. Like a meaning of proverb; everything could be achieved if sticky power of blood band together; if our people stand together, we could do everything although our people live under the pressure of Japanese Colonization. This story was red widely which giving hope and brave to children in hard reality. Furthermore, the Prince character from one of the Bang Jeonghwan’s famous foreign children’s story; 「Prince and Swallow」, is similar to Sofa’s character. Sofa’s image is overlapped with the Prince who died after he had given everything what he has to disadvantaged children. In addition, every fact about Prince is known to people, so the statue of Prince is remade with all jewels. When Sofa wrote his literature lively, our country is suffered from Japanese Colonization. It’s natural that Bang Jeong-hwan’s literature person is never smooth. The most noticeable from his literature is 「Literature of Tears」that even though the character has obstacle, he never give up and do his endeavor. Although a child has superb display of talent, he is surrounded by a secluded mountain because of his poor conditions. As Bang Jeong-hwan wrote 「Literature of Tears」, he said about sadness of Joseon’s children. Sofa was always thought how to make Joseon’s children in great state and grow correctly. Most of Joseon’s children are poor themselves, even though no more their parents bully their children. Like a Sofa’s word, The power of extending children is dried up and reduced, it was time that country and word are dispossessed. Sofa always said that not scold and bully children but understand and treat them with compliments. These make children have confident and brave. There are lots of poor people in Sofa’s story adaptation or creative children’s story, and these people are described who excellently pass through their crisis. What Bang Jeong-hwan always wanted to say to children is overcome the difficulties with hope and brave. Like this, Bang Jeong-hwan’s literature is connected to educational undertone of Joeson reality recognition. Bang Jeong-hwan always regarded work for children is as a pleasure and what he has to do. The regrettable thing is Bang Jeonghwan made a poor living, but even he did not get a time for curing his disease. Bang Jeong-hwan worried only children when he fought with death until the very end. Even though Sofa passed away at the age of 30, his reputation is still diffused over the eighty years. Sofa’s billow will never dry up forever, and saturated to children’s mind.