열간 압연용 고속도강 롤의 표면 산화에 관한 연구

김형환,임주완,이정중,이희춘,정병일 대한금속재료학회 1996 대한금속재료학회 학술대회 개요집 Vol.1996 No.1

Active 패킷 처리 지원을 위한 NodeOS 기능의 분산 구현

김형환,임동선,김화성 대한전자공학회 2000 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2000 No.11

한국산 곤충병원성 선충에 대한 알팔파바구미의 감수성 실내 검정

김형환,한건영,박정찬,추호렬,조성래,이홍수,이동운,박정규,Kim, Hyeong-Hwan,Han, Gun-Yeong,Park, Chung-Chan,Choo, Ho-Yul,Cho, Sung-Rae,Lee, Heung-Soo,Lee, Dong-Woon,Park, Chung-Gyoo 한국응용곤충학회 2007 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.46 No.1

Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the susceptibility of the alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica to Korean entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema carpocapsae GSN1 strain (ScG), S. glaseri Dongrae strain (SgD), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Hamyang strain (HbH), and Heterorhabditis sp. Gyeongsan strain (HeG) at the petri dish assay. The larval mortality of H. postica was significantly different depending on nematode species and treatment concentration. SgD and HeG strain were more effective against H. postica larva than ScG and HbH strain. When SgD and HeG strain were treated with the rate of >20 infective juveniles (ijs) per alfalfa weevil larva, mortality was ca. 77.5-100% at the late instars of H. postica in 3 days. The number of established nematode was significantly different depending on nematode species, whereas number of progeny was not significantly different. The mean number of established us of SgD strain in a host was the highest at 80 ijs by 30.2. The highest progeny number of HeG strain was 2,671.5 with 80 ijs. All nematode strains were not parasitic entirely to H. postica adults. These results show that alfalfa weevil late larva is highly susceptible to Korean entomopathogenic nematodes in the laboratory.

Steinernematid와 Heterorhabditid 곤충병원성 선충을 이용한 담배거세미나방 (Spodoptera litura)의 생물적 방제

김형환,조성래,추호렬,이상명,전흥용,이동운,Kim, Hyeong-Hwan,Cho, Sung-Rae,Choo, Ho-Yul,Lee, Sang-Myeong,Jeon, Heung-Yong,Lee, Dong-Woon 한국응용곤충학회 2008 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.47 No.4

Five effective strains against tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Steinernema carpocapsae (GSN1), Steinernema sp. (GSNUS-10), Steinernema sp. (GSNUS-14), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Hamyang (HbH), and Heterorhabditis sp. (GSNUH-1) were selected among 14 isolates of Korean entomopathogenic nematode in laboratory tests. $LC_{50}$ values of above five strains against tobacco cutworm were various by different nematode strains and developmental stages of tobacco cutworm. $LC_{50}$ value of S. carpocapsae (GSN1) was the lowest by $4.0{\sim}8.3$ infective juveniles (Ijs) and 2nd instars of tobacco cutworm was most susceptible. Pathogenicity of five effective strains against tobacco cutworm depends on nematode strain, concentration, and application times. The most effective strain was determined as S. carpocapsae (GSN1). Two or three times of applications were effective regardless of nematode strain, or concentration. Efficacy of S. carpocapsae (GSN1), Steinernema (GSNUS-10), Steinernema (GSNUS-14), and Heterorhabditis (GSNUH-1) was variable depending on nematode strain, concentration, application times, and host variety. S. carpocapsae (GSN1) was the most effective and inoculation of 100,000 infective juveniles per m2 (720,000 Ijs/7.2 $m^2=1{\times}10^9$ Ijs/ha) resulted in higher efficacy. Three times of application of nematodes led to higher control efficacy than one or two applications. Efficacy of nematodes was higher on Chinese cabbage than cabbage or kale.

오이에 피해를 주는 오이긴털가루응애(신칭), Tyrophagus neiswanderi 보고

김형환,김동환,양창열,강택준,정재아,이종호,전성욱,송진선,Hwan Kim, Hyeong,Kim, Dong Hwan,Yang, Chang Yeol,Kang, Taek Jun,Jung, Jae A,Lee, Jong Ho,Jeon, Seong-Uk,Song, Jin Sun 한국응용곤충학회 2014 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.53 No.4

Mites were collected from organic cultivations of greenhouse cucumbers and identified as Tyrophagus neiswanderi (Acari: caridae). T. neiswanderi (length, $490.1{\mu}m;$ width, $288.1{\mu}m$) is a very small, milky-white, and egg-shaped mite, and it mainly causes damage to the leaves, flowers, and fruits of cucumber plants. In the early growing season of cucumbers, the shoots of seedlings became pale and yellow because of T. neiswanderi, and eventually shrinkage or bud-failing was observed in the plants. In the middle of the growing season, T. neiswanderi caused white spots on the leaves and flowers of the plants, and the spots gradually became holes. T. neiswanderi also caused severe damage to young fruits by feeding on the rinds of the fruits, inducing malformations and lowering the economic value. 무농약 시설재배 오이에서 잎, 꽃 및 과실을 가해하던 응애를 채집하여 동정한 결과 오이긴털가루응애(Tyrophagus neiswanderi)로 동정되었다. 오이긴털가루응애는 분류학상 응애목(Acarina) 가루응애과(Astigmata)에 속하며 형태적으로는 유백색의 계란형을 띄고 체장은 $490.1{\mu}m$, 체폭은 $288.1{\mu}m$의 매우 작은 응애이다. 오이긴털가루응애는 잎, 꽃, 과실에 모두 발생하여 피해를 주었다. 피해증상은 정식 초기 유묘의 경우 신초가 수축되면서 연노란색으로 탈색이 되고, 심하면 신초가 멎는 피해가 나타난다. 또한 오이가 생육을 하는 과정에서 잎이 피해를 받으면 처음에는 오이잎에 흰색의 반점이 나타나고 시간이 경과함에 따라 반점에 구멍이 나고 찢어진다. 꽃에서도 흰색 반점과 찢어지는 증상이 나타난다. 과실에서는 어린 과실일 때 피해를 받으면 과실의 비대가 저해되거나 기형과가 나타나며, 과실이 비대하더라도 코르크증상으로 인해 상품성이 떨어지게 된다.

SaaS 기술 개발 동향

김형환,원희선,오병택,이상민,박경현,이지현,양경아,이원재,허성진,정문영,김원영,전성익,최완,Kim, H.H.,Won, H.S.,Oh, B.T.,Lee, S.M.,Park, K.H.,Lee, J.H.,Yang, K.A.,Lee, W.J.,Hur, S.J.,Chung, M.Y.,Kim, W.Y.,Jun, S.I.,Choi, W. 한국전자통신연구원 2009 전자통신동향분석 Vol.24 No.4

최근 국내 소프트웨어 시장에서 소프트웨어를 서비스로 사용하는 SaaS에 대한 관심이 부각되고 있다. 본 고에서는 SaaS의 정의와 개념을 살펴보고 핵심기능인 멀티테넌시를 구현하기 위한 참조모델을 소개한다. 또한, 해외 및 국내의 개발 사례를 알아보고 국가 플랫폼 과제의 일환으로 2009년부터 한국전자통신연구원에서 수행하는 SaaS 플랫폼 개발과제를 소개하며 앞으로의 SaaS 플랫폼 개발을 전망해 본다.

Vasodilation Effect of the Water Extract of Rheum palmatum L. in Rat Thoracic Aorta.

김형환,구본식,박수연,안덕균,최호영,박성규 대한본초학회 2002 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

掌葉大黃과 種大黃이 흰쥐의 흉부대동맥 혈관이완에 미치는 영향

김형환,박수연,안덕규,박성규 대한본초학회 2004 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.19 No.3

Objectives: We have examined the relaxational response to the water extract of Rheum palmatum L. (ERP), R undulatum L. (ERU) and its components in isolated thoracic aorta from sprague dawley (SD) rat. Methods: Rat thoracic aorta was investigated in vessel segments suspended for isometric tension recording by polygraph. Responses to ERP and ERU were investigated in vessels precontracted with 5-hydroxytryptamine. We found that the thoracic aorta segments responded to the water extract of ERP and ERU with a dose-dependent vasorelaxation. Results: We found that 1. The thoracic aorta segments responded to ERP and ERU with a dose-dependent vasodilation. 2. The 5-HT induced contraction at 10-4M were inhibited by 85.8% and 64.4% after addition of the 0.1 g/mL water extract of ERP and ERU. 3. The 5-HT induced contraction at 10-3M were inhibited by 100% after 10-3M emodin. 4. The amounts of emodin were 3.15% and 2.26% in Rheum palmatum L. and R. undulatum L, respectable. Conclusion: In conclusion, ERP and ERU induced relaxation in the isolated rat thoracic aorta were composed of dose-dependent relaxation and it's major component, emodin, has potent vasodilation.

목화진딧물, 복숭아혹진딧물, 점박이응애에 대한 식물추출 조성물의 살충력

김형환,최성환,조명래,강택준,안성준 한국농약과학회 2011 한국농약과학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.11

육묘장내 작은뿌리파리의 발생과 피해

김형환,추호렬,이홍수,조성래,신현열,박정규,추영무 한국응용곤충학회 2000 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.39 No.2

1998년부터 1999년까지 11곳의 육묘장에서 육묘 중이던 가지, 고추, 배추, 수박 오이, 참외, 토마토유묘를 가해하던 해충을 조사한 결과, 8과 9속 10종과 응애류 1과 1속 2종, 달팽이류 2과 3속 3종이 발견되었으며 그 중 가장 문제가 되었던 해충은 작은뿌리파리였다. 그리하여 작은 뿌리파리의 피해가 심하였던 2곳의 육묘장에서 작은뿌리파리의 년중 발생과 피해상황을 관찰하였다. 5월, 7월, 10월 그리고 이듬해 2월의 작물별 피해조사에서는 7작물 중 수박유묘만이 작은뿌리파리 유충에 의하여 고사되었으며, 고사율은 각각 81.9%, 41.3%, 54.9%, 79.1%였다. 육묘장에서 작은뿌리파리는 알, 유충, 번데기, 성충 등 모든 발육단계가 년중 매달 관찰되었다. 그러나 작은뿌리파리의 유충밀도와 성충밀도는 조사시기에 따라 차이가 있었다. 즉, 밀도가 가장 높았던 시기는 5월로서 유충밀도는 34.9마리였고, 성충밀도는 407.4마리였다. 한편, 수박유묘 고사주율이 높았던 달은 4월과 5월로서 각각 83.3%와 82.4%였다. trap별 작은 뿌리파리 성충의 유인수는 blue sticky card보다는 yellow sticky card에서 훨씬 많았는데, 각각 20.2마리와 326.2마리였다. yellow sticky card를 설치한 후 높이별로 성충 유인수를 조사한 것에서는 bench 위 25cm card의 27.9마리보다 유인수가 많았다. 육묘장에서 육묘중이던 오이, 고추, 수박유묘를 재배방법이 다른 시설하우스에 이식한 후 작은뿌리파리에 의한 고사주율을 조사한 것에서는 재배법에 따른 유의적인 차이는 없었다. Insect pests of eggplant, pepper, Chinese cabbage, watermelon, cucumber, melon, and tomato seedlings were surveyed in eleven propagation houses from 1998 to 1999. Ten species of insect pests of nine genera in eight families, two species of mites of one genus in one family, and three species of slugsor snails in three genera belonging to two families were found from the observed seedlings but Bradysia agrestis was the most serious pest out of them. Thus, occurrence and damage of B. agrestis were investigated in two propagation houses all the year round. In the observation of seedling mortalities of seven crops in May, July, October and the following February, only watermelon seedlings were withered and dead by the larva of B. agrestis with different mortality depending on time representing 81.9%, 41.3%, 54.9%, and 79.1%, respectively. All the developmental stages of B. agrestis were found every month throughout the year. Larval density and adult density were different according to season with the highest numbers in May showing 34.9 and 407.4, respectively. Mortality of watermelon seedlings was higher in April and May than the other months showing 83.3% in April and 82.4% in May. The number of adults attracted to sticky trap was also different depending on card colour. The number of adults was much higher on yellow sticky card (326.2) than blue sticky card (20.2). In the investigation of the number of adults on yellow sticky card at 25 cm and 120 cm above the bench and 10 cm under the bench, more numbers of adults were caught at 25 cm above the bench (273.7) and 10 cm under the bench (320.1) than 120 cm above the bench (27.9). Mortalities of cucumber, pepper, and watermelon seedlings after transplanting in greenhouses were not significantly different depending on culture method.