Vermicomposting에 의한 돈분의 처리 -음식물 쓰레기와의 혼합처리-

이주삼,김만중,Lee Ju-Sam,Kim Man-Jung 한국축산환경학회 2006 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Vermicomposting에 의한 돈 분의 처리를 위하여 음식물 쓰레기와의 혼합비율을 달리 했을 때, 지렁이의 생육, 분립생산량, 분립의 화학적 조성 및 지렁이 체 조직으로 전환율과 전환효율 및 분립의 화학적 조성을 조사하여, 돈 분과 음식물 쓰레기의 정적 혼합비율을 추정 하였다. 돈 분 40% 이하의 혼합비율(음식물쓰레기 60-100%)에서는 지렁이의 생존율이 인정되지 않았지만, 돈 분 60-100% 혼합비율의 생존율은 72.7-100%의 범위를 나타내어 매우 높았다. 분립생산량과 분립비율은 돈 분 100% 수준이 80% 수준보다 유의하게 높았지만, 60% 수준과는 유의한 차이가 인정되지 않았다. 지렁이 분립의 유효인산과 양이온 치환용량과 치환성 칼륨과 마그네슘은 모든 혼합비율에서 높았다. 지렁이에 의한 유기물의 무기화 율은 돈 분 100%와 80%의 수준에서 유의하게 높았고, 전환효율(CE)은 돈 분 60% 혼합비율에서 유의하게 높았다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, vermicomposting에 의한 돈 분의 처리를 위해서는 음식물쓰레기와의 혼합비율을 40% 이하(돈 분 60% 이상)로 혼합하는 것이 유리하였다. The effects of the mixture ratios of swine manure and food wastes when vermicomposed on earthworm(Eisenia foefida) growth, the production amounts and the chemical properties of casts for plant growth media were evaluated to optimal mixture ratio. Earthworms were grown in swine manure, substituted with 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 50% and 100% food wastes. All of earthworm grown in swine manure substituted with 60%, 80%, and 100% food wastes died, therefore the process of swine manure substituted with 60%, 80%, and 100% food wastes by vermicomposting were impossible in this experiment. Worm cast produced from swine manure substituted with 0%, 20% and 40% food wastes after vermicomposting sufficiently contained required quantities of available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, exchangeable magnesium, and cation exchange capacity. The survival rates of earthworm in swine manure substituted with 0% and 40% food wastes was significantly higher than those in swine manure substituted with 20%, 40% food wastes. Casts weight and proportion of casts weight in 100% swine manure were significantly higher than those in swine manure substituted with 20% food wastes, but was no significant difference between those in swine manure substituted with 40% food wastes. Therefore 100% swine manure was estimated to be superior than the others treatments. However an adequate mixture ratio of food wastes for processing mixture of swine manure by vermicomposting was estimated to be 40%. Because there was no significant difference in mean flesh weight, increasing rate, casts weight, proportion of casts weight, and reduction rate of volatile solids among 3 treatments and survival rate and conversion efficiency(CE) in swine manure with substituted 40% food wastes were significantly higher than the other treatments.

Effect of neem leaves and stock density of earthworm (Eisenia fetida) on quality of rice straw vermicompost

Sapna Yadav,Parveen Kumar Techno-Press 2023 Advances in environmental research Vol.12 No.1

The sustainable management of rice straw is essential for protection of human health and environment. This study assesses the impact of stock density of earthworm (Eisenia fetida) and Neem leaves (Azadirachta indica) on the quality of the final vermicompost. The vermicompost is produced using different combinations of rice straw, Neem leaves, and cow dung (bulking agent) by varying stock density of earthworms. The vermicomposting experiments are performed in plastic containers (32 cm × 28 cm × 28 cm) in open for 90 days under laboratory conditions. The stock density of the earthworm is found to be an important factor to influence nutritional quality of the final vermicompost. There is observed significant improvement in the total nitrogen (91.8%), phosphate (73.4%), potassium (38.8%), and calcium (59.05%) content of the vermicompost produced with the highest stock density of the earthworms. All the treatments showed decrease in TOC and C:N content after 90 days of vermicomposting. The treatment with Neem leaves showed maximum growth of earthworms (2.65 fold). Neem leaves brought positive changes in the quality of final vermicompost by enhancing the growth and reproduction of the earthworms. The calcium content increased by 39% in the final vermicompost with the addition of Neem leaves at the same stock density of the earthworms. The stock density of the earthworms and Neem leaves are found to significantly improve quality of the final vermicompost as compared with the compost (control). The surface morphology in SEM images showed high degree of fragmentation in the vermicompost as compared with the compost. The combined action of microbes and earthworms resulted in high degree of disintegration in the vermicompost.

Vermicomposting을 이용한 유기성 슬러지 처리에 관한 연구

박현건,이춘식,강성석 진주산업대학교 산업과학기술연구소 1996 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigated treatment of organic sludges using the vermicomposting. The effects of earthworms were obtained as follows: 1. The physicochemical components were investigated to be pH 7.7, TS 29.3%, VS 68.2%, FS 36.1%. 2. Optimum temperature range for growth of earthworms appears to be 20-25oC. 3. A productvity of optimum in earthworms were investigated to be temperature 10-15oC, pH 5.8-6.5. 4. The change of components in earthworm cast were investigated to be pH 6.2, VS 68.2-62.2%, TKN 7.5㎍/g, T-P 10.3㎍/g, T-K 3.2㎍/g.

Vermicomposting에 의한 우분과 음식물쓰레기의 처리에 관한 연구

조익환 ( Jo Ik-hwan ),이주삼 ( Lee Ju-sam ) 한국유기농업학회 2003 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.11 No.4

This research was made to determine the optimum mixing ratio cattle manure and food waste investigating the effect that gets the growth and reproductive efficiency of earthworm and productivity of earthworm casts at processing process when handled cattle manure and food waste by vermicomposting, in order to establish the treatment system of organic wastes by vermicomposting. Survival ratio of earthworm was highest in the mixing ratio 80~100%: 20~0% of cattle manure and food Waste, and the increasing ratio was highest in cattle manure 100%, and the number of young worms, the weight of young worms and the productivity of earthworm casts in plots more than the mixing ratio 60% of cattle manure were significantly higher than in the other treatment plots(p<0.05). Total nitrogen and carbon contents in earthworm cast were decreased when rearing time of earthworm was increased. Carbon and nitrogen rate(C/N) of earthworm cast in plots more than the mixing ratio 80% of cattle manure was significantly higher than in the other treatment plots (p<0.05). pH in earthworm cast was higher than that in residual matter. The contents of electrolytic conductivity in the higher mixing ratio of food waste were significantly higher than those in the other treatment plots (p<0.05).

Vermicomposting을 이용한 유기성 슬러지 처리에 관한 연구

박현건,전기일 진주산업대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 環境硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigated treatment of organic sludges using the vermicomposting. The effects of earthworms were obtained as follows 1. The physicochemical components were investigated to be pH 7.7, TS 29.3%, VS 68.2%, FS 36.1%. 2. Optimum temperature range for growth of earthworms appears to be 20-25℃. 3. A productvity of optimum in earthworms were investigated to be temperature 10-15℃, pH 5.8-6.5. 4. The change of components in earthworm cast were investigated to be pH 6.2, VS 68.2-62.2%, TKN 7.5㎍/g, T-p 10.3㎍/g, T-K 3.2㎍/g.

Vermicomposting에 의한 음식물쓰레기와 돈분의 처리

조익환 대구대학교 생명과학연구소 2003 생명과학연구 Vol.2 No.1

This research was made to estimate the optimum mixing rate of swine manure and food waste investigating effect that get the growth and reproductive efficiency of earthworm and productivity of earthworm casts at processing process when handled swine manure and food waste by vermicomposting, in order to establish treatment system of organic wastes by vermicomosting. Survival rate of earthworm was highest in the mixing rate 80-100 % : 20-0 % of swine manure and food waste, and the increasing rate was highest in swine manure 100%, and the number of young worms, the weight of young worms and the productivity of earthworm casts in plots more than the mixing rate 60% of swine manure were significantly higher than in the other treatment plots (p<0.05, Table 1). Also, Carbon and nitrogen ratio (C/N) of earthworm cast was suitable by 13.9-14.1% in plots more than the mixing rate 60% of swine manure (Table 2).

Vermicomposting에 의한 우분과 음식물쓰레기의 처리에 관한 연구

조익환,이주삼 한국유기농업학회 2003 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.11 No.4

This research was made to determine the optimum mixing ratio cattle manure and food waste investigating the effect that gets the growth and reproductive efficiency of earthworm and productivity of earthworm casts at processing process when handled cattle manure and food waste by vermicomposting, in order to establish the treatment system of organic wastes by vermicomposting. Survival ratio of earthworm was highest in the mixing ratio 80~100%:20~0% of cattle manure and food Waste, and the increasing ratio was highest in cattle manure 100%, and the number of young worms, the weight of young worms and the productivity of earthworm casts in plots more than the mixing ratio 60% of cattle manure were significantly higher than in the other treatment plots(p<0.05). Total nitrogen and carbon contents in earthworm cast were decreased when rearing time of earthworm was increased. Carbon and nitrogen rate(C/N) of earthworm cast in plots more than the mixing ratio 80% of cattle manure was significantly higher than in the other treatment plots(p<0.05). pH in earthworm cast was higher than that in residual matter. The contents of electrolytic conductivity in the higher mixing ratio of food waste were significantly higher than those in the other treatment plots(p<0.05).

지렁이를 이용한 우유가공 폐수처리장 슬러지의 효율적 퇴비화

서정윤(Jeoung Yoon Seo) 大韓環境工學會 2012 대한환경공학회지 Vol.34 No.7

이 연구에서는 우유가공: 제지: 분뇨 슬러지의 습무게 비율을 0: 80: 20, 25: 60: 15, 50: 40: 10, 75: 20: 5 그리고 100: 0: 0의 5가지 비율로 섞은 혼합물을 지렁이에 급이 하여 2주 후 유기물의 분해율과 생산된 분변토의 이화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다: 분변토를 생산하기 위하여 지렁이에 우유가공 슬러지만을 급이 하였을 때와 우유가공 슬러지 25%, 제지 슬러지 60% 그리고 분뇨 슬러지 15%로 섞어 급이 하였을 때 분해율이 가장 높았으며 각각 19.9와 19.1%로 비슷하였다. 우유가공 슬러지만을 급이 하였을 경우가 우유가공 슬러지와 분뇨 및 제지 슬러지를 혼합 급이 하였을 경우보다 분해율이 높아 오히려 우유가공 슬러지만 지렁이에 급이 하는 것이 다른 슬러지와 혼합하여 급이 하는 것보다 적합하였다. 퇴비화 기간 2주 후 생성된 분변토 중 회분, T-P, NO₂--N, NO₃--N, Mg, K 함량은 증가하였으나 수분, VS, TKN, NH₄+-N, Ca 함량은 감소하였다. 분변토의 중금속 함량은 분해율이 가장 높았던 MPS-100의 경우 Hg를 제외하고 모두 증가하였다. 나머지의 경우 As, Cd, Cu 그리고 Ni 함량은 지렁이에 급이 한 후 증가하였다. 반면에 Hg과 Pb는 감소하였다. 그러나 Zn의 함량 차이는 미미하였으며 Cr과 Ni은 뚜렷한 경향을 보이지 않았다. 분변토의 pH는 초기 혼합물의 pH 보다 감소하였다. 우유가공 슬러지만 그리고 우유가공, 제지와 분뇨 슬러지를 다른 비율로 섞은 4가지 혼합물을 지렁이에 급이 하여 생산된 분변토들은 모두 비료공정규격 부산물비료의 기준을 충족하였다. This study was conducted to determine the optimal ratio of sludges from milk processing industry (MPS), paper-mill industry (PMS) and night-soil treatment plant (NSS) for vermicomposting. Five different ratios, 0 : 80 : 20 (MPS-0), 25 : 60 : 15 (MPS-25), 50 : 40 : 10 (MPS-50), 75 : 20 : 5 (MPS-75), and 100 : 0 : 0 (MPS-100 : control) MPS : PMS : NSS by wet weight were tested in a small plot experiment. The experiment for each mixing ratio was performed for 2 weeks with the three replications. MPS-100 (100: 0: 0) only had the highest decomposition rate with 19.9%, followed by MPS-25, MPS-50, MPS-75 and MPS-0 with 19.5, 19.1, 17.6 and 16.7%, respectively. Except for MPS-100, Vermicomposting resulted in increase in ash, T-P, NO₂--N, NO₃--N, Mg, K, As, Cd and Cu, whereas moisture, VS (Volatile Substance), TKN (Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen), NH₄+-N, Ca, Hg and Pb were lower in the final cast than the initial feed mixture. Meanwhile Zn showed very slight difference and Cr and Ni did not show any tendency between the feed mixture and the final cast. In the case of MPS-100, where the decomposition rate was the highest, all the heavy metals in the final cast except for Hg were increased. All the vermicomposts produced from five different mixing ratios of the vermicomposting sludges met the Korea Standard as by-product compost.

음식폐기물 자원화를 위한 지렁이 퇴비화 연구(Ⅰ)

이기완 ( Ki-wan Lee ),이남경 ( Nam-kyoung Lee ) 한국환경기술학회 2006 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.7 No.3

유기성 폐기물의 약 30%를 차지하는 음식폐기물에 대하여 최근 지렁이를 이용한 퇴비화 방안의 관심이 모아지고 있다. 그러나 지렁이 이용기술은 자료와 경험부족으로 인해 아직도 초기단계 연구 수준을 벗어나지 못하고 있다. 지렁이에 의한 음식폐기물 전처리를 위해서는 세척, 분쇄 등의 공정이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 전처리과정을 거친 음식폐기물을 지렁이 사육상자의 운영실험을 수행하였다. 운영실험 개시단계로 부터 분변토 발생단계에 이르기까지 지렁이 생존에 적합한 환경이 유지되어 지렁이를 이용한 음식 폐기물 자원화가 가능한 것으로 확인할 수 있었고, 최종 발생된 지렁이 분변토는 부숙토 기준에 적합하였다. The 30% of food wastes is organics in Korea. The food waste recycling will become a national topic soon. An important concern of regional government is the vermicomposting for the food waste recycling, but the technology of earthworm is yet basic level because of insufficient data and experience. The washing and grinding are need processes for pretreatment to the vermicomposting. Operating tests of the pretreated food waste using the breeding bed were conducted. It was founded that vermicomposting could achieve the goals of food waste recycling through the fact that survival conditions of earthworm should be maintained during the experimental period until appearance stage of excrement from beginning of operation. Final byproducts as the excrement of earthworm is suitable for the quality standard of humus.

우분에 깔짚 혼입 수준이 퇴비화 과정중 이화학적 성상 변화와 지렁이 생존에 미치는 영향

황보순,조익환,손장호,Hwangbo, Soon,Jo, Ik-Hwan,Son, Jang-Ho 한국유기농업학회 2014 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.22 No.1

본 연구는 가축의 축사에 깔짚으로 이용되는 톱밥을 수준별(0(CSD0구), 10(CSD10구), 20(CSD20구), 30(CSD30구) 및 40%(CSD40구))로 우분과 혼합한 다음 부숙기간 중의 이화학적 성상 변화가 지렁이 생존에 미치는 영향을 조사함으로써 vermicomposting을 이용한 가축분의 친환경적 처리에 기초자료로 이용하고자 실시되었다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 부숙이 경과함에 따라 3주부터 모든 구에서 지렁이의 생존이 가능하였다. 처리구별 탄질비는 톱밥 혼합구가 CSD0구 보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 지렁이가 생존하기 시작한 3주차의 탄질비는 23.26~61.05로 나타났다. 부숙이 경과함에 따라 pH와 전기전도도는 CSD0구에서 가장 높았고, 톱밥의 혼입 비율이 높을수록 pH와 전기전도도는 낮은 경향이었다. 지렁이가 생존하기 시작한 pH와 전기전도도는 각각 7.4~7.7과 0.28~1.17mS/cm으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면 우분에 다양한 수준의 톱밥을 혼합하여 부숙시켰을 경우 이화학적 성상 변화는 모두 지렁이 생존이 가능한 범위로 나타났으나, 우분의 효율적인 지렁이 퇴비화를 위해서는 톱밥 혼입 비율에 따른 지렁이의 생육과 증식 조사를 위한 시험이 필요하다고 사료되어 진다. The present study was conducted to provide basic data for environmentally friendly treatment of manure using vermicomposting by investigating the influence of physiochemical property change during the composting period on the survival of earthworms after mixing cow manure in different levels (0(CSD0), 10(CSD10), 20(CSD20), 30(CSD30), and 40%(CSD40)) with the sawdust that is used bedding in livestock pens. As composting proceeds, earthworms were able to survive in all treatments after 3 weeks. In terms of the C/N ratio by treatment groups, the sawdust mix treatment was significantly higher than the CSD0 treatment (p<0.05). The C/N ratio in the 3rdweek when earthworms started surviving was 23.26-61.05. As composting progressed, pH and electrolytic conductivity were highest in the CSD0 treatment and tended to decrease with higher proportion of sawdust in the mix. It was found that pH and electrolytic conductivity that earthworms starting to survive are 7.4-7.7 and 0.28-1.17 mS/cm respectively. To summarize, when composing cow manure with various levels of sawdust mix, all physiochemical property changes turned out to allow the survival of earthworms, but the results suggest that efficient vermicomposting requires the tests to examine growth and reproduction according to the sawdust mix ratio.