Outdoor Space 動線 Model에 對한 基礎的 硏究 : 機能空間과 動線數의 關係를 위주로

노재현 慶熙大學校 大學院 1989 高凰論集 Vol.5 No.-

The purpose of this study is to establish a theory and method of circulation model in outdoor space. In order to extablish the context for this examination of network. it is necessary to consider the way in which we conceptualize our environment. For the purpose of present study, the place and the circulation are the important elements of spaces. As a process of landscape planning and design, in the diagrams used to illustrate network patterns we will represent a place by a circle O and a circulation by a line―. By the case study, the findings of the compatibility analysis were translated in conceptural circulation model.

독립적 생활이 가능한 뇌졸중 환자에서 환경적 요소가 이동장애에 미치는 영향

노재현,도기철,김준연,김동협,김철현,이양수,정태두 대한재활의학회 2008 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.32 No.4

Objective: To investigate the effect of environmental factors on the ability of mobility in subjects with chronic stroke who can perform nearly independent activities of daily living (ADL). Method: Sixty one patients were divided into three groups (superior, middle, and inferior) by the degree of independent walking. Modified self-administered questionnaire was completed to report how well the patients encountered the environmental elements faced in community mobility. In addition, all patients were assessed to find out the difference of ADL performance, Berg balance scale (BBS), 10 m walking time (10 mWT) and patterns of ‘going out' among the three groups. Results: The group 1 (superior group) had shown better performance than group 2 (middle group) and group 3 (inferior group) in performance of ADL, BBS, 10 mWT. Secondly, the group 1 visited more places or destinations per day than the group 2 and 3, and they used more various transportation systems than other groups. Finally, there were significant differences in the distance dimension, the temporal dimension, terrain dimension (except for a ‘getting on a elevator' component), and density dimension among the groups. Conclusion: Environmental factors as well as functional abilities could affect the mobility of subjects with chronic stroke. This result suggests that any kinds of compensation and the supports of social institutions are needed even in subjects of nearly independent ADL for their improvement of mobility and convenience. Objective: To investigate the effect of environmental factors on the ability of mobility in subjects with chronic stroke who can perform nearly independent activities of daily living (ADL). Method: Sixty one patients were divided into three groups (superior, middle, and inferior) by the degree of independent walking. Modified self-administered questionnaire was completed to report how well the patients encountered the environmental elements faced in community mobility. In addition, all patients were assessed to find out the difference of ADL performance, Berg balance scale (BBS), 10 m walking time (10 mWT) and patterns of ‘going out' among the three groups. Results: The group 1 (superior group) had shown better performance than group 2 (middle group) and group 3 (inferior group) in performance of ADL, BBS, 10 mWT. Secondly, the group 1 visited more places or destinations per day than the group 2 and 3, and they used more various transportation systems than other groups. Finally, there were significant differences in the distance dimension, the temporal dimension, terrain dimension (except for a ‘getting on a elevator' component), and density dimension among the groups. Conclusion: Environmental factors as well as functional abilities could affect the mobility of subjects with chronic stroke. This result suggests that any kinds of compensation and the supports of social institutions are needed even in subjects of nearly independent ADL for their improvement of mobility and convenience.

최명희의 소설 『혼불』에서 추출한 소나무의 경관언어

노재현,김화옥,박율진,Rho, Jae-Hyun,Kim, Hwa-Ok,Park, Yool-Jin 한국전통조경학회 2014 한국전통조경학회지 Vol.32 No.4

Throughout analyzing and construing the words, contexts, and expressive languages used for depicting the pine tree in the novel "Honbul" written by Choi, Myung-Hee the symbolism of the pine and folksy languages used for scenery can be condensed as written below: First, it is explicit that the scenery-words for illustrating the pine tree in "Honbul" are emerged through diverse means methods and expressions. Namely, the reference forms of the pine tree and the expressive means of utilizing words portrays the use of the pine are various and subdivided. Second, the scenery-words found in vocabularies and the contexts of "Honbul" imply various symbolic representation. They not only perform to describe inherent image and symbolism of the pine, but they work for reifying the image of "Honbul" in the narrative structure in "Honbul" as being intrinsic scenery-word. Third, the scenery-words used for expressing aesthetics emerge as synesthetic expressions through the linear beauty and the texture of the pine as well as through five-senses. Forth, on the basis of the inherent symbolism and the image of the pine, the landscape of the background described in "Honbul" deems as a symbolic backdrop. As with then narrative structure of the novel, the pine tree performs as a mediation of the heaven and the earth, god and man, as well as the sacred and the secular. Fifth, scenery-words used for depicting the pine tree are a symbol that represents the spirit and emotion of the character in the novel. Moreover, it is a tool for pursuing the personification of the nature, the deification of the object, and the cosmos of the space. It is also utilized as a device that definitize the ideational image applied to express the landscape of the background of the novel. As mentioned above, the expressions, vocabularies and textures about pine tree represented from "Honbul" are expected to be the beginning of understanding the landscape-images and landscape-languages of pine in not only the setting for this novels, Namwon but also the entire districts of Korea.

명승 제1호 「명주 청학동 소금강」에 대한 지명 재고(再考)

노재현,김현,Rho, Jae-Hyun,Kim, Hyun 한국전통조경학회 2014 한국전통조경학회지 Vol.32 No.4

국내 명승 제1호 "명주 청학동 소금강"의 지명 유래와 변천과정 등에 대한 오류 검토의 일환으로, 관련 고지도, 지리지, 유산기 등의 고문헌 그리고 바위글씨의 분석과 해석을 통해 확인된 본 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 지리지 분석 결과 '소금강'이란 지명은 17세기 중반의 "여지도서"에서 처음 등장한 이래, 20세기 초반 발간된 "증수임영지"에서 재현되고 있으나 고지도에서는 청학동 청학산 청학사 등의 지명 이외에 소금강이란 지명은 발견되지 않는다. '청학산'이란 지명이 최초로 발견되는 문헌은 "신증동국여지승람"이지만, 지명으로서의 최초 기록은 율곡의 "유청학산기"로 이 기록에는 소금강'이란 지명은 찾아볼 수 없고 단지 '청학산'이란 지명만 확인될 뿐이다. '이후 이순인의 "고담일고", 허균의 송별기, 허목의 "청학동구룡연기", 윤순거의 "파동일기" 그리고 이원조의 서간(書簡) 등을 볼 때 약 3세기 이상 이곳은 '청학산' 또는 '청학동'이란 지명으로 불려온 것으로 보인다. 반면에 '소금강'이란 지명이 확인되는 최초 기록은 18세기 중반 작(作)인 강재항의 시이다. 또한 금강사 앞 이능암(二能巖)에 새겨진 '소금강(小金剛)'이란 바위글씨의 주체는 크기, 서법, 전체적인 배치구도와 마모 정도 그리고 지리지의 기록 등을 고려할 때 1870년 또는 1930년에서야 동일한 주체인 이능계원(二能契員)에 의해 새겨진 것으로 보임에 따라 이곳 지명 유래의 탄탄한 근거였던 '소금강(小金剛)' 바위글씨를 율곡의 글씨로 단정할 만한 근거는 없다. 이상의 결과를 종합할 때, 율곡의 "유청학산기" 이후 이곳은 줄곧 '청학산 청학동'으로 불려왔으며 '소금강'이란 지명은 18세기 중반 이후 "입재선생유고" 중 "오언고시조"와 "여지도서"를 시작으로 "동유일기" 등 유람기 등에서도 발견되는 것으로 보아 조선후기 소금강이란 이칭(異稱)이 일반화되면서 혼용되었음을 추론할 수 있다. 요컨대 기존 명승 제1호 지명에 큰 오류가 있다고 보기는 곤란하지만 율곡의 유람과 관련된 명소로서의 장소성을 부각시키는 측면에서는 '청학동 소금강'보다는 '청학산 청학동'이란 지명이 보다 합당한 지명인 것으로 판단한다. 아울러 본 연구과정에서 확인된 1664년 윤선거 일행이 현 식당암에 각자한 '청학산(靑鶴山)', '경담(鏡潭)'의 지명 바위글씨는 고전적 유람 텍스트로서의 "유청학산기"의 영향력을 살필 수 있는 증표이자 기호학파 선비들의 율곡에 대한 숭모와 추념의식이 고스란히 담긴 표식으로 보존이 요망된다.

DME 합성 및 분리공정에서 CO₂ 제거를 위한 Rectisol^Ⓡ 공정과 SelexolTM 및 Purisol^Ⓡ 공정 사이의 성능비교

노재현,박회경,김동선,조정호,Noh, Jaehyun,Park, Hoey Kyung,Kim, Dongsun,Cho, Jungho 한국청정기술학회 2017 청정기술 Vol.23 No.3

In the dimethyl ether (DME) synthesis and separation process, over 8% by mole of $CO_2$ is fed to the DME synthesis reactor which lowers DME productivity. Therefore, this work focused on the removal of $CO_2$ using three kinds of processes with physical absorbents by comparing the utility consumption through computer simulation of each process. Among the processes selected for comparison are Rectisol$^{(R)}$ process using methanol, Purisol$^{(R)}$ process using n-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), and SelexolTM process using dimethyl ethers of polyethylene glycol (DEPG) as a solvent. As a result of this study, it was concluded that Purisol$^{(R)}$ process consumes the least energy followed by SelexolTM process. Therefore, it is considered that Purisol$^{(R)}$ process is the most suitable method to absorb $CO_2$ contained in the feed of DME synthesis reactor.

국가 지정 문화재‘명승’의 유형과 팔경(八景), 동천구곡(洞天九曲)과의 연관성

노재현,신상섭 국립문화재연구원 2010 헤리티지:역사와 과학 Vol.43 No.1

국내 명승 지정 추이와 유형 및 변천 그리고 분류상의 제문제를 검토하고 국가 지정 문화재인 명승 총 68건을 대상으로 전래팔경 및 동천구곡 그리고 현대팔경과의 연관성을 추적하여 전래경승적 의미와 가치가 현재에도 유전되고 있음을 밝히고자 한 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 역사·문화경관적 성격을 갖는 명승의 지정이 늘고 있음은 초기 문화재보호법상 지정 사유로 명기된 문화적 활용성·역사성·문학성·사상적 배경 등의 개념을 적극 수용하기 위한 취지로 이해됨에 따라 고정원과 전망점 등 문화적 명소 개념이 명승 지정의 중요 기준으로 자리 잡고 있음은 매우 고무적 현상이다. 둘째, 명승 지정 유형별로 분류하면‘자연경관이 뛰어난 곳’이 30건(44.16%),‘저명한 건물 또는 정원 및 중요한 전설지’21건(30.9%),‘저명한 경관 전망지점’9건(13.2%)‘역사·문화 경관적 가치가 뛰어난 곳’7건(10.3%) 그리고‘동·식물의 서식지로서 경관이 뛰어난 곳’1건 순으로 분석되었다. 셋째, 현재 명승 분류기준에 따르면 팔경지로 분류되는 명승은 7건, 동천으로 분류되는 명승은 3건이며 구곡으로 분류되는 명승은 없는 것으로 볼 때, 외형적으로 전체 명승 중 팔경 및 동천구곡으로 분류되는 명승은 도합 10건(14.7%)에 지나지 않는다. 넷째, 문헌자료 및 인터넷 분석에 따른 전래팔경 관련 명승은 46건(67.7%)이고 이 중 경관대상(장)으로 팔경에 포함된 명승은 38건(55.9%), 경관시점(장)으로 팔경에 포함된 명승은 8건(11.8%)으로 집계됨에 따라 총 46건(67.7%)의 명승이 전래팔경과 관련된 명승으로 분석되었다. 다섯째, 동천과 관련된 명승은 8건(11.8%)이었고 구곡과 관련된 명승은 4건(5.9%)이었으며, 총 40건(48.9%)의 명승이 현대팔경으로 설정되어 지역 명소로서의 역활과 관광홍보 콘텐츠로 활용되고 있음을 확인하였다. 여섯째, 전래팔경 및 현대팔경 또는 동천구곡과 관련된 명승은 총 62건(91.2%)으로 외형적 분류와는 달리 지정 명승 대부분은 경관에 내재된 역사적·문화적 의미와 깊숙이 관련되고 있음을 확인하였다. In this study, the progress of domestic cultural properties designation, the changes and problems in classification were examined, and the relationship among Traditional Pal-kyung, Dongcheon-gukok, and Modern Pal-kyung were investigated targeting total of 68 cases of state-designated cultural properties of scenic sites in order to show that the traditional significance and value are being inherited today. The major results of this study are as follows. First, increase in scenic site designations with historical, cultural, and scenic characteristics can be viewed as an active intent to embrace the concepts such as cultural utilities, historical characteristics, literary value, and ideological backgrounds, which were specified as the basis for designation in the early Cultural Property Protection Law. Accordingly, it is very encouraging that the concept of cultural attractions such as traditional gardens and observatory points are regarded as an important standard for designation of scenic sites. Second, as for the classification of scenic sites per type, it was found that ‘places with excellent natural scenery’ were 44.16% (30 cases), followed by ‘famous buildings or gardens and places with important legend’ occupying 30.9% (21 cases), ‘places with famous scenery’ occupying 13.2% (9 cases),‘places with outstanding historical· cultural and scenic value’ that occupying 10.3% (7 cases), and ‘animal and vegetation habitat with beautiful scenery’ (1 case). Third, according to the current classification standards for scenic sites, there were only 7 cases which could be classified into Pal-kyungs (Famous 8 Sceneries) and 3 cases classified into Dongcheon (beautiful scenery surrounded by mountains and rivers), but there was no Gugok (beautiful valleys). Consequently, in terms of external appearance, the scenic sites among the total scenic sites that could be classified into Pal-kyung and Gugok were only 14.7% (10 cases).Fourth, the traditional scenic sites based on literal references and Internet analysis occupied 67.7%(46 cases), which were found to be scenic sites related to the traditional Pal-kyung among which 38 cases(55.9% of 46 cases) were included based on the scenery and 8 cases(11.8% of 46 cases) were included due to the scenery at the time. Fifth, there were 8(11.8%) scenic sites which were related to Dongcheon, and 4 cases(5.9%) related to Gugok. Also, it was found that total of 40(48.9%) scenic sites designated as modern scenic sites were playing the role of local scenic sites, and they were used as the tourism advertising contents. Sixth, it was identified that there were 62 cases(91.2%) of scenic sites in total related to traditional and modern Pal-kyung or Dongcheon-gugok, and unlike explicit classifications, most of the designated scenic sites were found to be deeply connected with the historical and cultural significance contained in the scenaries.

Consideration on the Oddly-Shaped Stones and Water Flowing Facilities of The Royal Garden at Wanggung-ri, Iksan

노재현,김화옥,최종희,김현 한국전통조경학회 2014 한국전통조경학회지 Vol.영문 No.12

This research studied the waterway of Turtle-Shaped Stone(龜形石) remains of Asukamura(明一鄕村) during the Nara era of Japan and the change process of the Curve-Stream Banquet(winding Goksugeo: 流觴曲水) of China, and suggested a point of view for future excavation and restoration by conjecturing the detailed design and landscape strategy of the royal garden and backyard garden of Iksan Wanggungri for the purpose of providing materials to offer a lead in conjecturing the original of the oddly shaped stones and water facilities, which are the main design items of the Iksan Wanggungri garden remains. First, The main facilities excavated in the backyard garden area were installations for conveyance of water relating to water, such as the large moat-shaped ditch or waterfall stone, and among such, the large moat-shaped ditch was confirmed to have performed a complex role of water culturing and water control. The nearby of the waterway shows consistency, but it is assumed that there is a very high likelihood that parts of the ornamental stones placed as if they were naturally lined up may be a landscape stone(景石) containing a particular meaning. Second, In particular, the possibility of the trace of the construction of Seokgasan(石暇山), such as Musan 12-bong(巫山十二峯), cannot be excluded. In addition, the large moat-shaped ditch was assumed to form a round angled rectangular and to be in a “∩字” form directly connected from east to west. However, based on the recent research, the bordering or overlapping relationship between the winding waterway and drainage facility, large moat-shaped ditch and winding waterway, and the water ejecting facilities connected from each of the fortress walls on the east and west have been confirmed. Third, As such, the large moat-shaped ditch of Wanggungri garden remains not only performed the role of gathering water and enabling it to go around the backyard garden area, but also performed the complex role of water culturing through water control and ornamental stones arrangement. Fifth, It can be assumed that this not only was used for the decoration that was pursued by using the waterway and ornamental stones in the slope of the hill, but was also strongly applied for the purpose of velocity control and water control, for practical use. In addition, the form and use of rectangular foundation stone sites discovered in the center of the site and the observatory features should be focused, as such suggests the need to study in-depth regarding its possibility as a support facility for ritualistic activities in various types, including ‘Curve-Stream banquet’.

작품을 통해 바라본 그리제의 스펙트럴 미학: 소리와 시간의 이중주

노재현 한국서양음악학회 2022 서양음악학 Vol.25 No.1

본 논문은 프랑스 작곡가 그리제(Gérard Grisey, 1946-1998)가 스펙트럴음악을 창시하는 과정에서 정착된 작곡 기법들을 살펴보므로 그의 작품 특징과 현 사조에 대해 고찰하고자 한다. 작곡가는 음향분석도표를 통해 소리의 내부 구조를 연구하는 것에서 시작해, 이를 표현하고자 하나의소리에서 다른 소리로의 연속적인 변화, 시간의 유기성, 프로세수스(processus) 기법, 작은 동기와 전체 구조 간의 통일성 등 여러 기법을 유추하게 되었다. 이들은 그리제가 작곡한 거대한 사이클이자 여섯 개의 작품들로 구성된 다양한 악기 편성인 ≪음향적 공간들≫(Les Espaces Acoustiques, 1974-1985)을 쓰는 과정에서 하나씩 자리 잡게 된다. 이 사이클에 속한 여섯 개작품들의 특징을 살펴보므로 새로운 사조가 정착되는 과정에서 형성되는 각각의 기법에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 그리제가 이처럼 소리에 관해 관심 갖게 된 계기는, 자신들의 작품을 연주해 줄앙상블 이티네레르(Ensemble L’Itinéraire)가 탄생하면서 비롯되었다. 본인들이 앞으로 어떤 음악을 작곡하고, 무엇을 추구할 것인지, 소리 연구의 필요성에 대해 심층 있게 고민한 것이 이들을스펙트럴음악으로 안내하였다. 소리를 연구할수록 그리제는 시간성의 매력에 끌리게 되었고, 생물학과 음향-인지학(psycho-acoustics)에 입각하여 자신만의 시간적 이론을 제시하였다. 본 논문의 부록에서 국내에서 한 번도 인쇄되지 않은 그리제의 생애(I)와 그의 작품 목록(II)을 추가하였다.

부동산 개발사업의 리스크 저감 및 사업 주체간 역할의 개선방안에 관한 연구 - 주택개발사업을 중심으로 한 사례연구 -

노재현,황욱선,김용수,Roh Jae-Hyun,Hwang Uk-Sun,Kim Yong-Su 한국건설관리학회 2005 건설관리 : 한국건설관리학회 학회지 Vol.6 No.3

The purpose of this study is to diminish the risk through identifying the risk factors occurring in the process of real estate development projects, and analyzing and coping with the risk factors, and enable stable advance in the development process by improving the roles and work distribution of the project investor. The results of this study are as follows : 1) identifying the risks of contractions from the step of selecting the sites must be made possible through supplemental human resources expertise in plan and construction of the operation 2) as an improvement scheme, heightening the penetration wall of development projects from the investors, proposing a registration law and a selection standard of construction companies to investors' cooperating companies enabling the growth of superior investors.

도시공원 야간이용의 공공안전성 제고를 위한 요인 정합성 평가

노재현,허준,안득수,Rho, Jae-Hyun,Huh, Joon,Ahn, Deug-Soo 한국조경학회 1995 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.23 No.2

To increase the night use level, this study was analyzed perception of users about the public safety, and extracted main variables which were influencing public safety. The public safety was evaluated by the actual (on site) and nonactual users (off site) and the Delphi method. The night users of female and the elders were relatively more than male and the young respectively as compared with day. Walking was predominant in approaching means. In public safety ratings, $\boxDr$vuknerability to violence$\boxUl$varied accoding to sex, income, education, marriage, job, age. $\boxDr$crowding, $\boxDr$noise$\boxUl$ were important variables in satisfying users at night. $\boxDr$Lack of surveillance, $\boxDr$harassment of other person$\boxUl$, $\boxDr$rowdy behavior in poorer visibility$\boxUl$, $\boxDr$fear in lower intensity of light$\boxUl$ and $\boxDr$vulnerability to violence$\boxUl$stood high , so it is required guarantee of security guard to enhance the park use at night Although the ratings between field and indoor evaluation were somewhat different the variables had so similiar rant.