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      • KCI등재

        파노라마방사선사진에서 골형태 계측과 구내표준필름에서 구리당량치의 상관관계

        김재덕,Kim Jae-Duk 대한영상치의학회 2003 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.33 No.3

        Purpose: To determine whether the mandibular radiomorphometric indices in panoramic radiography are correlated with the bone mineral density of Cu-equivalent images in intraoral film. Materials and Methods: The bone mineral density (BMD) of the mandibular premolar area was measured in the Cu-equivalent image of intraoral film. The Panoramic Mandibular Index (PMI) and Mandibular Cortical Width (MCW) were measured in panoramic radiographs of six dry mandibles, and the Pearson correlation between PMI, MCW, and BMD were tested. Results: There were no significant correlations between PMI and BMD (r = 0.280), nor between MCW and BMD (r =0.237). Conclusion: The results show that PMI and MCW were poor diagnostic indicators of mandibular BMD in the six dry mandibles used in this study. The correlationship between the mandibular radiomorphometric indices (PMI and MCW) and mandibular BMD needs to be researched further using large in vivo patient samples.

      • KCI등재

        파노라마촬영장치의 협설선형단층상에 의한 상악동과 치조골 평가

        김재덕,Kim Jae-Duk 대한영상치의학회 2003 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.33 No.3

        Purpose: To evaluate the precision of measurements taken of dental implants in bucco-lingually sectioned views of the maxilla by linear tomograms of the panorama and to assess the visibility of the inferior wall of the maxillary sinus. Materials and Methods : Eighty sites prepared with implants of gutta percha cone in the sockets of the upper premolars and molars of 10 dry skulls were radiographically examined using linear tomograms of panorama, and scanned coronally and axially by computed tomography. The differences in mm between the measurements in bucco-lingually sectioned images of maxillary alveolar bone and the true length and width of the implanted gutta percha cones were compared as mean values (mean) and standard deviations (SD) for each radiographic technique. Linear tomography of panorama was compared with computed tomography for visualization of the relationship between the inferior wall of maxillary sinus and the end of each implant. Results: The deviations between the actual implant length and the measured values taken from the linear tomograms (0.44±0.39 mm) was significantly less than the measured values from the multiplanar reconstructed images of the axially scanned computed tomogram (1.21 ± 0.90 mm). There was statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between two techniques in the differences between the measurements and true implant length. The relationship of the inferior border of maxillary sinus with end of implant was worse identified with the linear tomogram of panorama (68%) than the multiplanar reconstructed image of axially scanned computed tomogram (99%). Conclusion: We could not find any differences in the accuracy of length measurement between the linear tomogram of panorama and computed tomogram, but computed tomogram allowed for a better visualization of the inferior wall of the maxillary sinus than the linear tomogram.

      • KCI등재후보

        내사의 허용범위와 통제방안

        김재덕 梨花女子大學校 法學硏究所 2011 법학논집 Vol.16 No.1

        내사는 일반적으로 검찰이나 경찰 등이 범죄를 인지하기 전에 보도⋅풍설⋅진정⋅익명의 신고 등을 통하여 범죄혐의 유무를 확인하기 위하여 수행하는 조사활동을 말한다. 종래 내사는 수사와 그 법적성질을 달리하고 피내사자는 피의자가 아니므로 피내사자에게는 형사 입건된 피의자의 지위에서 가지는 형사소송법상의 권리가 부정되어왔다. 그러나 범죄의 혐의가 있어서 수사를 받는 피의자에 비하여 범죄의 혐의 유무가 명백히 밝혀지지 않은 상태에서 조사를 받는 자가 피내사자임을 고려하면 피의자보다 오히려 더 많은 권리가 보장되어야 한다고 보는 것은 인지상정일 것이다. 내사의 종기(終期)와 수사의 시기(始期)를 언제로 볼 것인가에 대해서는 형식설과 실질설이 대립하고 있는데, 형사소송법의 수사에 내사까지 포함시킬 수 없다는 점에서 형식설의 입장에서 피내사자의 수사상 권리를 보호하려는 견해는 부당하고, 과연 범죄의 혐의가 있다고 판단하였음을 외부적으로 표시하는 조치로 볼 수 있는 행위가 무엇인지에 대하여 별다른 기준을 제시하지 못하고 있다는 점에서 실질설도 타당하다고 볼 수 없다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하는 방법은 형식설과 실질설을 단일화하여 내사와 수사의 구별기준과 시기를 통합하는 데에서 찾아야 하며, 이를 위해서는 내사를 언급하고 있는 모든 규정들을 종합적으로 살펴보고 타당한 결론을 내려야 할 것이다. 즉 형사소송법상 강제처분은 대인적이든 대물적이든 수사를 전제로 규정하고 있으므로 입건하지 아니한 내사절차에서는 불가하며, 피내사자에 대한 임의조사 또는 임의동행은 헌법과 형사소송법에 의한 규정의 취지에 의하여, 출국금지는 출입국관리법과 동시행령에서 내사의 경우를 상정하지 아니하고 있으므로 모두 불가능하다. 다만 통신제한조치와 통신사실확인자료 제공요청은 통신비밀보호법의 관련규정에 의하여, 금융거래 내용에 대한 정보 또는 자료제공요구는 금융실명거래 및 비밀보장에 관한 법률의 관련규정에 의하여 피내사자에 대해서 가능하며, 간접내사가 바람직하고 권리침해의 우려가 비교적 적은 사실조회는 내사단계에서도 가능하다고 할 것이다. Rights that a suspect may have in its status according to the code of criminal procedures have been denied since inquiry has different legal nature from investigation and a person who is subject to inquiry is not a suspect. However, it would be natural that more rights must be guaranteed to a person who is subject to inquiry than to the suspect considering that the person who is subject to inquiry in the state that a charge of crime is clearly not identified differently from the suspect who is subject to investigation for the reason of the charge of crime. In such a critical mind, distinction between investigation and inquiry must be based on the time of charge of a crime, and it was asserted that rights at least equivalent to status of a suspect according to the code of criminal procedures must be allowed to the person who is subject to inquiry by including the person who is subject to inquiry in the suspect in a broad sense by interpreting the concept of investigation that the code of criminal procedures assume in a broad sense, and this assertion has been widely accepted in the academic field and the practical field. This view contains intention to guarantee the rights of the person who is subject to inquiry at the same time of understanding the legal nature of inquiry on the formal theory. After that, the Supreme Court declared judgment that the person who is subject to inquiry became a suspect considering that a crime is recognized in the time when an investigation institute started investigation due to charge of a crime, not the time of taking cognizance of a case. The view of composition of a theory was newly emerged and was supported among scholars, asserting that the person who was subject to inquiry could enjoy the status as a suspect and that a series of action indicating that an investigation institute determined the charge of a crime against the person who was subject to inquiry by expanding the concept of investigation existed, not considering the time becoming a suspect on the behavior of taking cognizance of a case (real theory). However, the first view is not feasible because inquiry cannot be included in the concept of investigation that the code of criminal procedures define if generalizing Article 195 and paragraph 2 of Article 199 of the code of criminal procedures. In addition, the second view is also problematic not presenting plausible criteria about what is behavior considerable as action indicating that that an investigation institute determined the charge of a crime against the person who was subject to inquiry. Considering that difference in status between a suspect and a person who is subject to inquiry, presentation of unclear criteria like this will make only a battlefield. Method to solve this problem must be sought from integration of distinction criteria and time of both inquiry and investigation by unifying the formal theory and the real theory. To the end, feasible conclusion must be derived generally considering all the regulations mentioning inquiry.

      • KCI등재

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