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      • KCI등재

        주요 수종별 재적의 상업적 이용율 추정

        손영모 ( Yeong Mo Son ),강진택 ( Jin Taek Kang ),원현규 ( Hyun Kyu Won ),전주현 ( Ju Hyun Jeon ) 한국산림과학회 2016 한국산림과학회지 Vol.105 No.3

        This study was conducted to derive merchantable volume ratio for 5 major species such as Pinus Densiflora (Central Region). The data used for this study was from at least more than 1,300 trees of research data throughout the country. the study applied two estimation equations, which were the estimation equation for wood volume ratio representing total wood volume to total tree stem volume and the estimation equation for merchantability representing ratio of merchantable volume to total wood volume. The merchantable volume ratio was derived by multiplying those two estimation equations. In order to gain wood volume ratio(W) from DBH,W= {a _{1}} over {1+a _{2/D}} + {b _{1}} over {1+b _{2/D}} model was used. Fitness index of it was more than 99% by species, and other test statistics also indicated the suitability of this equation enough. Merchantability (M) for wood volume applied W=e ^{a _{1} LEFT ( {d} over {D} RIGHT ) ^{a _{2}}} - LEFT ( b _{0} +b _{1} D+b _{2} D ^{2} +b _{3} D ^{3} RIGHT ) model and fitness index was more than 96% by species. Merchantable volume ratio was assessed using those two estimation equations by each 5 species, and constructed a merchantable volume ratio table. In result, merchuntable volume ratio was little difference between stand types, but there was slightly different with the existing standard such as conifers of 85% and non-conifers of 70%.

      • KCI등재

        대사증후군과 전립샘비대증: 대사증후군 개별요소와 전립샘용적, 전립샘특이항원의 상관관계를 통한 고찰

        장택환,손정환,김재일,장석흔 대한비뇨의학회 2008 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.49 No.11

        Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between metabolic syndrome and benign prostatic hyperplasia in Korean men, we investigated the relation between prostate volume and the serum prostate specific-antigen (PSA) level with the factors for metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the data of 1,412 men who had a general health check-up without significant evidence of disease between January 2004 and May 2007. The age, prostate volume, PSA, PSA density and metabolic factors were measured, and the relationships of these factors were evaluated. We also compared the prostate-related data between the metabolic syndrome(MS) group and non-metabolic syndrome(NMS) group. Results: The prostate volume was significantly larger in the MS group (23.0±7.1ml) than that in the NMS group(20.9±6.1ml)(p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference of the PSA level between the two groups(MS group: 0.86±0.66, NMS group: 0.90±0.81), but the PSAD was significantly different between the two groups(MS group: 0.038±0.027, NMS group: 0.044±0.031)(p=0.0035). We concluded that there was a significant correlation between the prostate volume and the metabolic syndrome factors. However, when analyzing the influence of each metabolic syndrome factor on the prostate volume, only the BMI was a relatively influential factor. Conclusions: Our study showed that there was significant correlation between each metabolic syndrome factor and the prostate volume. This seemed to be the result of the commonly related pathophysiology of MS and an enlarged prostrate volume, and obesity was a significant factor. It was meaningful that the PSA level in the MS group was lower than that of the NMS group in case of the same prostate volume. Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between metabolic syndrome and benign prostatic hyperplasia in Korean men, we investigated the relation between prostate volume and the serum prostate specific-antigen (PSA) level with the factors for metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the data of 1,412 men who had a general health check-up without significant evidence of disease between January 2004 and May 2007. The age, prostate volume, PSA, PSA density and metabolic factors were measured, and the relationships of these factors were evaluated. We also compared the prostate-related data between the metabolic syndrome(MS) group and non-metabolic syndrome(NMS) group. Results: The prostate volume was significantly larger in the MS group (23.0±7.1ml) than that in the NMS group(20.9±6.1ml)(p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference of the PSA level between the two groups(MS group: 0.86±0.66, NMS group: 0.90±0.81), but the PSAD was significantly different between the two groups(MS group: 0.038±0.027, NMS group: 0.044±0.031)(p=0.0035). We concluded that there was a significant correlation between the prostate volume and the metabolic syndrome factors. However, when analyzing the influence of each metabolic syndrome factor on the prostate volume, only the BMI was a relatively influential factor. Conclusions: Our study showed that there was significant correlation between each metabolic syndrome factor and the prostate volume. This seemed to be the result of the commonly related pathophysiology of MS and an enlarged prostrate volume, and obesity was a significant factor. It was meaningful that the PSA level in the MS group was lower than that of the NMS group in case of the same prostate volume.

      • Desorbed gas volume estimation using conventional well-log data for the Montney Formation, Deep Basin, Canada

        Yang, Il Ho,Lee, Hyun Suk Elsevier 2018 Journal of petroleum science & engineering Vol.162 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study focuses on desorbed gas volume estimation of the Montney Formation, Deep Basin, Canada. Because desorbed gas has significantly contributed to shale gas production, and ranges from 10% to 40% of the total production, an accurate desorbed gas volume estimation is important to evaluate and develop shale gas fields. The desorbed gas volume was calculated using two methods – the adsorption capacity (cf. Langmuir test) and canister volume measurements. Both methods were originally adopted from coal-bed-methane production and applied to shale gas reservoirs after the commercial production of shale gas. The Montney Formation contains less than 2% of total organic carbon, with an average of 0.7% primarily derived from the secondary cracking of migrated oil. This suggests the absence of the adsorption capacity and organoporosity of organic matter. Conversely, the Montney Formation contains more than 20% of clay minerals, and the canister volume test shows that the formation has 22 scf/ton of desorbed gas volume. Based on a mineralogical analysis, this desorbed gas is primarily adsorbed to clay minerals, such as illite, mica, smectite, kaolinite, among others. Because illite is the major component among the clay minerals and has a positive correlation to the canister volume, the illite volume was calculated from conventional well logs to estimate exact desorbed gas volume. We assumed that the clay volume primarily consisted simply of illite and the rest clay minerals and figure out the volume of illite by using neutron-density cross plot.</P> <P>The calculated illite volume has a positive correlation to the canister volume, which can be used to infer the desorbed gas volume of the Montney Formation. The estimated desorbed gas volume in the Montney Formation ranges from 19 to 30 scf/ton, which is lower than the free-gas volume.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Desorbed gas volume of Montney Formation is estimated from regression between the illite minerals and canister gas volume. </LI> <LI> The volume of illite minerals is calculated by neutron porosity and density logs cross-plot. </LI> <LI> The calculated illite group and desorbed gas volume from well logs is compared to core based illite minerals and canister gas volume, showing very similar trend. </LI> <LI> The proposed new method for low TOC shale gas reservoirs such as the Montney Formation can calculated desorbed gas volume. </LI> </UL> </P>

      • KCI등재

        Postvoid Residual Volume Correlates With Bladder Outlet Obstruction and Not With Detrusor Contraction Strength Parameters in Women: A Matched Case-Control Study

        Juan Pablo Valdevenito,Alejandro Mercado-Campero,Mauricio Olea,Jorge Moreno-Palacios,Márcio A. Averbeck 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2024 International Neurourology Journal Vol.28 No.4

        Purpose: To compare voiding parameters in women with and without increased postvoid residual (PVR) volume, to correlate these parameters with PVR volume and PVR percentage, and to describe their ability to predict an increased PVR volume. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study of urodynamics data prospectively acquired from consecutive symptomatic women over a 5-year period. Patients with spinal cord disorders and with abdominal straining during voiding (abdominal pressure ≥10 cm H2O over baseline at maximum flow rate [Qmax]) were excluded. Increased PVR volume was defined as ≥50 mL. Patients with and without increased PVR volume were matched by age, presence of urodynamic stress urinary incontinence and premicturition bladder volume. Female bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) index (female-BOOI), urethral resistance (UR), projected isovolumetric pressure 1 (PIP1), and relative BOO indexes (female-BOOI/PIP1 and UR/PIP1 ratios) were calculated. Linear regression analysis was applied to correlate the voiding indexes with PVR volume and PVR percentage. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was calculated to describe diagnostic accuracy of these indexes for increased PVR volume. Results: One-hundred ten women with mean age 65.9±13.7 (range, 20–87) years were included. All voiding parameters were significantly different between women with and without increased PVR volume, except for PIP1. Female-BOOI showed the best correlation with increased PVR volume (R2=0.2509, P<0.001) and PVR percentage (R2=0.3677, P<0.001). PIP1 showed no correlation. Relative BOOI indexes did not improve these correlations. ROC curve analyzes confirmed that female-BOOI and UR had good ability to predict increased PVR volume (AUC=0.841 and AUC=0.856, respectively). Conclusions: PVR volume and PVR percentage correlated with BOO but not to detrusor contraction strength parameters in symptomatic women that void without abdominal straining. The results of this study contribute to the understanding of the pathophysiology of increased PVR volume in women.

      • KCI등재후보

        인터넷 검색빈도와 아파트 거래량 간의 선행-후행 관계

        유한수(Yoo, Han-Soo) 한국부동산정책학회 2020 不動産政策硏究 Vol.21 No.1

        The aim of this paper is to investigate empirically the lead-lag relation between Internet search volume(Naver Trend Index) and trading volume of apartment. The Internet is the main source of information gathering. The increase of Internet search volume on something means the increase of people’s interest in something. Previous studies in this topic examine the relationship between Internet search volume and the released trading volume of apartment. The distinguishing feature of this empirical study is that it investigates the relation between Internet search volume and the fundamental trading volume of apartment, and the relationship between Internet search volume and the transitory trading volume of apartment. The first step of this empirical study is to decompose released trading volume into fundamental trading volume and transitory trading volume. The second step is unit root test. The third step is Granger causality test. The results of Granger causality test reveal that Internet search volume Granger causes released trading volume of apartment, and the fundamental trading volume of apartment. And there exists one-way Granger causality from Internet search volume to the transitory trading volume of apartment. The fourth step, the impulse response function analysis reveals that the shock of Internet search volume generally increases the magnitude of released trading volume, fundamental trading volume and transitory trading volume. The findings of this paper indicate that the movement of Internet search volume helps to estimate trading volume of apartment market. Therefore, the movement of Internet search volume can serve as an early market indicator.

      • KCI등재

        한국의 대(對)인도네시아 수출입 물동량의 결정요인과 한·ASEAN FTA 효과

        김창범 ( Kim Chang-beom ),이민희 ( Lee Min-hee ) 한국해운물류학회(구 한국해운학회) 2016 해운물류연구 Vol.32 No.3

        본고는 한국의 對인도네시아 수출입 물동량의 결정요인에 대한 모형을 구성한 후 이들 변수들이 수출입 물동량에 미치는 영향의 크기와 방향을 파악하였다. 이와 동시에, 한·ASEAN FTA가 한국의 對인도네시아 해상물동량에 미치는 효과를 분석하였다. 장기균형식의 추정결과, 세계경기의 호조와 국제유가의 상승은 수출물동량을 증가시키고 국내경기와 세계상품가격의 상승은 수입물동량을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 국제유가의 경우, 수출물동량에는 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤지만 수입물동량에는 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 다음으로 오차수정모형의 추정결과, 오차수정항이 음(-)의 부호를 가지면서 통계적으로 유의하였으며 수출물동량이 조정속도가 수입물동량보다 훨씬 빠르다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 게다가, 한·ASEAN FTA 효과를 분석한 결과 FTA체결 이후 수출물동량이 수입물동량보다 더 큰 폭으로 증가하였으며, 2013년부터 2014년 기간에는 수출물동량과 수입물동량이 각각 큰 폭으로 증가폭이 둔화되고 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. Economic cooperation between Korea and Indonesia was established on the basis of the effectiveness of Korea-ASEAN FTA in 2007. The ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), launched in 2015 and comprising 10 ASEAN countries, offered an opportunity to expand the cooperation in economy, trade, and logistics. Indonesia has occupied an important position in terms of trade and investments of Korea. Among the ASEAN countries, Indonesia is the 9th export market of Korea as of 2014 (USD 113.6 billion), and the investment scale of Korea in Indonesia has reached 7th place (USD1.13 billion). Particularly, as the Indonesian government is planning the construction and expansion of regional infrastructure for development in the ocean industry, it will serve as an opportunity for Korean companies in terms of investments. Among the ASEAN countries, Indonesia has accounted for 17.8% and 56.7% of the entire export volume and import volume of South Korea as of 2014, respectively. In 2014, the export volume and import volume stood at 9.72 million ton(R/T) and 51.33 million ton(R/T), respectively. However, the annual import and export volume growth is slow. In addition, in 2014, the largest export volume from the ports of Korea to Indonesia were mineral fuels (55.0%), followed by steel products (19.0%) and petrochemical products (6.6%). The largest imports were mineral fuels (90.7%), followed by agricultural products (3.7%) and paper stock/paper products (1.5%). Thus, Indonesia is very important in terms of trade and volume. Despite its importance, the empirical research on Korea’s logistics for Indonesia is insufficient. In such a context, this paper aims to identify the determinants of Korea’s import and export trade volume for Indonesia and analyze the effects of Korea-ASEAN FTA on the country’s seaborne trading volume for Indonesia. The empirical results are as follows. First, the result suggests that a 10% increase in global economy activity (GEA) and the world petroleum price (WPP) increase the export trade volume by 26.6% and 4.70% respectively. This result emphasizes the important role of GEA in increasing export trade volume to Indonesia in Korea. The relative real effective exchange rates (REER) variable has negative and significant impact on export trade volume, where a 10% increase in the REER decreases export trade volume by 15.8%. Second, the result suggests that a 10% increase in Korean economy activity (KEA) increase the import trade volume by 16.7%. The WCP variable has positive and significant impact on import trade volume, where a 10% increase in the WCP increases import trade volume by 2.56%. Whereas, the world petroleum price (WPP) variable has negative and significant impact on import trade volume, where a 10% increase in the WPP decreases import trade volume by 1.22%. Moreover, in absolute terms, the FTA analysis result indicates the export volume was larger than import volume after the FTA and the growth rate of both imports and exports significantly reduced between 2013 and 2014.

      • KCI등재

        환율의 컨테이너 수입 물동량에 대한 비대칭적 영향에 관한 연구

        임상수 한국해양수산개발원 2015 해양정책연구 Vol.30 No.2

        This study is interested in the asymmetry in the effect of the won-dollar exchange rate on the container import volume in Korea. At first, this paper found out the container import volume and the exchange rate which are time series data have unit roots and the cointegration relationship. This means that there is the long run relationship between the container import volume and the exchange rate. So the ECM(Error Correction Model) was used to estimate the function of the container import volume. And GARCH(Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity) model should be used because the variance of the error term is varying with time according to the result of the estimation of the container import volume function. In this paper, the asymmetry in the effect of the exchange rate on the container import volume is tested. ECM-GARCH Model was used to test the asymmetry. There are some several meaningful results. Firstly, the response of the import volume by the increase of the exchange rate is the same as the response of the import volume by the decrease of the exchange. It means that the effect of the exchange rate on the container import volume is symmetric. Secondly, the exchange rate at the period t-1 has the significant effect on the container volume at the period t when the exchange rate is increasing, but the exchange rate at the period t has the significant effect on the container volume at the period t when the exchange rate is decreasing. Lastly, the container import volume adjusts to long-run equilibrium level at the bad news but it does not adjust to long-rum equilibrium level at the good news. 본 연구는 원/달러 환율이 컨테이너 수입 물동량에 미치는 영향에 대한 비대칭성을 검정하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 먼저, 본 연구는 컨테이너 수입 물동량과 원/달러 환율 시계열 데이터는 모두 단위근을 가지고 있어 공적분 검정을 수행한 결과, 공적분 관계에 있다는 사실을 밝혔다. 이는 컨테이너 수입 물동량과 환율 사이에 장기 균형 관계에 있다는 것을 의미하며, 이 때문에 컨테이너 수입 물동량 함수를 추정하기 위해서는 오차수정모형(ECM: Error Correction Model)을 설정해야한다. .또한 오차수정모형 추정 결과 추정 오차항은 시간에 따라 변하기 때문에, 일반화된 조건부 자기 회귀 모형으로 추정되어야 할 필요성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 다음으로 이렇게 설정된 ECM-GARCH 모형으로 컨테이너 수입 물동량 함수를 추정한 결과를 바탕으로 컨테이너 수입 물동량에 대한 원/달러 환율 영향의 비대칭성을 검정했다. 그 결과 몇가지 의미있는 사실을 알 수 있었다. 먼저, 원/달러 환율의 상승에 의한 컨테이너 수입 물동량의 반응은 원/달러 환율의 하락에 의한 반응과 같았다. 이것은 원/달러 환율이 컨테이너 수입 물동량에 미치는 영향은 상승기와 하락기 대칭적이라는 것을 의미한다. 두번째로, 환율 상승기에는 t-1기 원달러 환율이 t기 컨테이너 수입 물동량에 미치는 영향은 통계적으로 유의한 반면, 환율 하락기에는 t기 원/달러 환율이 t기 컨테이너 수입 물동량에 미치는 영향이 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 컨테이서 수입 물동량은 악재에 대해서는 장기 균형으로 회복하려는 경향이 있었지만, 호재에 대해서는 장기 균형을 회복하려는 경향이 없는 것으로 나타났다.

      • KCI등재

        전립선암의 방사선치료시 방광 부피가 비뇨기계 부작용에 미치는 영향

        이지혜(Jihae Lee),서현숙(HyunSuk Suh),이경자(Kyung-ja Lee),이레나(Rena Lee),김명수(Myungsoo Kim) 대한방사선종양학회 2008 대한방사선종양학회지 Vol.26 No.4

        목 적: 국소적 전립선암에 대한 근치적 목적의 방사선치료시 3차원 입체조형방사선치료(3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, 3DCRT) 또는 세기조절방사선치료(intensity modulated radiotherapy, IMRT)를 시행하면 직장의 부작 용이 현저히 감소하지만 비뇨기계 부작용의 발생률은 감소하지 않는다. 방사선 치료로 인한 급성 비뇨기계 부작용 은 환자의 삶의 질을 저하시킬 뿐 아니라 만성 비뇨기계 부작용의 발생을 증가시킨다. 따라서 비뇨기계 부작용을 줄이기 위해 방광을 채운 상태에서 방사선치료를 하는 방법이 제안되었는데 이 경우 방사선 조사야에 포함되는 방 광의 면적이 줄어들어 부작용이 감소한다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 전립선암의 방사선치료시 방광의 부피가 급성 비뇨기계 부작용에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 전립선암으로 근치적 목적의 방사선치료를 받은 환자 42명을 대상으로 하였으며 대조군과 실험군이 각각 21명씩 포함되었다. 대조군은 본 연구가 계획되기 전에 방광 조절을 하지 않고 방사선치료를 시행 받은 환자 중 무작위로 추출하였고, 실험군은 치료 1시간 전 450 ml의 물을 마셔 방광을 채운 상태에서 방사선치료를 받은 환자들이었다. 모의치료시 설계용 CT와 초음파를 이용하여 방광의 부피를 측정하였고, 실험군에서는 방사선 치료 기간 동안 초음파로 매주 방광의 부피를 측정하였다. 결 과: 모의치료시 초음파로 측정한 방광의 부피와 CT로 측정한 방광의 부피는 유의한 상관성을 보여(r=0.679) 방광 부피를 측정하는 데 있어 초음파의 정확성을 확인하였다. 실험군에서 같은 양의 물을 마셔도 방광의 부피는 환자에 따라 차이가 컸고(범위 22∼352 ml), 방사선치료 기간 동안 방광의 부피는 일정하게 유지되지 않았다. 그러나 모의치료시 방광의 부피가 컸던 환자는 치료기간 중에도 방광의 부피가 큰 경향을 보였다. 실험군의 방광 부피는 평균 299±155 mL이었고 대조군은 평균 187±155 ml로, 일정량의 물을 마시면 방광 조절을 하지 않았을 때보다 방광 부피가 유의하게 증가하였고(p=0.009), 실험군에서 급성 비뇨기계 부작용이 대조군보다 감소하였지만 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 또한 방광의 부피가 클수록 부작용이 감소하는 경향을 보였고, 모의치료시 CT로 측정한 방광의 부피가 150 ml 이상이면 1등급과 2등급의 비뇨기계 부작용이 현저히 감소하였다(p=0.023). 치료 기간 중의 방광 부피에 따른 부작용 발생률은 통계적으로 유의한 변화를 보이지 않았으나 방광의 부피가 클수록 1등급 부작용이 감소하는 경향을 보였고, 100 ml 이상인 경우에는 모든 등급의 부작용이 감소하는 경향을 보였다.결 론: 방광을 채우고 방사선치료를 할 때 치료 기간 중 방광의 부피가 일정하게 유지되지 않았음에도 불구하고 방광 조절을 하지 않았을 때보다 비뇨기계 급성 부작용이 감소하는 경향을 보였고, 모의치료시 방광 부피가 150mL 이상인 경우 부작용은 현저히 감소하였다. 따라서 전립선암 환자에서 방사선치료를 할 때 방광을 채우는 것이 급성 비뇨기계 부작용을 줄이는 데 도움이 될 것으로 생각한다. Purpose: Three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT) and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) were found to reduce the incidence of acute and late rectal toxicity compared with conventional radiation therapy (RT), although acute and late urinary toxicities were not reduced significantly. Acute urinary toxicity, even at a low-grade, not only has an impact on a patient’s quality of life, but also can be used as a predictor for chronic urinary toxicity. With bladder filling, part of the bladder moves away from the adiation field, resulting in a small irradiated bladder volume; hence, urinary toxicity can be decreased. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of bladder volume on acute urinary toxicity during RT in patients with prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: Forty two patients diagnosed with prostate cancer were treated by 3DCRT and of these, 21 patients made up a control group treated without any instruction to control the bladder volume. The remaining 21 patients in the experimental group were treated with a full bladder after drinking 450 mL of water an hour before treatment. We measured the bladder volume by CT and ultrasound at simulation to validate the accuracy of ultrasound. During the treatment period, we measured bladder volume weekly by ultrasound, for the experimental group, to evaluate the variation of the bladder volume. Results: A significant correlation between the bladder volume measured by CT and ultrasound was observed. The bladder volume in the experimental group varied with each patient despite drinking the same amount of water. Although weekly variations of the bladder volume were very high, larger initial CT volumes were associated with larger mean weekly bladder volumes. The mean bladder volume was 299±155 mL in the experimental group, as opposed to 187±155 mL in the control group. Patients in experimental group experienced less acute urinary toxicities than in control group, but the difference was not statistically significant. A trend of reduced toxicity was observed with the increase of CT bladder volume. In patients with bladder volumes greater than 150 mL at simulation, toxicity rates of all grades were significantly lower than in patients with bladder volume less than 150 mL. Also, patients with a mean bladder volume larger than 100 mL during treatment showed a slightly reduced Grade 1 urinary toxicity rate compared to patients with a mean bladder volume smaller than 100 mL. Conclusion: Despite the large variability in bladder volume during the treatment period, treating patients with a full bladder reduced acute urinary toxicities in patients with prostate cancer. We recommend that patients with prostate cancer undergo treatment with a full bladder.

      • KCI등재후보

        주택시장 소비심리지수와 주택 거래량 간의 관계 : 본질적 요소와 일시적 요소를 중심으로

        유한수(Yoo, Han-Soo) 한국부동산정책학회 2018 不動産政策硏究 Vol.19 No.2

        This objective of this paper investigates empirically the relationship between Consumer Sentiment Index of housing market(hereafter CSI) and trading volume of housing. Consumer sentiment survey information means expectations of market participants. Previous studies on this area explored only the relationship between the observed CSI and trading volume. However, this study investigates the relationship between CSI and the fundamental component of trading volume, and the relationship between CSI and the transitory component of trading volume. The fundamental component and the transitory component of trading volume are estimated by state-space model. The first step of this empirical analysis is to decompose observed trading volume into fundamental component and transitory component. The second step is to implement ADF unit root test and Johansen cointegration test. The third step is to carry out Granger causality test to explore the relationship between CSI and trading volume. The Granger causality test results show that there is unidirectional Granger causality from CSI to observed trading volume, to the fundamental component of trading volume, and to the transitory component of trading volume. And the impulse response function analyses reveal that the shock of CSI increases observed trading volume, the fundamental component of trading volume, and the transitory component of trading volume. In sum, the empirical evidence of this paper means that CSI and trading volume behave similarly. Therefore, analyzing the CSI and trading volume is crucial for policy-making and stability management of housing market.

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