스토리 기반의 정보 검색 연구

유은순(Eun-Soon You),박승보(Seung-Bo Park) 한국지능정보시스템학회 2013 지능정보연구 Vol.19 No.4

Video information retrieval has become a very important issue because of the explosive increase in video data from Web content development. Meanwhile, content-based video analysis using visual features has been the main source for video information retrieval and browsing. Content in video can be represented with content-based analysis techniques, which can extract various features from audio-visual data such as frames, shots, colors, texture, or shape. Moreover, similarity between videos can be measured through content-based analysis. However, a movie that is one of typical types of video data is organized by story as well as audio-visual data. This causes a semantic gap between significant information recognized by people and information resulting from content-based analysis, when content-based video analysis using only audio-visual data of low level is applied to information retrieval of movie. The reason for this semantic gap is that the story line for a movie is high level information, with relationships in the content that changes as the movie progresses. Information retrieval related to the story line of a movie cannot be executed by only content-based analysis techniques. A formal model is needed, which can determine relationships among movie contents, or track meaning changes, in order to accurately retrieve the story information. Recently, story-based video analysis techniques have emerged using a social network concept for story information retrieval. These approaches represent a story by using the relationships between characters in a movie, but these approaches have problems. First, they do not express dynamic changes in relationships between characters according to story development. Second, they miss profound information, such as emotions indicating the identities and psychological states of the characters. Emotion is essential to understanding a character’s motivation, conflict, and resolution. Third, they do not take account of events and background that contribute to the story. As a result, this paper reviews the importance and weaknesses of previous video analysis methods ranging from content-based approaches to story analysis based on social network. Also, we suggest necessary elements, such as character, background, and events, based on narrative structures introduced in the literature. We extract characters’ emotional words from the script of the movie Pretty Woman by using the hierarchical attribute of WordNet, which is an extensive English thesaurus. WordNet offers relationships between words (e.g., synonyms, hypernyms, hyponyms, antonyms). We present a method to visualize the emotional pattern of a character over time. Second, a character’s inner nature must be predetermined in order to model a character arc that can depict the character’s growth and development. To this end, we analyze the amount of the characters dialogue in the script and track the character’s inner nature using social network concepts, such as in-degree (incoming links) and out-degree (outgoing links). Additionally, we propose a method that can track a character’s inner nature by tracing indices such as degree, in-degree, and out-degree of the character network in a movie through its progression. Finally, the spatial background where characters meet and where events take place is an important element in the story. We take advantage of the movie script to extracting significant spatial background and suggest a scene map describing spatial arrangements and distances in the movie. Important places where main characters first meet or where they stay during long periods of time can be extracted through this scene map. In view of the aforementioned three elements (character, event, background), we extract a variety of information related to the story and evaluate the performance of the proposed method. We can track story information extracted over time and detect a change in the character’s emotion or inner nature, spatial movement,

DDD(Dance for Dementia Disease) Learning 동영상 콘텐츠 개발을 위한 유튜브 치매 관련 국내외 무용/움직임 동영상 내용분석

홍미성 ( Misung Hong ),정지해 ( Jihae Jeong ) 한국무용과학회 2022 한국무용과학회지 Vol.39 No.4

이 연구의 목적은 DDD(Dance for Dementia Disease) Learning 동영상 콘텐츠 개발을 위해 유튜브 업로드된 치매관련 국내외 무용/움직임 동영상 중 20개를 선정, 내용분석을 통해 치매 환자를 위한 무용/움직임프로그램을 위한 구성요소를 도출하는 것이다. 이를 위해 데이터 수집은 치매운동, 치매체조, 치매댄스, 치매예방 운동, 치매예방 체조, 치매예방 댄스, Alzheimer dance, Alzheimer exercise, Dementia dance, Dementia exercise를 키워드로 해서 검색된 동영상 중 조회 수와 구독자 수가 가장 많은 20개의 동영상 콘텐츠를 선정했다. 더불어 Youtube data API,‘썸트렌드’에서 데이터를 추가로 수집하였고 수집한 정보의 통계분석은 판다스(Pandas) 라이브러리, Seaborn 라이브러리, 워드클라우드 라이브러리를 활용하였으며 동영상에 대한 내용분석은 빈도분석으로 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째. 최근 4년 동안의 치매, 재활운동, 홈트레이닝과 관련된 동영상 콘텐츠 현황을 분석한 결과는 치매 관련 동영상은 홈트레이닝에 비해서 1/8수준, 재활운동 관련 동영상과는 비슷하며, ‘조회 수’는 국내에 비해 해외 동영상이 약 1.7배 정도 많고, ‘댓글 수’‘좋아요 수’도 해외 동영상이 훨씬 많게, ‘동영상 시간’은 해외 동영상이 더 길게 나타났다. ‘제목에서 사용된 키워드’는 치매, 체조, 예방, 운동, 건강, 센터, 실버, 체육회, 노래, 의정부시 순으로 ‘댓글에서 사용된 키워드’는 체조, 운동, 치매, 동영상, 예방, 솔로몬, 어르신, 선생님, 도움, 응원 순으로 나타났다. 둘째, 국내외 각 10개의 동영상별 특징을 분석한 결과 운동 형태는 ‘의자에 앉아서 하는 운동’이 60%로, 동영상 종류로는 Exercise, 체조, Dance 순으로, 동영상 촬영 대상은‘지도자가 설명하면서 하는 운동 방식’이 가장 높고, 소도구 사용 여부는‘소도구를 사용하지 않은 영상이 60%, 업로드 날짜는 5년 이상(50%), 러닝타임은 10∼20분 미만, 5∼10분 미만, 1∼5분 미만 순으로 나타났다. 셋째, 20개의 동영상의 동작을 분석한 결과 호흡운동 2개, 하체관절 가동범위 운동 22개, 상체관절 가동범위 운동 3개, 유산소운동 9개, 상체 저항운동 및 균형운동 3개, 하체 저항운동 및 균형운동 6개, 뇌활성화 힘뇌체조 5개, 리듬댄스 2개 등 52개의 동작을 추출하였다. The purpose of this study is to select 20 videos among domestic and foreign dance/movement videos related to dementia on YouTube and, through their content analysis, derive components for a dance/movement program for dementia patients for the development of DDD (Dance for Dementia Disease) Learning video content. For this purpose, Metadata was collected from the top 20 videos with the highest number of views and subscribers among videos that can be searched with keywords such as dementia exercise, dementia gymnastics, dementia dance, dementia prevention exercise, dementia prevention gymnastics, dementia prevention dance, Alzheimer dance, Alzheimer exercise, Dementia dance, and Dementia exercise and additional data were collected in Youtube data API and Some Trend. The statistical analysis of the collected information was performed using the Pandas library, Seaborn library, and Word Cloud library, and frequency analysis was performed in order to analyze the selected 20 videos, and the results are as follows. First. As a result of analyzing the current status of video contents related to dementia, rehabilitation exercise, and home training for the past 4 years, dementia-related videos are very small at 1/8 level compared to home training, but they are similar to videos related to re habilitation exercise. The number of 'views' of foreign videos is about 1.7 times higher than that of domestic videos. The average number of 'comments' and the number of likes was much higher in overseas videos, and for 'video time', overseas videos were longer. The order of 'Keywords used in the title' are dementia, gymnastics, prevention, exercise, health, center, silver, athletics club, song, and Uijeongbu City. The order of 'Keywords used in comments' are gymnastics, exercise, dementia, video, prevention, Solomon, elderly, teachers, help, and cheering. Second, as a result of analyzing the characteristics of each of the 10 videos at home and abroad, 60% of the exercise form was 'exercise while sitting on a chair', the order of type of video was Exercise, Gymnastics, and Dance and 'exercise while the leader explains’ was the highest among the target of the video. 60% of videos was videos without props, uploaded period was more than 5 years (50%), running time was less than 10-20 minutes, less than 5-10 minutes, less than 1-5 minutes appeared in the order. Third, as a result of analyzing the movements of 20 videos, 52 movements were extracted, including 2 breathing exercises, 22 lower joint range exercises, 3 upper body range exercises, 9 aerobic exercises, 3 upper body resistance and balance exercises, 6 lower body resistance exercises, 5 brain activation force brain exercises, and 2 rhythm dances.

UCC 영상 콘텐츠 공모전 수요자 이해분석을 통한 공모지침 개선방안 연구

하승용(Ha, Seungyong) 동국대학교 영상문화콘텐츠연구원 2021 영상문화콘텐츠연구 Vol.23 No.-

본 연구는 UCC 영상 콘텐츠 공모전 수요자의 이해분석을 통한 UCC 영상 콘텐츠 공모전의 공모지침 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다. 공모전 사이트를 통해 2020년 한 해 동안 국내에서 진행된 영상 콘텐츠 공모전 현황을 파악하고, 영상 전공 대학생 집단 및 비전공 대학생 집단을 대상으로 UCC 영상 콘텐츠 공모전을 제작하였으며 UCC 영상콘텐츠에 대한 이해도를 조사하였다. 그 결과, 공모 기간은 공모 주최기관의 상황 및 일정에 따라 다르게 나타났으며 영상 길이에 따라서도 달라져야 한다. 영상길이에 따른 공모기간 설정은 수요자에게 질 높은 UCC 영상 콘텐츠를 제작할 수 있는 기회를 제공할 것이다. 또한 학년제 기준으로 초·중·고·대학생 및 일반인으로 연령을 구분하고 제한 경쟁방식 공모전을 시행하는 타 분야의 공모전처럼 전공자 집단과 비전공자 집단의 공모자격 분류하여 제시한다면 수요자의 참여도가 높아질 것으로 판단된다. 마지막으로 UCC 영상 콘텐츠의 이해 및 공모 참여 확대를 위해 영상 제작 교육이 필요시 되며 이는 공모전 경쟁력을 높이며 공모기획 및 취지를 널리 알릴 수 있을 것이다. 이처럼 다수의 기관 및 단체에서 일관된 공모지침을 동일하게 적용할 수 는 없으나 공모전 시행담당자가 본 연구에 대한 공감과 수용적 자세가 전제된다면 보다 나은 공모지침으로 영상 콘텐츠 공모전의 기대효과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. This study aims to present measures to improve the competition guidelines for UCC video content contest through analysis of the interests of the UCC video content contest consumers. Through the competition site, the status of the video content contest held in Korea in 2020, the UCC video content contest was produced for the video college student group and the non-major college student group, and the understanding of UCC video contents was investigated. As a result, the duration of the contest was different depending on the situation and schedule of the host organization of the contest and should also vary depending on the length of the video. Setting a public offering period according to video length will provide consumers with the opportunity to produce high-quality UCC video content. In addition, consumers" participation is expected to increase if they classify and present qualifications for competition among major and non-major groups, such as contests in other fields that distinguish ages by elementary, middle, high, and university students and the general public. Finally, video production training is needed to understand UCC video content and expand participation in the contest, which will increase the competitiveness of the contest and promote the plan and purpose of the contest. Although consistent public offering guidelines cannot be applied equally by many institutions and organizations, it is believed that if the competition"s implementers sympathize and acceptable attitude with this study, better public offering guidelines will achieve the expected effect of the video content contest.

A Flow Analysis Framework for Traffic Video

Bai, Lu-Shuang,Xia, Ying,Lee, Sang-Chul Korea Spatial Information System Society 2009 한국공간정보시스템학회 논문지 Vol.11 No.2

The fast progress on multimedia data acquisition technologies has enabled collecting vast amount of videos in real time. Although the amount of information gathered from these videos could be high in terms of quantity and quality, the use of the collected data is very limited typically by human-centric monitoring systems. In this paper, we propose a framework for analyzing long traffic video using series of content-based analyses tools. Our framework suggests a method to integrate theses analyses tools to extract highly informative features specific to a traffic video analysis. Our analytical framework provides (1) re-sampling tools for efficient and precise analysis, (2) foreground extraction methods for unbiased traffic flow analysis, (3) frame property analyses tools using variety of frame characteristics including brightness, entropy, Harris corners, and variance of traffic flow, and (4) a visualization tool that summarizes the entire video sequence and automatically highlight a collection of frames based on some metrics defined by semi-automated or fully automated techniques. Based on the proposed framework, we developed an automated traffic flow analysis system, and in our experiments, we show results from two example traffic videos taken from different monitoring angles.

Research on Effective Field Lines Detection and Tracking Algorithm in Soccer Videos

Shouzhong Zhang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.10 No.7

A novel field line detection method is proposed based on the directional information of field line. First, the special character of modern soccer playfield is considered, and a novel soccer field model is introduced which includes offside assistant lines. By designing a directional filter, these field lines can be accurately detected. Moreover, the field line detection and tracking for a clip is developed, which can further improve the performance of field line detection. In this paper, we integrate the basic theories of multimedia analysis, pattern recognition and computer vision into content analysis for sports video analysis. Through exploring several components such as object detection, camera calibration and tactic analysis, a systematical system is built up. The proposed algorithms can be not only used for soccer video analysis but also used for other sports video analysis. It provides a promising method for general multimedia analysis.

숏폼 비디오 플랫폼 속 브랜드 관련 사용자 제작 콘텐츠(UGC)에 관한 연구 : 틱톡 내 스트리트 패션 브랜드에 대한 내용분석

유자원(Liu Ziyuan),최동원(Choi Dongwon) 한국OOH광고학회 2022 OOH광고학연구 Vol.19 No.2

숏폼 비디오 콘텐츠가 디지털 미디어를 중심으로 빠르게 확산되며 콘텐츠 시장의 주류로 자리 잡아가고 있다. 본 연구는 대표적인 숏폼 플랫폼 중 하나인 틱톡에서 사용자들이 자발적으로 생산하는 브랜드 관련 콘텐츠의 특성과 이에 대한 소비자 반응을 살펴보고자 하였다. 구체적으로 본 연구는 10개의 주요 스트리트 패션 브랜드에 대한 사용자 제작 콘텐츠(UGC)를 분석대상으로 선정하여 이들 콘텐츠의 내용적 특성과 그에 따른 소비자 반응을 파악하기 위한 내용분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 스트리트 패션 브랜드 관련 UGC에서 ‘댄스’와 ‘언박싱’ 유형의 콘텐츠가 빈번하게 나타났으며 인플루언서 계정보다 일반인 계정에 의한 업로드가 더욱 많았다. 또한 영상 속에 남성보다 여성이 더 많이 등장하는 것으로 나타났다. 콘텐츠 내 브랜드 노출은 두드러진 배치, 시각적 양식 중심, 단독 브랜드 노출 등이 주요 전략으로 활용되었다. 또한 다양한 콘텐츠의 특성에 따라 소비자 반응에 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 소비자들에게 긍정적인 반응을 얻은 브랜드 관련 숏폼 비디오 콘텐츠들의 특성을 파악하고 실무적 의견을 제시하였다. The purpose of this study is to examine the overall characteristics of brand-related content produced by users on TikTok, one of the platforms where the production and sharing of short-form video content is actively taking place. Short-form content has established itself as the mainstream of the content market based on the spread of efficient media consumption trends. At the same time, it is gaining more and more attention as an efficient tool for brand communications. Therefore, this study selected user-generated content (UGC) related to 10 major street fashion brands, and conducted content analysis for the purpose of understanding the characteristics of the contents and the consumer responses to them. As a result, dance and unboxing types of content appeared frequently in brand-related UGC. There were more uploads by general accounts than by influencer accounts. Also, there were more women than men in the video. The main strategies for brand exposure in content include prominent placement, focus on visual form, and exclusive brand exposure. Also, the characteristics of various contents led to significant differences in consumer responses. Based on the results, the characteristics of brand-related short-form video contents that received positive responses were identified, and practical implications were discussed.

아동 대상 동영상 내용분석 연구 동향

김은경 한국아동학회 2024 아동학회지 Vol.45 No.3

Objectives: This study examined the research trends in children’s video content analyses in south Korea. Methods: This study investigated 83 articles published in Korea between 1989 and 2023 that included content analysis of children’s video. This study identified research trends by examining publication patterns over time, characteristics of the analyzed videos, and research methodologies employed. Frequencies and percentages were used to analyze the data. Results: The results indicated a quantitative increase in research output since the 2000-2009 period, with publications extending beyond the field of education to include areas such as journalism and imaging. Most studies analyzed videos recommended for all ages or preschool children, primarily focusing on animation, with varying numbers of videos analyzed. Additionally, many studies selected themes as the unit of analysis, employed quantitative and deductive research approaches, and often did not present of inter-coder reliability measure. Conclusion: Based on the findings, this study recommends future research focus on videos targeting infants and elementary school students, who have been underrepresented in existing studies, and investigate video types beyond animation. Additionally, including inter-coder reliability is recommended to enhance the methodological rigor of content analysis studies. Incorporating these suggestions could lead to more comprehensive results and a more robust use of analytical methods in the field of children’s video content analysis. This study aims to enhance future researchers’ understanding of children’s video content analysis and to inspire further research in this field.

유튜브(YouTube) 영상 콘텐츠 분석: 국내 무용 영상을 중심으로

채수정,서지혜 한국지능정보시스템학회 2023 지능정보연구 Vol.29 No.4

스마트폰의 대중화와 인터넷 기술의 발달은 사람들이 콘텐츠를 소비하는 방식을 크게 바꾸었다. 최근 우리가 가장 많이 소비하는 콘텐츠는 단연 동영상이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 영상 콘텐츠 분석을 통해 글로벌 동영상 공유 플랫폼 유튜브에 어떤 영상들이 제작되고 소비되는지를 분석하는 것을 목표로 한다. 연구에서는 다양한 영상 주제 중 무용을 주제로 선정하고 데이터를 수집하였다. 2019년부터 2021년까지 총 3년간 유튜브에 업로드된 영상 중 무용이라는 키워드와 관련된 영상에 대한 정보를 수집하였고 분석 결과 현재 유튜브에 많이 업로드되는 무용 영상의 종류와 높은 조회수를 보이는 무용 영상에 차이가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 실증 분석에 따르면 사람들이 주로 관심을 갖는 무용 영상은 브이로그처럼 무용 전공자들의 일상을 엿볼 수 있거나, 입시 따라하기나 초중고교 무용발표회처럼 영상 시청의 목적성이 분명한 경우였다. 특히 높은 조회수를 보이는 브이로그는 현직 전문 무용수보다는 무용과에 재학 중인 대학생이나 중고등 학생이 제작한 경우가 많았다. 본 연구에서는 무용이라는 주제를 예시로 삼았지만 연구에 사용된 방법론은 다른 주제에도 사용가능하며 이를 통해 콘텐츠 생산자 입장의 추천 시스템을 개발할 수 있을 것이라 기대한다. The widespread adoption of smartphones and advancements in internet technology have notably shifted content consumption habits toward video. This research aims to dissect the nature of videos posted on YouTube, the global video-sharing platform, to understand the characteristics of both produced and preferred content. For this study, dance was chosen as a specific subject from a variety of video categories. Data on YouTube videos associated with the term “dance” was compiled over three years, from 2019 to 2021. The investigation revealed a clear distinction between the types of dance videos frequently uploaded to YouTube and those that receive a high number of views. The empirical analysis of this study indicates a viewer preference for vlogs that provide insights into the daily lives of dance students, as well as for purpose-driven videos, such as those highlighting dance exam preparations or school dance events. Notably, the vlogs that attract the most attention are typically created by dance students at the college or secondary school level, rather than by professionals. Although the study was focused on dance, its methodologies can be applied to different subjects. These insights are expected to contribute to the development of a recommendation system that aids content creators in effectively targeting their productions.

콘텐츠 분석을 통한 중국 숏폼 동영상 APP의 비교 분석 연구 -TikTok과 콰이쇼우를 중심으로-

왕진량(Wang Jin-Liang),박성호(Park, Seong-Ho) 한국만화애니메이션학회 2022 만화애니메이션연구 Vol.- No.66

본 연구는 중국 숏폼 동영상 APP TikTok과 콰이쇼우(快手)를 중심으로 콘텐츠 분석을 진행하며, 이를 위해 먼저 숏폼 동영상 연구를 플랫폼와 콘텐츠의 두 가지 측면으로 나누었다. 구체적으로 본 연구는 2018년-2020년의 TikTok과 콰이쇼우에서 가장 큰 인기를 얻은 TOP50 숏폼 동영상을 선정한 후 이를 정리하여 TOP50 숏폼 동영상의 유저 계정이 총 265개(TikTok 계정 137개, 콰이쇼우 계정 128개) 존재한다는 사실을 확인하고, 이를 연구 대상으로 하였다. 그리고 이를 토대로 분석 대상을 플랫폼 측면(플랫폼 형태, 플랫폼 가치관과 플랫폼 전송 메커니즘)과 콘텐츠 측면(콘텐츠 핵심 주제, 창작자 유형, 콘텐츠 생산 모델)으로 나누었다. 연구 결과 플랫폼 측면에서 세로 화면의 숏폼 동영상이 여전히 TikTok과 콰이쇼우 플랫폼의 주도적 포맷이고, TikTok은 ‘아름다운 생활에 대한 기록’의 주제와 취미 측면의 숏폼 동영상에 집중되어 있으며, 이는 스타 또는 온라인 스타 형성에 더욱 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 콰이쇼우는 ‘공평, 보편적 혜택’의 숏폼 동영상과 소셜 숏폼 동영상에 상대적으로 더욱 집중되어 있으며, 콰이쇼우는 일반인에 더욱 큰 관심과 일반인의 자아 표현 과정을 강조하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 콘텐츠 측면에서 TikTok의 핵심 주제는 미녀/훈남, 음악 등이 중심이고, 콰이쇼우의 핵심 주제는 유머, 미녀/훈남 등이며, UGC 유형과 PUGC 유형의 콘텐츠 생산 모델은 TikTok과 콰이쇼우에서 비율이 가장 높은 콘텐츠 생산 모델로 나타났다. 이 연구 결과는 숏폼 동영상 창작자에게 더욱 정확하게 자체 상황과 유저 집단 파악에 도움을 제공하여 더 많은 유저의 관심을 이끌어 팔로워를 확대할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 광고의 정확한 투입과 라이브방송 판매에서 유저의 포지션 상황 파악에 도움을 줄 수 있다. in this study, the Chinese short video APPs “TikTok” and “Kwai Shou” are set as examples based on content analysis. Firstly, in this study, two levels in the research on short video are identified: product level and content level. Secondly, the most popular annual Top 50 short videos of TikTok and Kwai Shou from 2018 to 2020 are analyzed here. In total, 265 user accounts (including 137 TikTok accounts and 128 Kwai Shou accounts)won the annual TOP50 short videos, and they are set as the research objects. Then, in this study, the analysis is conducted from product level (product form, product values, and product distribution mechanism) and content level (content core theme, type of creator, and content production mode). The analysis result shows that at the product level, vertical screen of short videos still serves as the dominant short video format in TikTok and Kwai Shou platforms. TikTok focuses on short videos that “record beautiful life” and interest-related short videos, through which stars and internet influencers are made. Kwai Shou focuses on “fair and inclusive” short videos, as well as social short videos. In addition, it tends to record ordinary people’s life, and emphasize their self-expression. At the content level, TikTok focuses on the core themes of beautiful women/handsome men and music, while Kwai Shou tends to record the core themes of humor, beautiful women/handsome men. Additionally, UGC(User Generated Content) and PUGC (Professional Generated Content + User Generated Content) content production mode serves as the most important content production mode in TikTok and Kwai Shou platforms. Then, the above study helps short video creators have a clearer understanding of themselves and user groups, attract more visitors and fans, and know the precise placement of advertising and user targets of livestreaming-based marketing.

대학에서 실시간 영상 기반 및 음성 기반 소프트웨어의 교육적 효과 비교 분석

손진영(Jinyoung Son),정혜원(Hyewon Jeong),이지은(Jieun Lee),주은경(Eungyung Ju),임걸(Keol Lim) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2022 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.22 No.2

목적 본 연구에서는 영상 기반 소프트웨어와 음성 기반 소프트웨어의 교육적 효과를 비교하기 위해 실시간 쌍방향 토의 수업을 진행하여 토의 환경에서의 의사소통 유형 요소를 살펴보고, 소프트웨어 유형별 교육적 효과를 비교하여 대학에서의 실시간 쌍방향 토의수업 설계의 시사점을 도출하여 상호작용을 촉진할 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 방법 이를 위해 2021년 1학기 A대학에서 개설한 강좌를 수강하는 학생 38명을 대상으로, 총 7개의 소그룹에 5명 내외의 학생을 임의로 배정하여 네 번에 걸쳐 토의 활동을 진행하였다. 그리고 소그룹별 대화 내용을 분석 범주에 따라 ‘학습내용’, ‘학습지원’, ‘형용적표현’, ‘잡담’으로 구분하여 내용분석을 실시하였다. 결과 연구 결과, 전반적으로 음성 기반 소프트웨어보다 영상 기반 소프트웨어에서 다소 활발하게 토의 활동이 이루어진 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 소프트웨어와 내용분석 범주 간 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났는데 영상 기반 소프트웨어에서는 ‘잡담’이 활발하게 이루어졌고, 음성 기반 소프트웨어에서는 ‘학습지원’이 많이 이루어진 것으로 나타났다. 또한 심층 인터뷰 결과 영상 기반 및 음성 기반 소프트웨어의 교육적 가치를 확인하였다. 결론 이러한 결과를 토대로 대학에서의 실시간 쌍방향 토의 수업 진행 시 교육적 효과를 높이기 위한 수업 설계 방안이 제시되었다. Objectives In this study, we examined the patterns of communication types in synchronous interactive discussion classes. With those examination we analyzed educational effects between two media, video-based and audio-based software, trying to derive implications for synchronous interactive discussion classes design in universities. Methods In order to conduct research objectives, 38 students who took courses at A university in the Spring semester of 2021 were randomly assigned as five students to seven small groups and participated in the learning activities. we divided conversation contents of each small group into ‘learning contents’, ‘learning support’, ‘adjective expression,’ and ‘chatting’. Results Overall, it was proved that discussion was more active in video-based software than audio-based software. ‘Chatting’ was more active in video-based software, and ‘learning support’ was more accomplished in audio-based software. Also we have confirmed the educational value of video-based and audio-based software by in-depth interviews. Conclusions Based on these results, the instructional design plan to enhance educational effectiveness of synchronous interactive discussion classes at universities was proposed.