21세기 문화 환경의 변화와 고전문학 연구의 방향

김준형 고전문학한문학연구학회 2025 고전과 해석 Vol.47 No.-

20세기 말 사회주의 체제 몰락에서 비롯된 문화 환경의 변화는 한국 고전문학 연구의 흐름도 바꾸어 놓았다. 그동안 진리로 믿어왔던 민족과 근대를 전면에 내세운 거대 담론이 무너졌다. 사회 구조와 연계시켜 인간 삶의 패턴을 읽어내던, ‘밑으로부터의 역사’를 내세운 사회사 연구도 시들해졌다. 사라진 자리는 일상과 감정을 중심에 둔 소위 문화 담론이 잠식해갔다. 집단과 이성에 기초한 단일하면서도 규범적 지식체계를 대신하여, 개인과 감정을 강조하는 구성적 실천 행위로 변환한 것이다. 한국 고전문학의 연구도 다르지 않다. 그중에서 주목할 만한 변화는 크게 세 가지로 요약할 수 있다. 첫째, 이념에서 일상으로. 둘째, 중심에서 주변으로. 셋째, 규범에서 실천으로의 접근이 그렇다. 요약한 세 가지는 별개로 존재하지 않고, 서로 엇물려 있다. 내포한 의미도 크다. ‘이념에서 일상으로’는 ‘집단에서 개인으로’로 바꿀 수 있고, ‘중심에서 주변으로’와 ‘규범에서 실천으로’는 이성적 필연에서 감성적 우연으로 변화라 해도 무방하다. 이런 변화의 징조는 장르와 시대구분 논쟁의 약화 도정에서 나타났다. 장르 문제의 약화는 문학 연구의 중심을 지워, 시선을 주변으로 돌리게 했다. 시대구분 문제의 약화는 문학 연구가 지닌 이념의 장을 일상의 실천으로 선회하게 했다. 이런 상황에서 문학 해석의 방향도 규범 찾기보다 탈경계를 통한 실천 양상으로 흘러갈 수밖에 없었다. ‘이념에서 일상으로’는 문학사를 중심으로 이념이 어떻게 작동했는가를 살폈다. 지난 세기 문학사는 민족의 이익, 국가의 이익을 지향하는 논리를 만들었다. 뜻하든 뜻하지 않았든 간에 이념을 통한 민족적 가치를 높이기 위해 문학사가 존재했다. 그러나 패러다임의 전환에 따라 초점은 일상으로 향했다. ‘중심에서 주변으로’는 한국문학의 범위를 중심으로 선택과 배제의 양상을 살폈다. ‘국’문학과 ‘한국’문학은 국체(國體) 문제와 연결된다. 초창기 표기 문자에 의한 경계 짓기는 문자를 통한 문화적 소속감을 강조했다. 문화적 소속감을 강요하는 정전도 같은 맥락으로 설명할 수 있다. 그러나 패러다임의 전환은 중심을 주변으로 분산시켰다. 나는 중심의 일분자(一分子)가 아니라, 나를 중심에 두고 내 위치에서 세상을 구성하는 방식으로 변화하게 했다. ‘규범에서 실천으로’는 근대를 중심으로 문학 내적 질서가 어떻게 외부로 향하는가를 살폈다. 근대는 이식된 것인가 아닌가의 문제에서 출발한다. 일찍이 이식 문제는 극복되었다고 하면서도, 기실 전통 단절론은 좀처럼 그 갭을 좁히지 못했다. 그 갭을 극복한 것은 근대적 문학주의에 기반한 분과 학문 체제의 해체를 가속화시킨 패러다임의 전환에서 비롯되었다. 미시사 및 문화사적 접근이 강조된 것과 매체에 대한 관심도 같은 맥락에서 이해할 수 있다. The cultural shifts that emerged from the collapse of socialist systems at the end of the 20th century also altered the trajectory of research in Korean classical literature. The grand narratives that had foregrounded nationhood and modernity—once regarded as truths—crumbled. The approach of social history, which sought to interpret human life patterns through structural frameworks and emphasized a "history from below," also lost traction. In its place, so-called "cultural discourse," which centers on the everyday and the emotional, began to take hold. Knowledge systems grounded in collectivity and rationality gave way to performative practices that emphasize individual experience and emotion. This transformation is evident in Korean classical literary studies as well. Three key shifts are particularly noteworthy: From ideology to everyday life, From the center to the periphery, From normativity to practice. These three shifts do not exist independently; they intersect and reinforce one another, and each carries significant implications. For instance, the shift "from ideology to the everyday" could also be phrased as a shift "from the collective to the individual." Likewise, the shift "from center to periphery" and "from normativity to practice" represents a move from rational necessity to emotional contingency. The signs of such change can be observed in the weakening of genre and periodization debates. As genre boundaries erode, the focus of literary research moves away from the canonical center toward marginal or overlooked texts. The decline of periodization debates signals a shift from ideologically defined frameworks to interpretations rooted in everyday practices. Consequently, literary interpretation also moves from the search for norms to trans-boundary practices grounded in lived experience. The move "from ideology to everyday life" prompts reflection on how ideology functioned at the heart of literary historiography. In the last century, literary history in Korea often functioned to support national or state-oriented agendas. Whether intentional or not, literary historiography elevated nationalistic values through ideological framing. However, with the paradigm shift, scholarly focus has turned toward the everyday. Similarly, the shift "from center to periphery" raises questions about how Korean literature was defined through mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion. The divide between "national literature" (국문학) and "Korean literature" (한국문학) is tied to issues of national identity. Early categorizations based on script (e.g., Chinese characters vs. Hangul) were intended to emphasize cultural belonging. Literary canons, which often enforced this cultural alignment, can be understood in the same context. The new paradigm, however, decentralizes this center and allows individuals to reconstruct the world from their own positions, not as mere parts of a larger whole. The shift "from normativity to practice" examines how internal literary orders—especially those centered on modernity—turn outward. This begins with the question: was modernity imported or not? While the issue of transplantation may have been “overcome” on the surface, the narrative of rupture with tradition continued to prevent a true reconciliation. The overcoming of this gap was made possible by a paradigm shift that dismantled the disciplinary structure of modern literary studies. This is closely linked to the rise of microhistory, cultural-historical approaches, and a growing interest in media studies.

Assessment on Antioxidant Properties of Oplopanax elatus Nakai in vitro

김준형,엄석현,이한신,김재광,유창연,권용수,이주경,김명조 한국약용작물학회 2007 韓國藥用作物學會誌 Vol.15 No.2

Effects of Oplopanax elatus have known to various pharmaceutical therapies. However, chemical prosperities inthe plant are rarely investigated. In order to detect biological activity, we evaluated the antioxidant activity of five fractionsfrom methanolic extracts in each part of O. elatus. Also, contents of polyphenols and polysaccharides were measured. Five fractionswere of sub-fractions using n-hexane, ethyl-acetate, n-butanol, and water from methanolic extracts. Ethylacetate and nbutanolfractions from stem and root exhibited strong antioxidant activity and high total phenolics content. On the HPLCanalysis, ten free phenolics, including p-hydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulicacid, naringin, hesperidin, quercetin and trans-cinnamic acid, were identified from the fractions and were shown to differentquantitative proportions. Furthermore, ethylacetate and n-butanol fraction had the highest amount of chlorogenic acids,one of the cinnamic acid derivatives possessing pharmacological properties. These results indicated that the fractions of O. elatus,as well as methanolic extracts, could be used as natural antioxidative ingredients. Effects of Oplopanax elatus have known to various pharmaceutical therapies. However, chemical prosperities in the plant are rarely investigated. In order to detect biological activity, we evaluated the antioxidant activity of five fractions from methanolic extracts in each part of O. elatus. Also, contents of polyphenols and polysaccharides were measured. Five fractions were of sub-fractions using n-hexane, ethyl-acetate, n-butanol, and water from methanolic extracts. Ethylacetate and nbutanol fractions from stem and root exhibited strong antioxidant activity and high total phenolics content. On the HPLC analysis, ten free phenolics, including p-hydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, naringin, hesperidin, quercetin and trans-cinnamic acid, were identified from the fractions and were shown to different quantitative proportions. Furthermore, ethylacetate and n-butanol fraction had the highest amount of chlorogenic acids, one of the cinnamic acid derivatives possessing pharmacological properties. These results indicated that the fractions of O. elatus, as well as methanolic extracts, could be used as natural antioxidative ingredients.

ODI (o-dihydroxyisoflavone) biosynthesis and ODI production from Doenjang (Fermented Soybean paste) and Streptomyces avermitilis

김준형 한국공업화학회 2007 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2007 No.-

P450 mediated hydroxylation of phloretin using Streptomyces avermitilis MA4680

김준형,김우일,박종화,이종기,장상목 한국공업화학회 2013 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2013 No.-

Decolorization of dyes with Bacillus subtilis spore

김준형,장상목,박종화,김은현,김가영 한국공업화학회 2013 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2013 No.-

Removal of Cu²⁺ and Ni²⁺ using surface display of polyhistidine on bacillus subtilis spore by use of the cotE anchor protein

김준형 한국공업화학회 2014 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2014 No.1

We studied removing heavy metal using Bacillus subtilis spore surface display system. We used cot E protein as an anchoring motif because of its high abundance in coat layer and inserted double 6histidine tag at the C-terminal end of anchoring motif. We checked the surface expression of histidine tag using flow cytometry with FITC labelled anti-his6- antibody. Histogram of flow cytometry showed higher fluorescence intensity, possibly due to their outer location on Bacillus subtilis spore. We tried Cu²⁺ and Ni²⁺ adsorption with recombinant spore(CotE-His12) and DB104(wild type) used by atomic adsorption spectrometer. We confirmed that Cu²⁺ and Ni²⁺ adsorption capacity of CotE-His12 is higher than DB104(wild type).

새정부 주택정책에 대한 일곱 가지 제언

김준형 한국주택학회 2017 한국주택학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2017 No.1

제주관광과 스포츠관광에 관한 연구의 키워드 네트워크에 대한 이해

김준형,최성훈 강원대학교 경영경제연구소 2024 Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Vol.15 No.1

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to conduct a preliminary study to identify key trends on research articles indexed in KCI in relation to tourism in Jeju and sports tourism. Design/methodology/approach - Information regarding research articles focused on Jeju tourism and sports tourism indexed in KCI (145 and 120 articles respectively) were collected and finally abstract written in Korean of 100 and 91 articles on sports tourism and Jeju tourism respectively were chosen for the further analysis after removing redundant articles. R program was used to analyze keyword frequencies, co-occurring terms, and degree/betweeness centrality measures and visualize the keyword network results. Findings - Event, marketing, content, program, implication, service, stadium, and tourism destination have been identified as keywords with highest frequencies among research on sport tourism, whereas tourism destination, image, brand, content, data, Chinese, satisfaction, eco-tourism service, place of arrival were highly appearing terms among research on Jeju tourism. Research implications or Originality - This study highlighted that Jeju has been interlinked with a range of terms such as programs influencing Jeju tourism, natural environment, tourism-related resources (e.g., museums, dramas, etc.), whereas sports has been closely related to sports event and vaiours types of sports (e.g., bicycle, staking, and scuber), but not to Jeju-do.

Conjugacy invariants of quaternion matrices

김준형,Qianghua Luo 대한수학회 2020 대한수학회논문집 Vol.35 No.4

In this paper, we find new conjugacy invariants of $Sl(3,\mathbb{H})$. This result is a generalization of Foreman's result for $Sl(2,\mathbb{H})$.

시니어주택, ‘초’고령사회에 걸맞은 ‘초’월적 접근이 필요할 때

김준형 대한국토·도시계획학회 2025 도시정보 Vol.- No.515